• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39B no.7
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• pp.433-439
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• 2014

This paper proposes an architecture of two-stage string matching engine with content-addressable memory(CAM) and parallel bit-split string matchers for deep packet inspection(DPI). Each long signature is divided into subpatterns with the same length, where subpatterns are mapped onto the CAM in the first stage. The long pattern is matched in the second stage using the sequence of the matching indexes from the CAM. By adopting CAM and bit-split string matchers, the memory requirements can be greatly reduced in the heterogeneous string matching environments.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.297-304
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• 2013

This research explores the effect of TV news camerawork and viewers' involvement on memory of news through experiment. For this experimental research, 2 groups of subjects composed of university students were exposed to different types of TV news and responded to survey questions which were analysed by SPSS program. This research found that camerawork of TV news doesn't have an effect on short-term memory but on long-term memory. Though the fact viewers' involvement has a positive effect on shot-term and long-term memory was found, interactive effect of viewers' involvement and camerawork as an peripheral clue was not found.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.261-268
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• 2018

Phase Change Memory(PCM) with low power consumption and high integration attracts attention as a next generation nonvolatile memory replacing DRAM. However, there is a problem that PCM has long latency and high energy consumption due to the writing operation. The PCM & DRAM hybrid memory structure is a fruitful structure that can overcome the disadvantages of such PCM. However, the page replacement algorithm is important, because these structures use two memory of different characteristics. The purpose of this document is to effectively manage pages that can be referenced in memory, taking into account the characteristics of DRAM and PCM. In order to manage these pages, this paper proposes an page replacement algorithm based on frequently accessed and recently paged. According to our simulation, the proposed algorithm for the DRAM&PCM hybrid can reduce the energy-delay product by around 10%, compared with Clock-DWF and CLOCK-HM.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.137-142
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• 2020

Many studies based on I-vector have been conducted in a variety of environments, from text-dependent short-utterance to text-independent long-utterance. In this paper, we propose a speaker verification system employing a combination of I-vector with Probabilistic Linear Discriminant Analysis (PLDA) and speaker embedding of Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) with attention mechanism in far-field and noisy environments. The LSTM model's Equal Error Rate (EER) is 15.52 % and the Attention-LSTM model is 8.46 %, improving by 7.06 %. We show that the proposed method solves the problem of the existing extraction process which defines embedding as a heuristic. The EER of the I-vector/PLDA without combining is 6.18 % that shows the best performance. And combined with attention-LSTM based embedding is 2.57 % that is 3.61 % less than the baseline system, and which improves performance by 58.41 %.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.657-663
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• 2016

In this work, a novel silicon (Si) based floating body synaptic transistor (SFST) is studied to mimic the transition from short-term memory to long-term one in the biological system. The structure of the proposed SFST is based on an n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) with floating body and charge storage layer which provide the functions of short- and long-term memories, respectively. It has very similar characteristics with those of the biological memory system in the sense that the transition between short- and long-term memories is performed by the repetitive learning. Spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) characteristics are closely investigated for the SFST device. It has been found from the simulation results that the connectivity between pre- and post-synaptic neurons has strong dependence on the relative spike timing among electrical signals. In addition, the neuromorphic system having direct connection between the SFST devices and neuron circuits are designed.

• Korean Journal of Communication Studies
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.165-193
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• 2010

The current study has significance in that it increases our understanding of BPL effectiveness by adding long-term memory dependent variables to widely used short-term memory variables. Furthermore, two unit of analysis of the current study, subject and BPL, made richer analysis possible as compared to previous studies. The result showed that BPL was effective in short-term recognition(52.8% of BPLs), long-term recognition(44.4% of BPLs), and long-term recall(30.6% of BPLs). The further result showed that audiovisual BPL, closeup BPL, long-exposed brand, leading actor using brand were more effective than other kinds of BPL. On the other hand, preference for the movie and preference for the actor were not significant factors in increasing people's memory of the brand name. Future researchers should settle the confusion existed in this field by inventing a more elaborate research design and exploring mediating and moderating variables in the subject of BPL effectiveness.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.157-168
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• 2021

This study uses the benchmark interest rate of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) to predict gold futures prices. For the predictions, we used the support vector machine (SVM) (a machine-learning model) and the long short-term memory (LSTM) deep-learning model. We found that the LSTM method is more accurate than the SVM method. Moreover, we applied the Boruta algorithm to demonstrate that the FOMC benchmark interest rates correlate with gold futures.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.20.1-20.15
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• 2020

Memory CD8+ T cells in the immune system are responsible for the removal of external Ags for a long period of time to protect against re-infection. Naïve to memory CD8+ T cell differentiation and memory CD8+ T cell maintenance require many different factors including local environmental factors. Thus, it has been suggested that the migration of memory CD8+ T cells into specific microenvironments alters their longevity and functions. In this review, we have summarized the subsets of memory CD8+ T cells based on their migratory capacities and described the niche hypothesis for their survival. In addition, the basic roles of CCR7 in conjunction with the migration of memory CD8+ T cells and recent understandings of their survival niches have been introduced. Finally, the applications of altering CCR7 signaling have been discussed.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

Firefighters wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for protection from environmental hazards. However, due to the layers of protective functions, the PPE inevitably adds excessive weight, bulkiness, and thermal stress to firefighters. This study investigated the adverse impact of wearing PPE as an occupational stressor on the firefighter's cognitive functioning. Twenty-three firefighters who had been involved in firefighting at least for 1 year were recruited. The overall changing trend in the firefighter's cognitive functioning (short-term memory, long-term memory, and inductive reasoning) was measured by the scores of three standardized cognitive tests at the baseline and the follow-up, after participating in a moderate-intensity physical activity, wearing a full ensemble of the PPE. The study findings evinced the negative impact of the PPE on the firefighter's cognitive functioning, especially in short-term memory and inductive reasoning. No significant influence was found on the firefighter's long-term memory. The results were consistent when the participant's age and BMI were controlled. The outcomes of the present study will not only fill the gap in the literature, but also provide critical justification to stakeholders, including governments, policymakers, academic communities, and industry, for such efforts to improve human factors of the firefighter's PPE by realizing the negative consequences of the added layers and protective functions on their occupational safety. Study limitations and future directions were also discussed.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.60-66
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of educational smartphone app with the effect of learning using conventional paper material. We developed an educational app for nursing students to learn how to read blood pressure and how to take a pulse. Evaluated was the effect of the app-based education by measuring the short term memory (right after the education), the long term memory (a week later) and the satisfaction. 25 college nursing students participated for the experiment group using the app-based education and 25 for the control group using paper-based education. We applied for statistical analysis Fisher's exact test and Independent t-test. The satisfaction of the app user's appeared significantly higher than that of the paper material user's (t=2.322, p=0.024). The short term memory score was 0.23 points higher in the experimental group (6.46 points) than in the control group (6.23 points), which was not statistically significant (t =0.422, p =0.675). Similar result came for the long term memory (t=1.006, p=0.320). After adjusting for the effect of a college grade using ANCOVA, the effect on memory was significantly higher in the experiment group. There might be differences in learning ability between the experimental and the control groups.