• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.202-209
• /
• 2023

This study aims to analyze the correlation between semiconductor innovation and market dominance in the mobility electric vehicle industry. To this end, the study presentsstrategiesthat provide low-price competitiveness along with high-value creation in the electric vehicle and semiconductor markets. The first change in the era of high interest rates is to overcome the crisis of survival for value. Furthermore, the study acknowledges the ongoing second wave of change as the digital technology's value continues to rise, and companies experience decreased productivity due to rising ESG labor costs. The study analyzed price competitiveness in the context of the increased adoption of electric vehicles and the integration of semiconductor prices, proving that Tesla and Samsung Semiconductor have developed technology to dominate the market, with appropriate low-cost strategies applied as the value of innovation declines.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.157-166
• /
• 1978

The purpose of this study was; (1) to examine ready-to-wear dresses to find the characteristics of labels and construction which existed at three different price levels and (2) to make the gathered information available to consumers, designers, manufacturers and the people who are concerned with ready-to-wear garments. A check sheet was made listing a wide variety of features which could cause garments to be different. For the statistical analysis. 87 dresses were used out of 116 dresses examined. Observation was made at the stores in Myung Dong, Suh-Dae Moon and No Ryang Jin in Seoul from February 16, 1978 to March 3, 1978. The findings are; 1. The average prices of high, medium and low priced levels were ${\\}54,728$, ${\\}41,448$ and ${\\}7,225$. The average price discrepancy between high and medium priced levels was ${\\}13,000$ and ${\\}34,194$ between medium and low priced levels. 2. Most of the dresses examined had labels in all three priced levels. The most informative labels were found on medium priced dresses and then high. The low priced dresses had no information which would be of help to the consumer in regard to care, size and Jiber content. 3. Most of the dresses examined were cut on lengthwise grain. The stitching of medium and high priced levels were satisfactory. The chief way of fastening threads at the end of stitching was by backtracking. $28\%$ of the low priced levels was found unappropriate in stitching number because it was too large to the fabric. Many dresses in low priced levels were not pressed well. The average hem width of low priced dresses were less than 3cm, the high 3-4cm and the medium 4-5cm. Hemming was done mostly by hand in high and medium and by machine in low priced dresses. The medium priced dresses used more linings than low and high priced dresses.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.99-116
• /
• 2007

This paper considers the value of location in a linear city model and examines the product differentiation equilibrium of duopoly providing different benefits to consumers. We show that if the value of location is small, symmetric location equilibrium occurs where two firms follow the maximal differentiation principle. However, as the value of location increases, asymmetric location equilibrium occurs where the low-value-location firm moves to the high-value-location firm and thus adjusted maximal differentiation principle holds. We also investigate two different price leadership model and demonstrate the relationship between the value of location and the role of price leadership. In particular, we show that when the location value is high, the price leadership by high-value-location firm will appear as a unique equilibrium.

• 분석과 대안
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.143-162
• /
• 2018

This paper focuses on the policy framework about "Quantitative and Qualitative Easing (QQE)" of Japan, and analyzes reasons why the policy goal was not reached. The QQE was introduced by the Bank of Japan in 2013 with the purpose of meeting the price stability target of 2% and getting out of deflation that prevents sustained price decline. However, despite the implementation of the bold monetary easing policy unprecedented in the world, the policy goal was not achieved as of June 2018. As a result of analyzing the causes, the following three structural factors were confirmed. 1) The rise in prices by QQE was limited because Japan's consumer price is strongly depending on import price. 2) The effect is high degree of uncertainty and limited because theoretical framework of reflationist which adopted QQE depends on "expectation formation" by "self-fulfilling expectation" and "multiple equilibria". 3) It was confirmed that the expansion of the monetary base did not lead to money stock due to the existence of Japanese liquidity trap, long-term low interest rate policy.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제36권1호
• /
• pp.124-130
• /
• 2007

본 연구에서는 한식당에 대한 외국인 고객의 가격민감성을 측정하였으며, 그 결과 한식당 유형별로 가격민감성이 다르게 측정되어 가격이 각 외식업체의 제품과 서비스의 품질과 가치를 특징짓는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라 소비자의 서로 다른 요구에 의해 준거 가격이 복잡해지며, 소비자의 구매 목적에 따라서도 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다. 특히, 외국인 국적별로 가격민감성을 비교한 결과, 각 세분 시장별로 가격민감성에 차이를 나타냈는데, 전반적으로 일본인이 다른 세분시장에 비해 가격에 민감한 경향을 보이는 것으로 측정되었다. 이러한 가격민감성측정 모델은 다른 타겟 시장의 민감성과 각각의 수용가격범위를 측정할 수 있으므로, 외식업체 운영자들은 어떤 시장이 얼마의 최소한의 가격으로 구매 행동을 하지 않으며, 어떤 시장에 그 가격에 맞는 가치를 제공하도록 노력을 기울일 것인지 파악해야 한다. 또한 가격과 품질사이의 단순한 상관관계에 의해서만 소비자들의 행동을 설명하기 엔 너무 많은 변수들과 상황이 존재하고 있다. 따라서 구매 동기,사회적 환경 등의 요인, 시간제한, 계절적 효과, 물리적 환경, 구매 주체, 분위기 등의 상황적 변수들이 가격 민감 행동과 상호 작용 가능한 잠재적 요인들이므로 가격민감성과의 상관관계 분석도 가능할 것이다. 그러나 가격은 동질적인 제품 또는 동질적인 상황에서 소비되는 제품과 서비스에 대해서는 그 중요성이 떨어지고, 브랜드가 품질의 지각과 가치의 지각, 그리고 구매의도에도 긍정적인 영향을 미치게 되므로 외식기업들은 궁극적으로 이러한 순간에 다른 브랜드와 차별화 될 수 있는 한식 브랜드 요인들을 강조하여 경쟁적인 이익과 이윤을 증가시켜야 함을 잊지 말아야 할 것이다. 이와 함께 소비자의 기호와 욕구를 충족시킬 수 있는 가격과 가치 부여만이 고객 만족과 재 방문, 나아가 충성 고객을 이끌 수 있으며, 외식기업의 이를 활용한 가격전략 수립이 우선되어야 한다.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.357-367
• /
• 1997

The success of apparel goods mainly depends on the purchase behavior of end use consumers. The decision making processes of apparel merchandise are very complicated according to the many information cues available to the consumers. The country-of-origin is one of the extrinsic cues to affect the consumers 'decision. To study the effect of country -of-origin, the Polo style knit shirts were chosen as stimuli to the male and the female subjects (total 527) aged from 18 to 35. The identical nine shirts (3 countries$\times$3 levels of price) were carefully manipulated for the treatments. The three countries labelled are Italy as industrialized country, China as less developed one, and Korea. In addition to the country-of -origin, the prices of the shirts were exposed to the respondents. The price levels were 14,000 won for the low, 39,000 won for the moderate, and 64,000 won for the high price level. The findings were as follows: 1) As price was increased, the perceived value and purchase intention were decresed. Price was not statistically significant to perceived quality, but it was significant to perceived value and willingness to buy. 2) The merchandise of "Made in Italy" was evaluated higher than those of "Made in Korea" and "Made in China" The country-of-origin had statistically significant influences on the perceived quality, perceived value and also willingness to buy. 3) The interaction between the two factors, country-of-origin and price, was not observed.n and price, was not observed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권9호
• /
• pp.125-134
• /
• 2020

This study examines the nominal price anomaly in the Vietnamese stock market, that is, whether stocks with low nominal price outperform stocks with high nominal price. Using a sample of all 351 companies listed on the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE) from June 2009 to March 2018, we confirm our hypothesis and document that cheaper stocks yield higher subsequent abnormal returns. The results are robust after controlling for various stock characteristics that have been documented to be value-relevant in prior literature, including firm size, book-to-market ratio, intermediate-term momentum, short-term reversal, skewness, market risk, idiosyncratic risk, illiquidity and extreme daily returns, using both the portfolio analysis and the Fama-MacBeth cross-sectional regression. The negative effect persists in the long term (i.e., after up to 12 months), implying a slow adjustment of stock prices to their intrinsic value. Further analysis show that the observed nominal price anomaly is mainly driven by mispricing but not a latent risk factor proxied by stock price, thus the observed anomaly reflects a mispricing but not a fundamental risk. The study highlights the irrational behaviour of investors and market inefficiency in the Vietnamese stock market and provides important implication for investors in the market.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.440-450
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was intended to investigate influence of consumer's brand loyalty, competitor's brand price and brand switching intention in condition of discount sale of casual apparel products. The data for the study was obtained through the use of an experimental design which was $2{\times}[2{\times}2]$ mixed factorial design. The subjects were 730 college students. The data were analyzed by cluster analysis, ANOVA, simple interaction analysis and simple main-effect analysis. The following results were founded: First, The results indicated that the 3-way interaction effects among consumer's brand loyalty competitor's brand price and discount on brand switching of casual apparel products. Second, the results indicated that the 3-way interaction effects among consumer's brand loyalty competitor's brand price and discount on consumer preference of casual apparel products. These results indicated that low brand loyalty group on casual products showed high preference and high brand switching on competitors brand when competitor's brand price was lower than preferred brand price and discount type was absolute frame. High bran loyalty group on casual apparel products preferred and switched high competitor's brand when discount type was absolute frame.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.31-39
• /
• 2015

In this paper, we study the bargaining strategy of a distributor who sells vertically differentiated, i.e. high and low brand products. We derive and analyze the equilibrium solutions for both simultaneous and sequential bargaining games among the distributor, the high brand product manufacturer and the low brand product manufacturer. The result shows that the optimal bargaining strategy for the distributor heavily depends on the relative quality and price level of the low brand product comparing to those of the high brand product. It is also shown that, for more bargaining profit, the distributor has strong motivation to prefer a low brand product which has lower quality level per unit price.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.85-103
• /
• 1989

The purpose of this study is to figure out the urban low-income consumers' present possesion condition of electric appliances, the way of purchasing, shopping scope of groceries and electric appliances, and the shopping scope and information seeking behavior of groceries and electric appliances according to the socioeconomic variables, and the shopping scope of electric appliances according to the way of paying price. For this purpose 129 low-income consumers living in Inchon were interviewed through questionnares. Finally 100 questionnares were analyzed. The first major of this study is that the possesion rates of color television set and refrigerator are comparativelyl high, while those of washing machine, record player and camera are low. In case of electric appliances, consumers usually purchase things on credit and as a shopping place, they usually go to a commercial agent. In case of groceries, they usually buy things for cash, and in case of one price labeled groceries they usually buy things at a supermarket. Second, according to the way of paying price, the shopping scope of some electric appliances is broader in case of purchase for cach than in case of purchase on credit. Third, the shopping scope and information seeking behavior classified by the socioeconomic variables according to the income, age and education. That is as the income and education become higher and the age becomes lower, the shopping scope becomes broader, mass media information source is much more uaed and the frequency of seeking becomes higher. Through this study, I would like to suggest the followings. (1) The problem of low-income consumers is closely connected with the low education level, so it can be solved a bit through consumer education. (2) Especially the consumers' problem is more serious in case of those who are aged and get very low income and education. Therefore special attention is needed to those consumers.