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Patterns of Ceremonial Foods for Middle-aged Residents in Ganghwa (강화 지역 중년 남.녀의 의례 음식 섭취 실태)

  • Kim, Eun-Mi
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.455-465
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    • 2008
  • The data for this study were collected in a survey conducted in Ganghwa. The questionnaire was specifically designed to identify ceremonial and prohibitive foods in Ganghwa. Quantitative and qualitative data were reported as frequencies, and $X^2$ analysis was employed to assess the relationships among religious. Ceremonial foods were important on the 15th of January by the lunar calendar(87.5%), the Korean Thanks giving Day(84.4%), New Year's Day(79.8%), and the winter solstice(77.4%). A table in celebration of a baby's first birthday included baekseolgi, rice cake with Indian millet and red bean, songpyeon, injeolmi, fruits, and japchae. Women who had delivered a child ate boiled rice and seaweed soup. Birthday parties was hosted in 67.0% of the homes. The reasons for not having a birthday party were the inability to make enough time(38.2%) and difficulties with work(19.4%). Pyebaek foods were jerked beef, chicken, jujube and chestnuts. A 60th birthday anniversary was the reason for 31.4% of the respondents to eat ceremonial foods, and a Memorial Day service that carried in the eldest son was the reason in 53.4% of the families. The Memorial-Day service foods were learned by a Catholic mother(66.7%), by the husband's Buddhist mother(37.9%), or by Confucianism(54.5%)(p<0.05). Therefore, it is important to increase the understanding of celebrational foods and to enforce systematic public relations.

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A Comparative Study of Knowledge Integration in the Textbook and Students' Mental Model about the Phases of the Moon (달의 위상 변화에 관한 교과서의 지식 통합 과정 및 학생 정신 모델의 비교 연구)

  • Sung, Na-Hae;Choe, Seung-Urn
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.163-174
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    • 2008
  • In this study, we compared textbook knowledge organization with students' mental models to contribute to a more well-designed instruction scheme. The selected science content was the cause of moon phases. We investigated 9 textbooks and 25 third-year middle school students. Patterns and features in participants' mental models were identified through cross inter-rater data analysis by 9 researchers, including in service teachers and experts in science education. According to the results, observing and modeling are the main activities engaged in when dealing with moon phases. The activities consisted of such concepts as: lunar revolution, the sun's parallel rays, the illuminated half of moon, and the relative positions of the sun, moon, and earth. Each concept involved inquiry skills such as: creating and manipulating models, utilizing the relationship between time and space, and communicating. However, the most important skills which are required for authentic scientific inquiry, namely controlling variables and formulating hypotheses, were missing. We categorized students' mental models into three types: scientific models, mixed models, and alternative models. The knowledge structure of each of the models was also discussed in this paper. Consequently, it was found that, typically, students were not given enough opportunities to strengthen the connection among ideas.

A Study on the Verification of the Profile of Seo구s Elderly Stress Scale (SESS) (노인 스트레스 측정 도구(SESS)의 신뢰도 및 타당도 검증 연구)

  • 서현미;유수정;하양숙
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.94-106
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study was to verify the use of Seo's Elderly Stress Scale (SESS), which was developed in 1996. Through the modified tool, it is possible to examine the stress of Korean elders and to contribute to the welfare of them. The subjects were 350 elders over 65 years old who live in Seoul, Kwang-Ju, Yang-Ju Gun Kyung-ki Do, Ui-Jong Bu, and Young-Am Kun, Jeun-Ra Nam Do. the data of 331 elders (94%) were analyzed. Data were collected between January and March in 1996 and analyzed using the SPSS Win 8.0. The result are as follows: 1. Items with low correlation with the total items were removed. So 27 items were removed and 37 items remained. This 37 items were death in the family and/or close friends, family member's behavior not meeting expectations, marriage of daughter, marriage of son, friction with daughter- in-law, argument among children, children refuse to live with parent, children leaving home, sex injury or accident, in frequest visits from children and grandchildren, providing care for your daughter or daughter-in-law post-partum, decrease in decision making and authority in home, Lunar new year and the harvest featival, house sitting, working in the house, performing a sacrificial rite, missed birthday, not living with the eldest son, decreased eyesight, decreased strength, decreased memory, sleep pattern changes, thoughts about death, loneliness, decreased hearing, change of dental condition, change in your diet or eating style, difficulty in self care, moving because of disease or aging, argument with friend or neighbour, travel, dealing with the procedure of heritage, loss of money or property, not enough pocket money, hearing on elderly neglect in television or radio, hope of going home and ignorant from others. 2. Overlapped items were discussed by colleagues and were modified. 'marriage of daughter' and 'marriage of son' were modified in 'marriage of children'. 'self injury or accidents' and 'family accidents' were modified in to self or family accidents. 3. Factor analysis was done in order to identify validity and three factors were obtained from the result. The first factor familial relation area, included 17 items. The second factor, physical area, included 9 items. The third factor, psycho-socio-economic area, included 9 items. Cronbach coefficient alpha for the 35 items was .923. 4. Pearson's correlation was .704 between SESS and SOS (Symptoms of Stress) in order to confirm construct validity. Based on the result, the following is suggested; 1. The modified SESS needs to be reverified with elder. 2. Korean elder's health promotion can be made by development of stress intervention which was accurately measured with SESS.

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The Literature Study about Zodiac 28 fixed Star, and Nakshatra (천궁도 28수(宿)와 낙샤트라에 대한 문헌적 고찰)

  • Cho, Man-Seob;Kim, Ki-Seung
    • Industry Promotion Research
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.105-122
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    • 2020
  • The purpose of this thesis is to contemplate Astrology, 28 Fixed star, and Naksatra. The goal of this study was to look through the birth process of Astrology in the classical literature, and to examine how it can be applied to each individual's life by looking into the meaning of 28 Fixed star and Nakshatra. From the literary review, Astrology existed among the Babylonians 1000 BC and it originated from the start of calling by naming the animal. Assyrians called it "the zodiac is the Way of the Moon" which was written on Molapin in the Enuma Anu Enil, the clay plate recorded by Assyrians. Therefore, it was found that the zodiac, called Astrology, was made through the movement of the moon. There are also 28 stars in 배도, which is the way the moon passes, and it is called 28 Fixed star. 28 Fixed Star is called Nakshatra in India and can read the natural destiny of an individual through Nakshatra., Knowing the lunar month and date, you can find the individual Nakshatra and choose the best life in the framework of your natural destiny. Therefore, this researcher reviewed the literature on Astrology, 28 Fixed Star and Nakshatra and suggested the utilization plan. I hope this study will help the related field in the future.

Fluctuation of Tidal Front and Expansion of Cold Water Region in the Southwestern Sea of Korea (한국 남서해역에서 조석전선의 변동과 저수온역 확장기작)

  • Jeong, Hee-Dong;Kwoun, Chul-Hui;Kim, Sang-Woo;Cho, Kyu-Dae
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.289-296
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    • 2009
  • The appearance and variation of cold water area and its expansion mechanism of tidal front in the south western coast of Korea in summer were studied on the basis of oceanographic data(1966-1995), satellite images from NOAA and SeaWiFs and numerical model. Cold water appearance in southwestern field of Jindo was due to the vertical mixing by strong tidal current. Tidal front where horizontal gradient of water temperature was more than $0.3^{\circ}C$/km parallels to contours of H/$U^3$ parameter 2.0~2.5 and the outer boundary of cold water region corresponds with contours of the parameter 2.5~3.0 in the southwestern sea of Korea during the period between neap and spring tides. The position replacement of tidal front formed in the study ares varies in a range of 25~75km and cold water region extends about 90km. These suggest that the magnitude of variation of frontal position and cold water area was proportionate to the tidal current during lunar tidal cycle. Moreover, it was estimated that the southwestward expansion of cold water region was derived from the southwestward tide-induced residual currents with speed more than 10cm/s.

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Analysis of the Correlation between atrophy of exocervical epithelial cell and osteoporosis (자궁경부 상피세포위축과 골다공증의 상관관계 분석)

  • Lee, Dae-Il;Nam, Ha-Gyeong;Lee, Mi-Hwa;Gwak, Min-Jeong;Lee, Hyeon-Jeong;Lee, Su-Bae;Hong, Gwang-Seon
    • Journal of Korea Association of Health Promotion
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.75-84
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    • 2006
  • Background : Osteoporosis and atrophic cell pattern in Pap smear are frequent findings In postmenopausal women due to loss of ovarian function, The present study attempted to find out possible correlation between morphologic characteristics of Pap smear and osteoporosis. Material & methods: The subjects were 825 women(age from 35 to 80) who had undergone Pap smear and bone mineral density(BMD) at The Korea Association of Health Promotion, Seoul Branch, from March 8 to May 10, 2005. Pap smears from 825 women were reviewed and classified either mature cell pattern or atrophic cell pattern by their cytologic patterns, BMD were measured using LUNAR DPX MdIQ(Minster, Ohio, USA). BMD value of lumbar spine(Ll, L2,L3 and L4) were measured from 825 women and BMD value of proximal region off emur(neck NK, Wards triangle WT, and trochanter TR) were measured from 818 women and their bone status were classified as normal( T-sore:>-1.0), osteopenia (T-score: -l~<-2,5) and osteoporosis(T-score: ≤ -2.5). And age distribution of Pap smear, average T-value andfrequency ofsteoporo-sis of each region of the bone, percentage of osteoporosis of each boneregion by age group and changing pattern of percentage of osteopenia and osteoporosis in certain postmenopausal period were compared between mature and atrophic cell pattern. Results: Pap smears revealed total mature cell pattern 53,9%(445/825) and total atrophic cell pattern 46.1%(380/825), Percentage of mature cell pattern decreased from 98.2%(168/171)under 44 age group to 13,3%(17/128) over 65 age group and mature cell pattern increased from 1.8%(3/171) under 44 age group to 86.7%(111/128) oyer 65 age group. Mean T-value of each region of lumbar spine and femur of mature cell pattern were lower than that of atrophic cell pattern about -1,5. And osteoporosis has noted in atrophic cell pattern showing odds ratio Ll 13.9, L2 15.3, L3 12.0, L4 10,4, UK 6.7, WT 10.9 and TR 4.1.Atrophic cell pattern started to increase after 45 years of age and osteoporosis of a trophic cell pattern started after 55 years of age. During 50 to 64 years of age period, L3, L4 and WT revealed parallel increased of osteopenia and osteoporosis and Ll, L2 revealed decreased of osteopenia and increased of osteoporosis. nia Conclusion: Above findings suggest that atrophic cell pattern of Pap smear precedes osteoporosis about 10 years and one of predictor of osteoporosis.

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An Epidemiologic Investigation on an Outbreak of Anthrax Occurred in Kyongju by Eating Dead Cow's Meat (경주시 배반동에서 발생한 탄저병에 관한 역학조사)

  • Lim, Hyun-Sul;Cheong, Hae-Kwan;Kim, Joung-Soon;Ohr, Hee-Choul;Rhie, Dong-Mo;Kim, Ho-Hoon
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.27 no.4 s.48
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    • pp.693-709
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    • 1994
  • This epidemiologic study was carried out to investigate cauuse and magnitude of food-poisoning like epidemic occurred among inhabitants of a village who have eaten dead cow's meat near Kyongju in February of 1994, around lunar new year, The investigation consisted of interview survey on all inhabitants of 77 households (111 males and 119 females) and their visitors (40 males and 35 females), skin test with anthraxinum (Russian product), study on clinical characteristics for the patients hospitalized, and microbiologic examination on microbes isolated from cow's meat, patient and soils of dead cow's barn. The results obtained are as followings; 1. The proportion of the inhabitants who ingested the dead cow's meat was 36.4%. The incidence rate of the disease was 65.1% for males, 41.7% for females and the cases were distributed evenly for all age groups. The group ingested raw meat showed higher incidence than the group ingested cooked meat. There was no case among people who did not eat the meat. 2. The most clinical symptoms were significantly more frequent among cases than non-cases : sore throat (57%), nausea (51%), fever (47%), indigestion (43%), cough (41%), anorexia (41%), abdominal distention (41%), and abdominal pain (39%) were the major symptoms among cases. 3. Among 29 cases hospitalized out of total 61 cases, three patients, all old and feeble persons, deceased from the disease resulting in 4.9% fatality rate among total patient and 10.3% among hospitalized. Septicemia and meningitis were the causes of the deaths. 4. Three strains isolated from patients, and three strains from dead cow's meat and soil revealed typical microbiologic characteristics of Bacillus Anthracis, which also proved to be fatal to experimentally infected mice.

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Identifying the Subjects of Nutrition Education for Junior and Senior High School Students (중.고등학생 대상 영양교육 현황 분석을 통한 영양교육 주제 도출)

  • Kang Yeo-Hwa;Yang Il-Sun;Kim Hye-Young;Lee Hae-Young
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.37 no.10
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    • pp.938-945
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    • 2004
  • The purposes of this study were to survey the present situation of nutrition education in junior/senior high school, to analyze the difference between the favorite subjects on students and the existing subject done by dietitians on nutrition education, and then to identify the subjects of nutritional education for junior/senior high school students. Self-administered questionnaires were given to dietitians and students and 142 of the 200 dietitians (71.0%) and 479 of the 564 students (84.9%) responded to the questionnaire on the nutritional education. According to the survey results, 76.1 % of school dietitians currently were doing nutrition education for students while the other 23.9% didn't have such education programs even though they recognized the necessity strongly. The target of nutrition education was student rather than parents or teacher generally and the principal measuring method for nutrition education effect was change of plate waste and leftover'. It was found that significant difference in the collector and source of nutritional education information between junior and senior high school dietitians (p< .05) . About ninety-eight percentage of dietitians felt that nutrition education should keep pace with meal service and this meant that almost respondent recognized the necessity of nutrition education for students. Because the most serious one among operational problems of nutrition education program was lack of enough time owing to too many affairs as dietitian, junior and senior high schools should support so that dietitians would share enough time for nutrition education. And also, a gap was existed between actual and favorite subjects on nutrition education. Significant differences existed in the following subjects; 'basic concept of food and nutrition', 'disease and nutrition', 'food culture in the world', 'cooking and culinary art', 'food of the 24 divisions of the year in the lunar calendar', 'food waste and environmental issue', 'food habit and food behavior', 'exercise and nutrition' (p< .001) 'table manner', 'food and individual sanitation', 'recommended dietary allowance' (p < .01) and 'menu planning' (p< .05) .Finally, 24 subjects of nutritional education were selected based on the survey results. These subjects would be expected to be able to contribute the effective and interesting nutrition education program for junior and senior high school students.

A Study on the Tidal Current State of Myeongnyang Strait on the Date of Myeongnyang Sea Battle, by Orbital Period of Celestial Body (천체의 궤도 운동 주기 분석을 통한 명량대첩 당시의 명량수도 조류 상태에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hyun-Jong
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.209-215
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    • 2015
  • Miraculous victory of Myeongnyang sea battle turned the tide of the Joseon's entire war against Japan and it is regarded as one of the most remarkable sea victories in the world history. In the sea battle of Myeongnyang, on September 16, 1597(lunar calender), the Joseon navy with 13 battle ships, led by Admiral Yi Sun-sin, won the Japanese navy with their fleet of 133 warships. There were several reasons why Admiral Yi decided on this location for battle. Myeongnyang strait is so narrow and had currents so powerful that many ships could not pass strait simultaneously. Therefore, despite being vastly outnumbered, Admiral Yi used terrain and tidal current advantage to defeat Japanese navy's numerical advantage. In order to find out the tidal state of Myeongnyang strait on September 16, 1597, topological phase of sun and moon was studied by orbital period of earth and moon. The tidal state of Myeongnyang strait on September 16, 1597 is estimated based on the theories of tide and tide tables. As a result of this study, time of slack water were found to be 0636, 1248, 1906 and time/speed of maximum tidal current were found to be 0930/8.3kts(NW), 1612/9.9kts(SE).

A Study on the Change of Bone Mineral Density(BMD) by Life Habit and Physical Condition (성인의 신체조건 및 생활습관에 따른 골밀도 변화에 대한 연구)

  • Kim, Sun-Geun
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
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    • v.29 no.3
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    • pp.177-184
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    • 2006
  • Purpose: To evaluate the correlation between BMD and life habit such as drinking. exercise smoking or physical condition such as age, sex, height, weight, body mass index(BMI). Materials and Methods: I evaluated the BMD of the femoral neck and L2-L4 spines of 321 persons who took a regular health screening in Woosuk university oriental medical hospital from February to April in 2006 by dual energy bone mineral densitometry. Results: The age of persons ranged from 20 years to 75 years(mean $45.10{\pm}11.54$) and there were 160 males and 161 females. In males, BMD of the femoral head was highest at 2nd decade, BMD of the spine was highest at 4th decade, and BMD of both femoral head and lumbar spine was lowest at 6th decade. In fenales, BMD of both femoral head and lumbar spine was highest at 4th decade and lowest at 6th decade. Among the various physical conditions, only height of persons showed significant correlation with BMD in both males and females. BMD was increased according to increasing height. In males, BMD of persons who had habit such as drinking, exercise or smoking did not show significant change statistically. But in females, drinking group showed high BMD relative to non-drinking group in both femoral head and lumbar spine. Conclusion: BMD was different according to age, sex, height and life habit. Especially aged people showed osteoporotic change progressively. More persistent effort is needed to find out the factors decreasing BMD for prevention of problems by osteoporosis.

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