Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Investigation of Reportable Communicable Diseases and Parasites in Aquatic Organisms Living in the Estuary of the Han River

한강 하구에 서식하는 수산생물의 법정전염병 및 기생충 감염 조사

  • Kim, Jin Hui (Department of Aquatic Life Medical Sciences, Sunmoon University) ;
  • Song, Jun Young (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Sciences (NIFS)) ;
  • Lee, Jung-Ho (Inland Aquaculture Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Sciences (NIFS)) ;
  • Hur, Jun Wook (Faculty of Marine Applied Biosciences, Aquaculture and Aquatic Science major, Kunsan National University) ;
  • Kwon, Se Ryun (Department of Aquatic Life Medical Sciences, Sunmoon University) ;
  • Kwon, Joon Yeong (Department of Aquatic Life Medical Sciences, Sunmoon University)
  • 김진희 (선문대학교 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 송준영 (국립수산과학원 내수면양식연구센터) ;
  • 이정호 (국립수산과학원 내수면양식연구센터) ;
  • 허준욱 (군산대학교 해양생명응용과학부 해양생명과학전공) ;
  • 권세련 (선문대학교 수산생명의학과) ;
  • 권준영 (선문대학교 수산생명의학과)
  • Received : 2019.09.07
  • Accepted : 2019.11.08
  • Published : 2019.12.31
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Abstract

The estuary of the Han River constantly suffers from pollutants and pathogenic microorganisms which could cause serious damage to aquatic organisms living there. Despite of this potential risk, it is hard to find any reliable scientific reports on the status of reportable disease infection to the organisms living in this area. In this study, cyprinid fish and crustaceans in Jeonryu-ri, a region of the Han River estuary, were investigated for the infection by representative reportable communicable diseases(SVC, spring viraemia of carp; KHVD, koi herpesvirus disease; EUS, epizootic ulcerative syndrome; WSD, white spot disease) and parasites. Peripheral fish and primary freshwater fish were observed in Jeonryu-ri with cyprinid caught most frequently. Crustaceans were mostly marine species. No positive bands to any of the reportable diseases were produced in any of the fish and crustacean examined in this study by PCR. No trace of Clonorchis sinensis, a liver fluke potential threat to human health, was detected in any of fish samples. However, many fish were infected by metacecaria of other flukes, and other various parasites such as nematode, cestode, copepod, monosite and acanthocephalan. These results suggest that important aquatic organisms in the Han River estuary is not seriously polluted yet. However, it is important to keep monitoring the diseases since the water quality in this region is constantly changing, and devastating influence of infectious diseases is unpredictable. Further, it is required to expand monitoring area toward upstream and increase the number of fish for examination.

한강 하구는 오염물질과 병원성 미생물의 유입 및 확산 가능성으로 인해 이곳에 서식하는 수산생물에 피해가 발생할 수 있다. 하지만 지금까지 이 지역 서식 생물에 대한 법정전염병 병원체 감염 여부가 조사된 자료는 찾아보기 힘들다. 본 연구에서는 한강 하구 전류리에 서식하는 수산 생물 중 잉어과 어류와 갑각류를 대상으로 법정전염병(잉어봄바이러스병, SVC; 잉어허피스바이러스병, KHVD; 유행성궤양증후군, EUS; 흰반점병, WSD) 및 기생충의 감염 여부를 조사하였다. 전류리 유역에서 채집된 어류는 잉어과 어류가 가장 많았으며 주연성 어류와 일차 담수어가 같이 관찰되었고, 갑각류는 해산종이 채집되었다. 채집된 잉어과 어류와 갑각류에 대해 PCR을 이용한 법정전염병 검사 결과 이들 질병에 감염된 개체는 없었다. 기생충성 질병 검사 결과 공중보건상 위협요인인 간흡충이 검출되지는 않았지만 일부 어류에서 다른 흡충류의 metacercaria와 nematode, cestode, copepod, 단생충 및 구두충 등의 감염을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과는 아직 한강 하구가 주요 수산생물 전염병 병원체에 심각하게 오염되지 않았음을 의미한다. 그러나 한강의 수질 상태는 지속적으로 변화하고 수서 생태계에 대한 전염병의 파괴력은 예측하기 힘들 정도로 위험하므로, 지속적인 방역 노력이 진행되어야 할 것이다. 이를 위해 조사 지역을 전류리뿐만 아니라 이곳보다 상류로 확대하고 조사 개체 수를 늘려서 질병모니터링을 실시할 필요성이 제기된다.

Keywords

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