• 대한수의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.71-78
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• 1969

The present studies were undertaken to determine accurately whether Korean native fresh-water shrimps can serve as the second intermediate host of Clonorchis sinensis. The experimental results obtained were as follows; 1. Metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis was not discovered in 36 Macrobranchium nipponensis (De Hann), 1992 Palaemon paucidens (De Hann) and Palaemon madestus Heller, and 860 Caridina leucastica Stimpson, collected in Kimhae district, which were digested in artificial gastric juice, using binocular dissecting microscope. 2. Cercariae of the Chinese liver fluke could not approach the body wall of young shrimps due to streaming caused by their motion. 3. Young Palaemon spp. of 247 were divided into two groups and placed in two different room aquariums, one is at high temperature, the other is normal. Then they were contacted with the cercariae. Only 11 degenerated metacercariae were found in 9 Palaemon spp. It was suggested that they had died immediately or within a few days after penetration. Furthermore the temperature did not affect the infective ratio. 4. At the field experimental aquarium, no metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis was discovered tn 100 Palaemon spp. which had been brought into contact with 5000 Parafossarulus manchouricus two trials. 5. Specific changes in the cercariae mixed with the extract of shrimps meat were not observed through the dissecting microscope. 6. These results suggest that the Korean native shrimps cannot serve as the intermediate host of Clonorchis sinensis.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2018

The presence of pathogens in wild fish is a potential threat to the fish being raised nearby fish farm. Surveillance of these pathogens in the wild is, thus, highly important to keep fish in the farm safe from serious communicable diseases. Fish and crustacean were sampled 4 times at Soyang Lake in 2016. Pathogens for five reportable communicable diseases including KHVD (koi herpesvirus disease), SVC (spring viraemia of carp), EUS (epizootic ulcerative syndrome) and WSD (white spot disease), and parasites were investigated. In Soyang Lake, pale chub Zacco platypus was the most abundant. Forty seven pale chub, 8 Korea piscivorous chub Opsarichthys uncirostris, 3 oily shiner Sarcocheilichthys variegatus wakiyae and 2 crucian carp Cyprinus carassius were investigated for detection of target diseases of fish. Seventeen Caridina denticulata denticulata, 12 Oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense and 1 Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis were used for detection of WSD. As the result, reportable communicable diseases were not detected in all the freshwater animals. Dactylogyrus was detected in Korea piscivorous chub. Copepoda was also detected in pale chub and Korea piscivorous chub. Metacercaria was detected in the pale chub sampled in September and October. Those were not metacercaria of liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.207-217
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• 2008

This study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of fascioliasis of slaughtered and farmed cattle in Gwangju area from February to November in 2007. A total of 1,000 cattle fecal samples were collected from slaughter houses (n=805) and farms (n=185). Twelve (1.2%) were found as positive cases with excretion of the egg of Fasciola spp in the fecal specimens, and 128 (12.8%) were positive in intestinal parasitism using the flotation and sedimentation procedures. The infection rate of fluke larvae from the slaughtered cattle at abattoirs in Gwangju was 0.75% (6 out of 805 heads). In histopathology, there were several liver lesions such as inflammation with infiltration of eosinophil, polymorphonuclear cells, mononuclear cells and multinucleated giant cells, proliferation of connective tissue, calcification and abscess formation.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.299-302
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• 2019

A clonorchiasis case in a captive leopard cat, Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus, was confirmed by ultrasonographic findings and egg morphologies found in the bile juice sample in the Korea. The leopard cat was introduced from the wild habitat of Gyeongsangnam-do, to Cheongju Zoo in Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea in August 2014. Physical examinations were basically performed for quarantine and check-up health. The cat was comparatively good in health except anorexia. The cyst-like bile duct dilation and the increased echogenicity of gall bladder wall and hepatic parenchyma were observed by ultrasonography. Ultrasound-guided needle biopsy was conducted for collecting bile juice and the specimens were observed under light microscope. The numerous small trematode eggs were detected in the bile juice sample of the light microscopy. The eggs were $25-33(28{\pm}3){\mu}m$ by $18-22(20{\pm}1){\mu}m$ in size and showed typical characteristics of Clonorchis sinensis egg, i.e., a dominantly developed operculum, shoulder rim and dust-like wrinkles in surface. To treat the liver fluke infection, 20 mg/kg of praziquantel was orally administered only once to the case. Follow-up studies including fecal examinations were conducted during 2 years after treatment. But no more eggs were detected from the case. In the present study, we described the first clonorchiasis case of leopard cat, which was confirmed by ultrasonographic findings and egg morphologies from the bile juice sample in Korea.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2001

한국은 간흡충증의 집중유행지역이고 성인에서의 간흡충증과 합병증의 보고는 많이 있었으나 소아의 경우 보고가 없었다. 본 증례는 8세 소아의 대변검사에서 충란을 발견하여 간흡충증을 진단하였다. 방사선 검사 소견에서는 이전에 보고된 전형적인 간흡충증의 방사선 소견과는 달리 간내 말초담도계의 확장 없이 간실질에 다발성의 저음영 결절과 간문맥내에 임파선 증식을 보였다. 저자들은 환아의 과거력 및 임상증상과 말초혈액 검사소견 등을 미루어 볼 때, 이러한 소견을 간흡충 감염에서 급성기의 방사선학적 소견이 아닌가 추정하였다. 이에 8세 남아의 대변검사에서 충란을 발견하여 확진하고 praziquantel 경구복용으로 치유한 1례를 보고하는 바이다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.306-315
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• 2019

한강 하구는 오염물질과 병원성 미생물의 유입 및 확산 가능성으로 인해 이곳에 서식하는 수산생물에 피해가 발생할 수 있다. 하지만 지금까지 이 지역 서식 생물에 대한 법정전염병 병원체 감염 여부가 조사된 자료는 찾아보기 힘들다. 본 연구에서는 한강 하구 전류리에 서식하는 수산 생물 중 잉어과 어류와 갑각류를 대상으로 법정전염병(잉어봄바이러스병, SVC; 잉어허피스바이러스병, KHVD; 유행성궤양증후군, EUS; 흰반점병, WSD) 및 기생충의 감염 여부를 조사하였다. 전류리 유역에서 채집된 어류는 잉어과 어류가 가장 많았으며 주연성 어류와 일차 담수어가 같이 관찰되었고, 갑각류는 해산종이 채집되었다. 채집된 잉어과 어류와 갑각류에 대해 PCR을 이용한 법정전염병 검사 결과 이들 질병에 감염된 개체는 없었다. 기생충성 질병 검사 결과 공중보건상 위협요인인 간흡충이 검출되지는 않았지만 일부 어류에서 다른 흡충류의 metacercaria와 nematode, cestode, copepod, 단생충 및 구두충 등의 감염을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과는 아직 한강 하구가 주요 수산생물 전염병 병원체에 심각하게 오염되지 않았음을 의미한다. 그러나 한강의 수질 상태는 지속적으로 변화하고 수서 생태계에 대한 전염병의 파괴력은 예측하기 힘들 정도로 위험하므로, 지속적인 방역 노력이 진행되어야 할 것이다. 이를 위해 조사 지역을 전류리뿐만 아니라 이곳보다 상류로 확대하고 조사 개체 수를 늘려서 질병모니터링을 실시할 필요성이 제기된다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권6호
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• pp.703-710
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• 2013

To increase public health awareness for prevention of opisthorchiasis caused by eating raw freshwater fish, the distribution and abundance of Opisthorchis viverrini metacercariae (OV MC) was investigated in freshwater fish obtained from 20 provinces in northeastern Thailand between April 2011 and February 2012. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 12,890 fish consisting of 13 species randomly caught from 26 rivers, 10 dams, and 38 ponds/lakes. Fish, were collected in each of the rainy and winter seasons from each province. Fish were identified, counted, weighed, and digested using pepsin-HCl. Samples were examined for OV MC by a sedimentation method, and metacercariae were identified under a stereomicroscope. OV MC were found in 6 species of fish; i.e., Cyclocheilichthys armatus, Puntius orphoides, Hampala dispar, Henicorhynchus siamensis, Osteochilus hasselti, and Puntioplites proctozysron from localities in 13 provinces. Among the sites where OV MC-infected fish were found, 70.0% were dams, 23.7% were ponds/lakes, and 7.7% were rivers. The mean intensity of OV MC ranged from 0.01 to 6.5 cysts per fish (or 1.3-287.5 cysts per kg of fish). A high mean intensity of OV MC per fish (>3 cysts) was found in 5 provinces: Amnat Charoen (6.5 cysts), Nakhon Phanom (4.3), Mukdahan (4.1), Khon Kaen, (3.5) and Si Sa Ket (3.4). In conclusion, OV MC are prevalent in natural cyprinid fish, with the infection rate varying according to fish species and habitats.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.299-304
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• 2014

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a malignancy of biliary duct with a very poor prognosis, is the leading cause of cancer death in countries of the Mekong subregion. Liver fluke infection is the main etiological factor, but genetic variation has been recognized as also important in conferring susceptibility to CCA risk. Nuclear factor (erythroid derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) is a key transcription factor in detoxification and antioxidant defense. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that genetic polymorphisms in the NRF2 gene may be associated with cancer development. The objectives of this study were to investigate the association of NRF2 genetic polymorphism with CCA risk and to evaluate the influence of the NRF2 genotype on survival time of affected patients. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the NRF2 gene, including rs6726395: A/G, rs2886161: C/T, rs1806649: C/T, and rs10183914: C/T, were analyzed using TaqMan$^{(R)}$ SNP genotyping assays. Among 158 healthy northeastern Thai subjects, the allele frequencies were 41, 62, 94, and 92%, respectively. The correlation of NRF2 SNPs and CCA risk was analyzed in the 158 healthy subjects and 198 CCA patients, using unconditional logistic regression. The results showed that whereas the NRF2 SNPs were not associated with CCA risk (p>0.05), Kaplan-Meier analysis of 88 intrahepatic CCA patients showed median survival time with rs6726395 genotypes of GG and AA/AG to be $344{\pm}138$ (95%CI: 73-615) days and $172{\pm}37$ (95%CI: 100-244) days, respectively, (p<0.006). On multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, the GG genotype of rs6726395 was found to be associated with longer survival with a hazard ratio of 0.54 (95%CI: 0.31-0.94). In addition, non-papillary adenocarcinoma was associated with poor survival with a hazard ratio of 2.09 (95%CI: 1.16-3.75). The results suggest that the NRF2 rs6726395 polymorphism can be a potential prognostic biomarker for CCA patients.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 1991

간흡충의 충체 부위별 항원성을 알아보고자 면역조직화차적 방법을 이용하여 간흡충의 소화기관, 생식기관, 배설기관, 흡반, 표피 등의 염색강도를 비교 관찰하였다. 간흡충 실험 감염 후 2~8주 된 토끼에서 담관 내 충체를 포함하는 간 조직을 얻어 중성 포르말린 용액에 고정하고 파라핀으로 포매한 다음 4 $\mu\textrm{m}$두께로 잘라 항원으로 이용하였다. 항-간흡충 항체(1차 항체)는 실험 감염 10주 된 고양이 혈청을 희석하여 사용하였고 peroBidaseconjugated goat anti-cat IgG를 2차 항체로 하여 간접 면역효소 염색을 시행하였다. 가장 적합한 1차 항체의 희석 농도는 1 : 1,000~1 : 2,000, 2차 항체의 희석 농도는 1 : 1,000이었다. 충체의 장 상피세포, 장 내용물 및 배설낭은 1차 항체 희석 농도 1 : 1,000~1 : 2,000에서 강한 양성 반응을 보인 반면, 자궁 및 일부 자궁 내 충란, 난관선, 웅성 생식기관 등은 1차 항체 회석 농도 1 : 1,000에서 미약한 양성 반응을 나타내었다. 한편, 흡반, 표피, 표피하 세포, 충체 실질 등은 1차 항체 회석 농도 1 : 1,000에서도 음성 반응을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면, 간흡충 감염시 숙주의 항체 반응은 충체의 소화-분비 기관에서 유래된 이른바 분비-배설 항원에 의해 가자 강력하게 유발되는 것으로 추측된다.