• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.225-233
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• 2007

To verify which loop regions of 18S rRNA gene are suitable as species-specific genetic markers in ciliates, we analyzed the genetic variation of 18S rRNA gene among 9 Euplotes species (Hypotrichia : Ciliophora). In our result, no inter-specific variation was detected from V1, V3 and V5 regions, and the length of V7 and V8 are 44 bp and 79 bp, respectively, which are too short to make genetic marker. In contrast, V2 and V4 may be good candidate segments of species-specific diagnostic molecular markers because these two regions are most variable ($1.75{\sim}20.61%$) and showed good inter-specific phylogeny. Furthermore, the sequences of V2 and V4 are 123 bp and 306 bp, respectively in length which are enough to make species-specific marker.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2014

The expansion of the physical road in response to changes in social conditions and policy of the country has reached the limit. In order to alleviate congestion on the existing road to reconsider the effectiveness of this method should be asking. Currently, how to collect traffic information for management of the intersection is limited to point detection systems. Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) was the traffic information collection system of point detection method such as through video and loop detector in the past. However, intelligent transportation systems of the next generation(C-ITS) has evolved rapidly in real time interval detection system of collecting various systems between the pedestrian, road, and car. Therefore, this study is designed to evaluate the development of an algorithm for queue length based real-time traffic signal control methodology. Four coordinates estimate on time-space diagram using the travel time each individual vehicle collected via the interval detector. Using the coordinate value estimated during the cycle for estimating the velocity of the shock wave the queue is created. Using the queue length is estimated, and determine the signal timing the total queue length is minimized at intersection. Therefore, in this study, it was confirmed that the calculation of the signal timing of the intersection queue is minimized.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.610-616
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• 2013

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is an emerging detection technology for the amplification of DNA under isothermal conditions. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and reliable LAMP technique for the detection of Cronobacter sakazakii in milk powder. In order to enhance the sensitivity and specificity, LAMP primers targeting outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene of C. sakazakii were designed using Explorer V4 software. Thirty seven C. sakazakii strains and 13 pathogenic microorganisms were used for comparative detection of C. sakazakii using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time PCR, and LAMP. LAMP developed in this study could specifically detect C. sakazakii strains without cross-reactivity with other foodborne pathogens. LAMP products amplified from ompA gene of C. sakazakii were digested with with HhaI and NruI enzyme. The specificity of LAMP was confirmed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. LAMP could detect C. sakazakii within 1 h without bacterial culture and its detection limit was as low as 1 CFU/mL C. sakazakii in milk. In the comparison of the sensitivity, LAMP showed 10,000- and 100-times higher detection limit than PCR or real-time PCR, respectively. Therefore, this study can conclude that LAMP is a rapid and reliable detection technique for C. sakazakii contaminated in powdered milk.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.179-190
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• 2009

Travel time is one of the most important traffic parameters to evaluate operational performance of freeways. A variety of methods have been proposed to estimate travel times. One feasible solution to estimating travel times is to utilize existing loop detector-based infrastructure since the loops are the most widely deployed detection system in the world. This study proposed a new approach to estimate travel times for freeways. Inductive vehicle signatures extracted from the loop detectors were used to match vehicles from upstream and downstream stations. Ground-truthing was also conducted to systematically evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm by recognizing individual vehicles captured by video cameras placed at upstream and downstream detection stations. A lexicographic optimization method vehicle reidentification algorithm was developed. Vehicle features representing the characteristics of individual vehicles such as vehicle length and interpolations extracted from the signature were used as inputs of the algorithm. Parameters associated with the signature matching algorithm were calibrated in terms of maximizing correct matching rates. It is expected that the algorithm would be a useful method to estimate freeway link travel times.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.68-72
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• 1995

Segmental dilatation of the colon is a very rare disease entity of unknown etiology and may mimic Hirschsprung's disease. It is characterized by dilatation of a segment of the colon of variable length with obstruction due to lack of peristalsis in a normally innervated intestine. Recently authors experienced a case of segmental dilatation of the sigmoid colon in a 6 month-old male, who presented with severe constipation, abdominal distention, and abdominal mass since 2 months of age. Down's syndrome and congenital nystagmus were associated. Barium enema demonstrated focal dilatation of the sigmoid colon, but the rectum and descending colon proximal t o the affected colon were of normal caliber. Rectal suction biopsy with acetylcholinesterase staining was normal and anorectal manometry showed normal rectosphincteric reflex. At operation, there was a massively dilated and hypertrophied sigmoid colon with increased tortuous serosal vessels, measuring 15 cm in length and 10 cm in width. Teniae coli were identifiable in the affected segment. Frozen section biopsies at the proximal, affected, and distal colon showed ganglion cells. Descending loop colostomy was constructed initially and segmental resection and end to end colocolostomy were carried out 3 months later. Final histologic examination showed 1) normal colonic mucosa with ganglion cells, 2) prominent submucosal fibrosis and marked muscular hypertrophy, 3) unremarkable acetylcholinesterase activity and immunohistochemical findings against S-100 protein. On 8 months follow-up, he has been doing well and moves bowels 1-2 times daily.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.545-556
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• 2019

Bridge piers with bending failure mode are seriously damaged only in the area of plastic hinge length in earthquakes. For this situation, a modified method for the layout of longitudinal reinforcement is presented, i.e., the number of longitudinal reinforcement is increased in the area of plastic hinge length at the bottom of piers. The quasi-static test of three scaled model piers is carried out to investigate the local longitudinal reinforcement at the bottom of the pier on the seismic performance of the pier. One of the piers is modified by increased longitudinal reinforcement at the bottom of the pier and the other two are comparative piers. The results show that the pier failure with increased longitudinal bars at the bottom is mainly concentrated at the bottom of the pier, and the vulnerable position does not transfer. The hysteretic loop curve of the pier is fuller. The bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity is obviously improved. The bond-slip displacement between steel bar and concrete decreases slightly. The finite element simulations have been carried out by using ANSYS, and the results indicate that the seismic performance of piers with only increasing the number of steel bars (less than65%) in the plastic hinge zone can be basically equivalent to that of piers that the number of steel bars in all sections is the same as that in plastic hinge zone.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.338-353
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• 2016

Information on the surge behaviors and stall stagnation boundaries for a nine-stage axial flow compressor are summarized on the basis of analytical data in comparison with those for a single-stage one, with attention to the pressure ratio effect. The general trends of the surge loop behaviors of the pressure-mass flow are similar for both compressors including the fact that the subharmonic surges tend to appear very near the stall stagnation boundaries. With respect to the nine-stage compressor, however, the mild loops in the subharmonic surges tend to be very small in size relative to the deep loops, and at the same time, insufficient surge recovery phenomenon, which is a kind of subharmonic surge, appears also far from the stagnation boundary for relatively short delivery flow-paths. The latter is found to be a rear-stage surge caused by unstalling and re-stalling of the rear stages with the front-stages kept in stall in the stalled condition of the whole compressor, which situation is caused by stage-wise mismatching in the bottom pressure levels of the in-stall multi-stage compressor. The fundamental information on the stall stagnation boundaries is given by a group of normalized geometrical parameters including relative delivery flow-path length, relative suction flow-path length, and sectional area-pressure ratio, and by another group of normalized frequency parameters including relative surge frequencies, modified reduced resonance frequencies, and modified reduced surge frequencies. Respective groups of the normalized parameters show very similar tendency of behaviors for the nine-stage compressor and the single-stage compressor. The modified reduced resonance frequency could be the more reasonable parameter suggesting the flow-induced oscillation nature of the surge phenomena. It could give the stall stagnation boundary in a more unified manner than the Greitzer's B parameter.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.90-95
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• 2021

In this paper, the design method for a high-sensitivity compact resonator for chipless RFID tags is proposed. Proposed high-sensitivity compact resonator uses an interdigital-capacitor structure instead of a capacitor-shaped strip structure in a conventional ELC resonator. The length of the electrode plate of the IDC structure is longer than that of the conventional capacitor-shaped structure, resulting in a larger equivalent capacitance of the resonator. This can lower the resonant peak frequency of the RCS characteristic. Two resonators with the same length of the square loop and the width of the strip are fabricated on an RF-301 substrate with a thickness of 0.8 mm. The experiment results show that the resonant peak frequency and value of the bistatic RCS for the ELC resonator were 4.305 GHz and -30.39 dBsm, whereas those of the proposed IDC resonator were 3.295 GHz and -36.91 dBsm. Therefore, the size of the resonator is reduced by 23.5% based on the measured resonant peak frequency of the RCS characteristic.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.578-585
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• 2023

An artificial sphincter implanted in the bulbous urethra to treat severe postprostatectomy urinary incontinence is effective, but embedding-associated complications can occur. We assessed the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of urethral graciloplasty cross-innervated by the pudendal nerve. A simulation surgery on three male fresh cadavers was performed. Both ends of the gracilis muscle were isolated only on its vascular pedicle with proximal end of the obturator nerve severed and transferred to the perineum. We examined whether the gracilis muscle could be wrapped around the bulbous urethra and whether the obturator nerve was long enough to suture with the pudendal nerve. In addition, surgery was performed on a 71-year-old male patient with severe urinary incontinence. The postoperative 12-month outcomes were assessed using a 24-hour pad test and urodynamic study. In all cadaveric simulations, the gracilis muscles could be wrapped around the bulbous urethra in a γ-loop configuration. The length of the obturator nerve was sufficient for neurorrhaphy with the pudendal nerve. In the clinical case, the postoperative course was uneventful. The mean maximum urethral closure pressure and functional profile length increased from 40.7 to 70 cm H₂O and from 40.1 to 45.3 mm, respectively. Although urinary incontinence was not completely cured, the patient was able to maintain urinary continence at night. Urethral graciloplasty cross-innervated by the pudendal nerve is effective in raising the urethral pressure and reducing urinary incontinence.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.145-149
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• 2015

This paper introduces a sway suppression control for container cranes with unknown payloads and sway rates. With no priori knowledge concerning the magnitude of payload mass and sway rate, the proposed control maintains superior sway suppressing and trolley positioning against external disturbances. The proposed scheme combines a second order sliding mode control and an adaptive control to cope with unknown payloads. A second order sliding mode control without feedback of the sway rate is first designed, which is based on a class of feedback linearization methods for stabilization of the under-actuated sway dynamics of the container. Under applicable restrictions of the magnitude of payload inertia and sway rate, a linear regression model is obtained, and an adaptive control with a payload estimator is then designed, which is based on Lyapunov stability methods for the fast attenuation of trolley oscillations in the vicinity of the target position. The asymptotic stability of the overall closed-loop system is assured irrespective of variations of rope length. Simulation are shown in the existence of initial sway and external wind disturbances.