• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.22 no.3 s.81
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• pp.13-21
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• 2007

Personal and static sampling for formaldehyde, wood dust and noise monitoring, in accordance to the equipment running on the day, were carried out throughout wood panel manufacturing process. Even though the exposure level of formaldehyde and wood dust were below than exposure criteria, but the personal protective equipment(PPE) for those should be worn to everyone in the process because of its potential characteristics like carcinogenicity. Also a few local air extraction system above the cutting, grinding sections and organic blending room should be required. Most of the exposures of noise exposure were exceeded permitted exposure criteria, in case of Hopper operators, exposed to maximally 94dB(A) as LAeq 8hr, therefore active controls like PPE, monitoring, isolation etc. are necessary. The main sources of noise were caused on compressed air of the machinery, radio sound and operation noise like running machines, conveying, cutting, sawing, moving vehicles, storing and so on. For the comparison of control criteria in each country, the permitted exposure standards for above hazardous materials and noise in Korea, ACGIH and Australia were discussed. We have recognized that the Korean criteria should be discussed urgently to give the right information to employee and modified, if it is necessary.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.405-426
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• 2000

Two approximate methods based on mechanism analysis suitable for seismic assessment/design of structural concrete are reviewed. The methods involve use of equal energy concept or equal displacement concept along with appropriate patterns of inelastic deformations to relate structure's maximum lateral displacement to member and plastic deformations. One of these methods (Clough's method), defined here as a ductility-based approach, is examined in detail and a modification for its improvement is suggested. The modification is based on estimation of maximum inelastic displacement using inelastic design response spectra (IDRS) as an alternative to using equal energy concept. The IDRS for demand displacement ductilities are developed for a single degree of freedom model subjected to several accelerograms as functions of response modification factor (R), damping ratios, and strain hardening. The suggested revised methodology involves estimation of R as the ratio of elastic strength demand to code level demand, and determination of design base shear using $R_{design}{\leq}R$ and maximum displacement, determination of plastic displacement using IDRS and subsequent local plastic deformations. The methodology is demonstrated for the case of a 10-story precast wall panel building.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.41-50
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• 1993

This paper compares various potential based panel methods for the analysis of two-dimensional hydrofoil. The strength of singularity on each panel is assumed to be constant or linear. Robin boundary condition as well as Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions are applied to various formulations to evaluate the accuracies of the methods. Pressures and lifts are computed for various two-dimensional hydrofoil geometries and are compared with the analytic solutions. Extensive studies are performed on the local errors near the trailing edge, known to be sensitive to the foil geometry with sharp trailing edge and high camber. Robin boundary condition with the perturbation velocity potential formulation shows the best accuracy and convergence rate.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2019

Objectives: The Regional Cardiocerebrovascular Center (RCCVC) Project designated local teaching hospitals as RCCVCs, in order to improve patient outcomes of acute cardiocerebrovascular emergencies by founding a regional system that can adequately transfer and manage patients within 3 hours. We investigated the effects of RCCVC establishment on treatment volume and 30-day mortality. Methods: We constructed a panel dataset by extracting all acute myocardial infarction cases that occurred from 2007 to 2016 from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service claims data, a national and representative source. We then used a panel fixed-effect model to estimate the impacts of RCCVC establishment on patient outcomes. Results: We found that the number of cases of acute myocardial infarction that were treated increased chronologically, but when the time effect and other related covariates were controlled for, RCCVCs only significantly increased the number of treatment cases of female in large catchment areas. There was no statistically significant impact on 30-day mortality. Conclusions: The establishment of RCCVCs increased the number of treatment cases of female, without increasing the mortality rate. Therefore, the RCCVCs might have prevented potential untreated deaths by increasing the preparedness and capacity of hospitals to treat acute myocardial infarction patients.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.43-57
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• 2022

Background: Avoidable mortality rate has been widely used as an indicator of the quality of health care and the degree of inequality in health levels. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the avoidable mortality rate in the region. Methods: The data was MDIS(Microdata Integrated Service) Causes of Death Statistics, and the analysis period was from 2010 to 2019. Panel analysis was performed to identify the influencing factors on the avoidable mortality rate. Findings: Result showed that the current smoking rate had a significant positive effects on the avoidable mortality rate of both men and women. And the smoking cessation trial rate, low salt diet rate, weight control trial rate, annual vaccination rate had a significant negative effect. In the social environment, the divorce rate had a significant positive effect. In the economy environment, financial independence and social welfare budget rate had a significant negative effect. In the physical environment, the factory area rate had a significant positive effect. Practical Implication: Practical implication in order to lower the local avoidable mortality rate, various social determinants of health as well as health care resources should be considered together.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.109-121
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• 2022

The study empirically examines the horizontal spillover effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) on the productivity of Indian pharmaceutical firms. Robust least squares and the Generalized Method of Moments estimators are applied for the firm-level panel data of Indian pharmaceutical companies whose shares were traded on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). The information was collected from the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) Prowess database from 2015 to 2019. Based on the regularity in data availability, the sample firms are limited to 112 companies, 100 of which are domestic firms and 12 international firms. Firms with more than 10 percent foreign equity are classified as FDI firms, while those with less than that are classified as domestic firms. Estimation results show that foreign ownership does not contribute to the productivity of domestic firms. Due to increased competition, the Indian pharmaceutical companies with foreign equity participation are not more productive than local ones. Moreover, the findings reveal a negative and insignificant horizontal spillover effect from FDI on the productivity of domestic enterprises. The absence of horizontal spillovers may be attributable to foreign enterprises' ability to prevent technological outflow to competitors in the same industry.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.439-448
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• 2012

TFT-LCD panel images have non-uniform brightness, noise signal and defect signal. It is hard to divide defect signal because of non-uniform brightness and noise signal, so various divide methods have being developed. In this paper, we suggest method to divide defective regions on TFT-LCD panel image by estimating a menas of two different size of windows, which is suggested by Eikvil et al., and using difference of them. But in this method, the size of detectable defects is restricted by the size of window, hence it has inefficient problem that the size of window have to increase to divide a large defect region. To solve this problem we suggest an algorithm which can divide various size of defects, by using Multi-scale and restrict a detectable size of defects in each scale. To prove an efficiency of suggested algorithm, we show that resulting images of real TFT-LCD panel images and an artificial image with various defects.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.95-101
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• 2007

Recently, small-animal imaging technology has been rapidly developed for longitudinal screening of laboratory animals such as mice and rats. One of newly developed imaging modalities for small animals is an x-ray micro-CT (computed tomography). We have developed two types of x-ray micro-CT systems for small animal imaging. Both systems use flat-panel x-ray detectors and micro-focus x-ray sources to obtain high spatial resolution of $10{\mu}m$. In spite of the relatively large field-of-view (FOV) of flat-panel detectors, the spatial resolution in the whole-body imaging of rats should be sacrificed down to the order of $100{\mu}m$ due to the limited number of x-ray detector pixels. Though the spatial resolution of cone-beam CTs can be improved by moving an object toward an x-ray source, the FOV should be reduced and the object size is also limited. To overcome the limitation of the object size and resolution, we introduce zoom-in micro-tomography for high-resolution imaging of a local region-of-interest (ROI) inside a large object. For zoom-in imaging, we use two kinds of projection data in combination, one from a full FOV scan of the whole object and the other from a limited FOV scan of the ROI. Both of our micro-CT systems have zoom-in micro-tomography capability. One of both is a micro-CT system with a fixed gantry mounted with an x-ray source and a detector. An imaged object is laid on a rotating table between a source and a detector. The other micro-CT system has a rotating gantry with a fixed object table, which makes whole scans without rotating an object. In this paper, we report the results of in vivo small animal study using the developed micro-CTs.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.205-238
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• 2017

Display industry in Korea has been rapidly developing over 20 years, now taking the top-class leading position in the world. Nevertheless, many previous studies have mainly focused on major panel set makers. To overcome the drawbacks, this study focuses on supplier companies in the upstream of display industry such as materials, components, and equipments sectors. The research method used in this study is an industry value chain perspective combined with architectural innovation approach. Display panel is produced through fabrication process and modular process, each having a different characteristics of process architecture. This research figured out that there are quite a different development characteristics between materials and components suppliers and equipment suppliers. The number and revenue of materials and components suppliers were quite larger than equipments suppliers. However, the former has been growing mainly in the field of modular process, having a very weak position in the field of fabrication process. On the contrary, equipments suppliers have been showing a continuously growing pattern in the field of fabrication process. The R&D expenditures between these two kinds of suppliers showed a similar pattern. The fabrication process of display panel production is characterized as a highly integral architecture characteristics, so as to be a strong barriers to local suppliers, resulting less development of materials and components suppliers in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.12 no.4 s.47
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• pp.351-362
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• 2000

This paper is to study on the behavior of CFT column to H-beam end plate connections with penetrated high-strength bolts under cyclic load. The main parameters are as follows: 1) the thickness of end plate: 16mm, 22mm and 25mm, 2) the thickness of column : 9mm and 12mm. Comparison and analysis on the test results are performed in accordance with parameters. This study investigates energy absorption capacity of beam-column connections and analyzes the shear strength of joint panel. The shear strength of joint panel is estimated by superimposing the strength of the steel which is based on the von Mises yield criterion and that of the concrete which is used the Strut model to consider the effect of filled concrete.