• 제목/요약/키워드: liquid food

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액체국에 의한 숙성고추장의 유리아미노산과 유리당의 함량 (Free Amino Acid and Free Sugar Contents of Liquid Koji Kochujang)

  • 이택수;박성오;궁성실
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.7-10
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    • 1984
  • 액체국(70%, 50%, 30%의 대체구)과 고체국(대조구)을 사용하여 제조한 3개월 숙성고추장의 유리아미노산과 유리당을 분석하였다. 모든 시험고추장에서 글루탐산, 리진, 아스파르트산의 함량이 가장 놓았고 메티오닌, 히스티닌, 트립토판이 가장 낮았다 . 총 유리아미노산 함량은 대조구, 70%대체구, 50%대체구, 30%대체구의 순으로 높았다. 프럭토오스와 람노오스는 모든 시험구에서 검출되었으나 글루코오스는 대조구와 70%대체구에 서만 검출되었다. 유리당 중 프럭토오스는 가장 많은 함량을 나타내었으며 총 유리당 함량은 대조구와 70%대체구가 높았다.

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액체국에 의한 숙성 고추장의 지방산 및 알콜조성 (Composition of Fatty Acids and Alcohols in Liquid Koji Kochujang)

  • 이택수;박성오;궁성실
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.165-168
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    • 1984
  • 담금수의 70. 50, 30%를 액체국으로 대체하여 $25^{\circ}C$에서 3개월간 숙성시킨 고추장의 지방산 조성과 알콜 함량은 다음과 같다. 팔미트산. 올레산, 리놀렌산은 모든 고추장에서 검출되었고 미리스트산, 스테아르산, 리놀렌산은 70%와 50% 액체국 고추장에서만 검출되었다. 조성별로는 리놀레산이 $58.47{\sim}83.39%$로 어느 시험구나 월등히 높았고 다음이 올레산, 팔미트산 이었으나 리놀렌산, 미리스트산, 스테아르산은 각각 3%미만 이었다. 고추장의 알콜로서는 에틸알콜. 이소부틸알콜, 이소아밀알콜이 모든 시험구에서 검출되었고 이 소프로필알콜은 대조구와 30% 액체국 고추장에서만 검출되었다. 함량별로는 이소부틸알콜은 대조구에서, 이소아밀알골은 50%대체구에서 높게 나타났으나 에틸알콜은 시험구간에 차이가 없는 편이었다.

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액체식품의 밀도예측을 위한 모델링 (Modeling for the Prediction of Liquid Food Density)

  • 최용희
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.133-139
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    • 1988
  • 액체 식품의 밀도를 예측할 수 있는 모델을 온도와 그 식품의 주요성분의 조성의 함수로 발전시키기 위하여 액체식품의 주요성분을 다음과 같이 water, protein, fat, carbohydrate, fiber, ash등 6가지 성분으로 분류하였고, 다시 세분하면 16가지의 주요성분을 분리 준비하여 그중 분말로 준비된 시료는 증류수를 사용하여 3종류의 서로 다른 농도의 현탁액을 만들어서 volumetric pycnometer를 사용하여 $0^{\circ}C$에서 $100^{\circ}C$의 온도범위에서 밀도를 측정하였다. 측정된 값으로부터 주어진 온도에서 각 순수성분의 밀도를 계산하였으며 이때 순수한 성분의 밀도는 온도의 증가에 따라 1차 함수의 관계로 감소한다는 사실을 알게 되었다. 계산된 밀도값으로부터 $0^{\circ}C$에서 $100^{\circ}C$의 온도범위에서 각 순수성분의 밀도 예측 모델의 계수를 OPT subroutine을 사용하여 결정하였다. 그리하여 Table 14 혹은 Table 15에 나타난 식을 활용하여 주어진 온도와 조성에서 액체식품의 밀도를 예측할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

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Comparison of Sensory Traits and Preferences between Food Co-product Fermented Liquid (FCFL)-fed and Formula-fed Pork Loin

  • Sasaki, Keisuke;Nishioka, Terumi;Ishizuka, Yuzuru;Saeki, Mao;Kawashima, Tomoyuki;Irie, Masakazu;Mitsumoto, Mitsuru
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제20권8호
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    • pp.1272-1277
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    • 2007
  • Sensory traits and preferences regarding food co-product fermented liquid (FCFL)-fed pork loin were compared with those of formula-fed pork. The FCFL-fed pork was expected to have improved fat meltability. Thirty-nine laboratory panelists took part in a sensory test. The fat meat and the lean meat of FCFL-fed pig were judged more meltable and tender, respectively, than the corresponding meat from the formula-fed pig. These sensory traits agreed closely with the results of a mechanical investigation of fat melting patterns and with Warner-Bratzlar shear force values. However, the overall preference was not significantly associated with sensory fat meltability and meat tenderness, as assessed by chi-square and correspondence analyses, but it was significantly related to the whole fat preference and the fat texture preference. The fat texture preference, however, did not correlate with sensory fat meltability. These results indicated that FCFL feeding altered sensory fat meltability in pork loin, but the preference for such meltable fat differed among individual panelists.

남은 음식물의 습식효모배양에서 영양물질첨가가 효모증식에 미치는 영향 (Influence of Nutrient Addition in the Liquid Yeast Fermentation of Pulverized Food Wastes)

  • 이기영;유성진;채희정
    • 유기물자원화
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.49-55
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    • 2001
  • 남은 음식물을 갈아 액상으로 만든 기질을 이용하여 생효모를 함유한 생균제제사료(probiotics)를 생산하기 위해 효모의 호기적 액상발효를 시도하였다. 기질의 영양조성의 최적화를 위해 미리 진탕배양한 결과를 토대로 액상의 남은 음식물 기질에 우레아($0.5g/{\ell}$), 당밀($4g/{\ell}$), O-phosphate($0.4g/{\ell}$), yeast extract($1g/{\ell}$)를 첨가하여 2리터 용량의 발효기를 이용하여 Kluyveromyces marxianus와 Aspersillus. oryzae를 접종하여 통기발효 시킨 결과 12시간 내에 $1.4{\times}10^{10}/liter$의 생균효모농도를 얻을 수 있었다.

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Possibilities of Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS)-Based Metabolomics and Lipidomics in the Authentication of Meat Products: A Mini Review

  • Harlina, Putri Widyanti;Maritha, Vevi;Musfiroh, Ida;Huda, Syamsul;Sukri, Nandi;Muchtaridi, Muchtaridi
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제42권5호
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    • pp.744-761
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    • 2022
  • The liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomic and lipidomic methodology has great sensitivity and can describe the fingerprint of metabolites and lipids in pork and beef. This approach is commonly used to identify and characterize small molecules such as metabolites and lipids, in meat products with high accuracy. Since the metabolites and lipids can be used as markers for many properties of a food, they can provide further evidence of the foods authenticity claim. Chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry is used to separate lipids and metabolites from meat samples. The research data usually is compared to lipid and metabolite databases and evaluated using multivariate statistics. LC-MS instruments directly connected to the metabolite and lipid databases software can be used to assess the authenticity of meat products. LC-MS has good selectivity and sensitivity for metabolomic and lipidomic analysis. This review highlighted the combination of metabolomics and lipidomics can be used as a reference for analyzing authentication meat products.

LC-MS/MS를 이용한 어류 및 갑각류의 잔류 Erythromycin 항생제 분석 (Determination of Residual Erythromycin Antibiotic in Fishery Products by Liquid Chromatography-electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry)

  • 조미라;목종수;이두석;김민정;김풍호
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제42권1호
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    • pp.15-19
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    • 2009
  • A simple and sensitive method for erythromycin quantification by liquid chromatography electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in fishery products was developed. Samples were extracted by liquid-liquid extraction using 70% acetonitrile. Lipids were removed by acetonitrile saturated hexane. LC separation was performed on a Shiseido UG C-18 column ($150\;mm{\times}2.0\;mm$ internal diameter.) with a gradient system of 0.2% acetic acid-acetonitrile containing 0.2% acetic acid as a mobile phase at flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The mass spectrometer was operated in selected reaction monitoring with positive electro-spray interface. Transitions were monitored a m/z $734{\to}577$ and $734{\to}158$, with m/z $734{\to}577$ chosen for quantification. Recovery of erythromycin from fish and shrimp fortified at the 10 ng/mL, 50 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL were 91.6-109.4%, 84.4-111.2% and 98.8-109.6% with high precision, respectively. Limits of quantification and limits of detection of erythromycin in both fish and shrimp were 10.0 ng/mL and 1.0 ng/mL, respectively. This analysis method for erythromycin has been proposed for registration in the Korean Official Methods of Food Analysis and has been utilized for fishery products analysis by the Korea Food and Drug Adminstration and the National Fisheries Products Quality Inspection Service.

Multiclass Method for the Determination of Anthelmintic and Antiprotozoal Drugs in Livestock Products by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

  • Hyunjin Park;Eunjung Kim;Tae Ho Lee;Sihyun Park;Jang-Duck Choi;Guiim Moon
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제43권5호
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    • pp.914-937
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    • 2023
  • The objective of this study was to establish a multi-residue quantitative method for the analysis of anthelmintic and antiprotozoal drugs in various livestock products (beef, pork, and chicken) using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Each compound performed validation at three different levels i.e., 0.5, 1, and 2× the maximum residue limit according to the CODEX guidelines (CAC/GL 71-2009). This study was conducted according to the modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe procedure. The matrix-matched calibrations gave correlation coefficients >0.98, and the obtained recoveries were in the range of 60.2%-119.9%, with coefficients of variation ≤32.0%. Furthermore, the detection and quantification limits of the method were in the ranges of 0.03-3.2 and 0.1-9.7 ㎍/kg, respectively. Moreover, a survey of residual anthelmintic and antiprotozoal drugs was also carried out in 30 samples of beef, pork, and chicken collected in Korea. Toltrazuril sulfone was detected in all three samples. Thus, our results indicated that the developed method is suitable for determining the anthelmintic and antiprotozoal drug contents in livestock products.

전처리 방법에 따른 커피원두 중 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 함량 분석 (Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Content in Coffee Beans with Different Preparation Method)

  • 남혜정;서일원;신한승
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제41권2호
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    • pp.157-161
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    • 2009
  • 원두커피의 PAHs 분석을 위한 시료 전처리는 Soxhlet 추출법과 액/액 추출법 두 가지로 하였다. 두 방법의 간단한 모식도는 Fig. 2을 통해 나타내었다. Soxhlet 추출법을 이용하여 추출한 후 비누화시켜 SPE cartridge로 silica cartridge를 사용하여 효과적으로 정제하였으며, 액/액 추출법은 먼저 비누화를 시킨 후 n-hexane을 이용하여 추출하고 florisil cartridge로 clean up 시킨 후 각각 HPLC-FLD를 사용하여 분석하였다. 이러한 두 가지 방법으로 진행된 실험의 결과 90% 이상의 회수율을 보인 것은 액/액 추출법의 B[a]A, Chrys이었고, 80% 이상의 회수율을 보인 것은 액/액 추출법의 B[b]F, B[k]F, B[a]P, DB[a,h]A과 Soxhlet 추출법의 B[a]A, Chrys으로 나타났으며, 그 외에는 약 70% 정도의 회수율을 나타내었다. 7종의 총 PAHs 회수율은 각각 Soxhlet 추출법은 74.25%이고 액/액 추출법 77.08%로 많은 차이를 보이진 않았지만 액/액 추출법이 더 높은 회수율을 나타내었다. 두 방법 모두에서 Chrys의 회수율이 가장 높았으며, 두 가지 방법을 비교하여 실험한 결과 많은 차이를 보이지는 않았지만 Soxhlet 추출법보다 액/액 추출법이 전처리에 소비되는 시간을 줄일 수 있었으며 또한 액/액 추출법에서 표준물질의 회수율도 높게 나타났다.

Multi-class, Multi-residue Analysis of 59 Veterinary Drugs in Livestock Products for Screening and Quantification Using Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry

  • Yu Ra Kim;Sun Young Park;Tae Ho Lee;Ji Young Kim;Jang-Duck Choi;Guiim Moon
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제41권4호
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    • pp.288-309
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    • 2022
  • BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to develop a comprehensive and simple method for the simultaneous determination of 59 veterinary drug residues in livestock products for safety management. METHODS AND RESULTS: For sample preparation, we used a modified liquid extraction method, according to which the sample was extracted with 80% acetonitrile followed by incubation at -20℃ for 30 min. After centrifugation, an aliquot of the extract was evaporated to dryness at 40℃ and analyzed using liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry. The method was validated at three concentration levels for beef, pork, chicken, egg, and milk in accordance with the Codex Alimentarius Commission/Guidelines 71-2009. Quantitative analysis was performed using a matrix-matched calibration. As a results, at least 52 (77.6%) out of 66 compounds showed the proper method validation results in terms of both recovery of the target compound and coefficient of variation required by Codex guidelines in livestock products. The limit of quantitation of the method ranged from 0.2 to 1119.6 ng g-1 for all matrices. CONCLUSION(S): This method was accurate, effective, and comprehensive for 59 veterinary drugs determination in livestock products, and can be used to investigate veterinary drugs from different chemical families for safety management in livestock products.