• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.31-42
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• 2008

Research outcome shows the following: 1. Estimation by the year 2015 on the number of the aged people and on the number of the household of living alone and living with spouse only, per age-cohort by 5 years, per basic self-govern-ins local groups and the city of Daegu. The result is supposed to serve as meaningful basic material in building up future policies in many areas for the aged people living in their homes. 2. Estimation varies according to the areas and the age-cohorts. In urban areas, increase of the numbers of the households of the aged people living alone and living with spouse only is estimated in every age-cohort. In rural areas, variance between two age-groups, old-old and young-old, is observed. Both of the numbers of the households for the aged living alone and the aged living with spouse only have increased continuously by the year 2005. But the hither-to increase tendency is estimated to reverse itself to a decrease starting from the younger within the young-old age group, and the ratio of the old-old age-group in rural population will sharply increase starting from the year 2005. Such increase in the number of the aged people in need of the housing and the social support requires the increasing policy consideration for the issue of housing for the aged living in their homes. In spite of the decreasing tendency in the number of the aged people living alone and living with spouse only in rural areas, still there will continue to be more number of such households than in urban area for the time being. The government of Gyeongsangbuk-Do should pay more consideration to the old-old aged living alone and living with spouse only in rural areas, while being prepared for the sharply increasing households for the aged living alone and living with spouse only in urban areas.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.615-628
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• 2004

This study is designed to examine influences of living arrangements on psycho-social factors, health and nutritional status, dietary adequacy and meal service utility patterns of the elderly. Nutritional status was evaluated by Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). Three hundred and nine elderly (110 men and 199 women) who participated in meal service in the Chung-buk province were investigated. Proportion of the elderly living alone, couples only, living with spouse and family, living with family without spouse; and living with other than family were 30.7%, 25.9%, 14.2%, 24.3% and 4.9% respectively. The mean age of the elderly was 74.1 years and the elderly who are living couples only and living with spouse and family were younger than those with other living status. Living arrangements seem to be related to psycho-social factors, health and nutritional status, and dietary quality. Those who live alone and live with other than family were mostly women and they have lower socio-economic status, psycho-social, health and nutritional status and dietary patterns compared with those of the elderly who are living with spouse or family. It was found that the elderly who live a couple only and live with spouse and family had better emotional, health and nutritional index than those of the elderly who live with family without spouse, especially in case of females. Most of elderly perceived that participation of meal service programs had a positive effect on their daily life and satisfied with meals. The elderly living alone and living with other than family were more frequently using meal service but had a negative attitude about the charged meal service for better quality than the elderly with other living status. The most important reason for all the elderly to participate in meal service was to meet their friends and then to get other services. Particularly those who are living alone and living with other than family showed lack of moivation to prepare and set the meal, and for them the economic reason is also important. They also replied that the poor health and lack of other help were the most difficult problems for them to prepare meals. It would be effective to provide nutritional services that meet specific needs of the elderly according to their characteristics and living environment.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2005

This study attempts to find out more efficient way of improving the housing conditions, by reviewing the existing improvement programs for the traditional rural housing and by aiming at finding advantages to inherit and correcting the inconvenience of the traditional forms of housing, through a survey on the housing conditions of the aged living alone and living with spouse only in the traditional rural housing. Research result shows that the openness and buffering zone of the traditional rural housing are relevant housing elements which provide the aged appropriate living space and therefore should be actively inherited and that the existing improvement programs have been largely inappropriate. But as the aged can hardly practice the appropriate way of improvement on their own, government policy consideration is urgently needed as part of the welfare policy for the aged.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.940-955
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to compare the degree nutrient intake, health status and other characteristics of females aged 65 years and over in a longevity area according to family arrangement. For analysis, 585 female elderly were recruited from the Kugoksoondam area (Kurye, Goksung, Soonchang and Damyang counties), known as the longevity-belt region in Jeonla province, Korea. The subjects were categorized into three groups according to family arrangement (living alone, living with spouse only and living with family). Demographic characteristics were collected, as well as information on physical measurements, blood tests for biochemical indicators, health status and health-related life style, dietary behavior, favorite food groups, consumption frequency of food groups, nutrient intake and mini nutrition assessment. In the group living with their spouse only, the highest education, physical activity, diverse food intake, frequency of eating meats and fish, energy and nutrients intake, and score on the mininutrient status assessment (MNA) were found to be significantly favorable factors. Taken together, these results demonstrated that the group living with their spouse only had relatively superior nutrient intake and the quality of diet. In contrast, the group living alone showed the lowest self-rated economic status, diversity of food intake, and physical activity, with the highest frequency of drinking, smoking and regular exercise for almost everyday compared with the other groups. On the other hand, those living with family demonstrated the lowest intake of supplements or functional foods, and levels of hemoglobin hematocrit MCH, but the highest HBA1c and blood sugar. Therefore, the group living with family was assumed to be at risk of anemia and diabetes. These results could be useful to plan effective strategies to increase the health-life expectancy of Korean elderly people living in rural areas, according to family arrangement.

• 한국노년학
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.635-652
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 미주 한인노인(older Korean immigrants in the United States )과 한국에 거주하는 노인(older Koreans in South Korea)을 대상으로 동거형태(living arrangements)와 심리적 고통(psychological distress)과의 관계를 비교하기 위함이다. 이 두 나라의 노인 인구 설문조사는 60세에서 79세 사이에 해당하는 참여자(480명)로 구성되어 있으며, 인구사회학적 특성 및 동거형태와 심리적 고통과의 관계를 알아보기 위하여 위계적 다중회귀분석이 이루어졌다. 연구결과는 미주에 거주하는 '독거(living alone)' 노인의 26.4%와 '배우자와 살고 있는 노인(living with a spouse)'의 7.3%가 '심한' 심리적 고통을 겪고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 반해, 한국에 거주하는 '독거'노인의 20.0%와 '배우자와 살고 있는' 노인의 20.6%가 '심한' 심리적 고통을 겪고 있음으로 나타났다. 계층적 다변량 분석은 미주 한인 독거노인과 한국거주 독거노인 모두 심리적 고통에 통계적으로 유의미한 변수가 아닌 것으로 나타났다. 흥미롭게도 배우자와 살고 있는 노인과 다른 사람(living with others)과 살고 있는 미주 한인노인의 심리적 고통에 유의미한 변수로 나타났으나 한국에 거주하는 노인은 유의미한 변수가 아니었다. 이 연구는 또한 미주 한인 독거노인과 사회적 지지에 대한 상호작용은 통계적으로 유의한 변수로 나타났다. 한국거주의 '부부와 살고 있는 노인'과 사회적지지(social support)와 네트워크(social networks)에 대한 상호작용은 통계적으로 유의미한 변수로 나타났다. 따라서 이 연구는 미국과 한국에 거주하는 노인들의 정신건강에 영향을 미치는 다양한 상황들을 탐색함으로써 기존의 문헌에 기여한다. 이러한 분석결과를 토대로 미주 한인노인과 한국 노인의 심리적 고통을 줄이기 위한 정책적 시사점을 제시하였다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between self-rated health and Activity of Daily Living (ADL) and self-care behavior of rural elderly in Korea, focused on the difference among three distinctive living arrangements; living alone, living only with his/her spouse, and living with their married children. For this purpose, data were gathered from a nationwide survey, a total of 586 elderly aged 65 or older and living in rural area, using the structured questionnaire. Also, self-care behavior were categorized into 4 groups; life-style practice, medical self-care, adaption to functional limitation, and emotional management. The major findings are as follows; 1) Rural elderly perceived their health little and more 'bad' but their ADL capacity were 'not difficult', especially among elderly living with spouse. 2) The level of 20 items in self-care behavior ($1{\sim}5$score) was ranged from 2.51 to 3.81 score. The behavior level of regular exercise, setting up additional phone, taking a nutrient, and testing BP or pulse regularly were low but that of taking a medicine according to prescription, close contact with other people, and regular eating were proportionally high. 3) The majority of self-care behavior were correlated with subjective health positively but medical self-care behavior were correlated with subjective health or ADL negatively. Based on these results, policy implications are discussed.

• 한국노년학
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.691-706
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• 2020

이 연구의 목적은 중노년기 한국 성인남녀의 건강행동프로파일을 살펴보고, 거주형태에 따라 건강행동프로파일이 유의하게 다른지를 살펴보는 것이다. 이를 위해 한국고령화패널 6차(2016) 조사에 응답한 55세 이상 7,405명을 대상으로, 잠재프로파일분석을 통해 건강행동프로파일의 유형을 살펴보았으며, 거주형태 (독거, 부부가구, 그 외 가족동거가구)와 사회인구학적 변인과 건강행동프로파일 유형간의 관계를 살펴보기 위해 다항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 주된 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구참여자들은 "고수준 건강유해행동유형 (4%)" "중간수준 건강유해행동유형(28%)" "저수준 건강유해행동유형(65%)" "높은 신체활동유형(3%)"의 4가지 건강 행동프로파일로 유형화되었다. 거주형태와 건강행동유형간의 차이를 살펴 본 결과, 홀로 사는 경우에 비해 부부가 함께 사는 경우 높은 신체활동유형에 비해 저수준 및 중간수준의 건강유해행동 유형에 속할 가능성이 높았다. 가족원과 함께 사는 경우, 부부만 사는 경우에 비해, 높은 신체활동 유형에 비해 고수준 건강유해행동유형에 속할 가능성이 높았다. 이러한 결과는 건강 증진 프로그램이나 지원 서비스 등을 개발하는데 있어 프로그램 참여자의 거주형태를 고려할 필요가 있음을 보여준다. 또한, 다양한 사회인구학적 특성이나 수요에 따른 정책적 개입이 필요함을 시사한다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제48권9호
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• pp.13-25
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• 2010

This study examined the effects of individual, family, and career characteristics on retirees' life satisfaction and investigated the interactive effect of gender on the relations between retirement and life satisfaction. Data were drawn from 2 waves of Korean Retirement and Income Study (KReIS). The analytic sample included 158 retired men and 145 retired women in the second wave and all of whom had worked at the first wave. The results indicated that psychological and physical health conditions significantly affected retirees' life satisfaction. Also, family characteristics in terms of a spouse's work status and children's developmental stages, such as marriage and employment, influenced retirees' life satisfaction. Financial support from adult children living elsewhere also significantly affected retiree's life satisfaction. The interaction effect of gender was only found in effects of living arrangement (living alone/with a spouse vs. multiple generations living together) on retirees' life satisfaction.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2002

This paper aims to analyze the changes in the living arrangements of the elderly in Chejoo-do for the elderly housing supply by using census data. The conclusions are as follows; The rate of living alone and living with spouse only of the elderly have been increasing. The trend in county was higher than that in city. Living alone rate of the elderly of Chejoo-do was higher than that of Korean average. Even in the oldest old, living alone rate has been increasing in Chejoo-do. It is a unique phenomenon in Korea and similar with U.S. In Chejoo-do, it is strongly required to evolve elderly housing by universal design for living alone elderly in county as well as for living alone elderly in city.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.43-65
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• 2007

This research aims at finding out how spare time activity, relationships with their children and loneliness affect the satisfaction of life of elderly people who have no spouse. To begin, according to the survey, in the case of elderly people who have no spouse, male elderly people feel more loneliness, lower unification with their offspring, and do less activity in their spare time than female elderly people. The elderly people with a higher educational level, feel less loneliness and have a close relationship with their offspring. When elderly people believe in a religion, they participate in positive activities in their spare time and have a higher satisfaction of life. Secondly, the less the elderly people have for a monthly income, the more they feel a deep sense of isolation. However, if the elderly have a sufficient monthly income, they spend their spare time on positive activities and feel a higher sense of satisfaction in their lives. These results show that economic situation is an important factor for elderly people to maintain good mental health and a good quality of life. Thirdly, the loneliness of elderly people who have no spouse was influenced by whether the elderly people have children or not. If an elderly person loses their spouse through death, they can find themselves in a desperate situation and feeling very isolated. Most elderly people who have no spouse want to live with their offspring and depend on their sons and daughters economically and psychologically. However, the elderly people living alone have lower satisfaction of life because of economic and psychological problems. Therefore, the results shows that the life satisfaction of elderly people who have no spouse was influenced by living with their children and having a close relationship with them. The elderly people who have no spouse feel hopelessness and rely increasingly on their sons and daughters. The elderly people who don't have a sufficient monthly income not only feel more loneliness than other elderly people, but are also restricted in their spare time activities. It proves that the economic situation(monthly income) is also an important factor to maintain personal relationships.