• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권4호
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• pp.827-840
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• 2021

Several studies have focused on Ca and P requirements for pigs. These requirements are estimated from their retention and bone formation. However, modern pig breeds have different responses to dietary Ca and P than traditional breeds, and their requirements are expected to change on an annual basis. Besides individual Ca and P needs, the Ca to P ratio (Ca/P) is an important factor in determining requirements. This study aimed to implement a linear and quadratic regression analysis to estimate Ca and P requirements based on average daily gain (ADG), apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of Ca (ATTD-Ca), ATTD of P (ATTD-P), and crude protein (CP) digestibility. Results show that Ca/P had linear and quadratic effects on ADG in the phytase-supplemented (PS) group in both the 6-11 kg and 11-25 kg categories. In the latter category, the CP digestibility was linearly increased in response to increasing Ca/P in the without-phytase (WP) group. In the 25-50 kg category, there was a linear response of ADG and linear and quadratic responses of CP digestibility to Ca/P in the PS group, while a linear and quadratic increase in CP digestibility and a quadratic effect on ATTD-Ca were observed in the WP group. In the 50-75 kg category, Ca/P had significant quadratic effects on ADG in the PS and WP groups, along with significant linear and quadratic effects on ATTD-Ca. In addition, Ca/P had significant quadratic effects on ATTD-P and led to a significant linear and quadratic increase in the CP digestibility in the WP group. In the 75-100 kg category, analysis showed a significant decrease in ATTD-Ca and ATTD-P in the PS and WP groups; in the latter, ATTD-P and ATTD-Ca were linearly decreased by increasing Ca/P. In conclusion, our equations predicted a higher Ca/P in the 6-25 kg bodyweight categories and a lower Ca/P in the 50-100 kg category than that recommended in the literature.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.2813-2816
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• 2011

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제24권1_2호
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• pp.283-293
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• 2007

This paper considers single machine scheduling problems with group technology (GT) and deteriorating jobs. A sequence independent setup is required to process a job from a different group and jobs in each group are processed together. We consider the case of jobs whose processing times are a decreasing function of their starting time. The objectives of scheduling problems are to minimize the makespan and the total completion time, respectively. We also provide polynomial time algorithms to solve these problems.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부 B
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• pp.229-231
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• 2000

Precision control technologies are required for Lithography devices. The Linear BLDC Motor is used for operations of the stage. The stage is installed in Lithography devices. The stage is basically controlled though three directions (x, y, z axes). This paper presents precision control technologies of the Linear BLDC Motor (only one axes) by using computer simulations. We will plan that real systems is made and tested.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.343-354
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• 1992

본 연구의 목적은 여러가지 근관충전법으로 충전된 근관의 폐쇄효과를 정선적 및 정량적으로 측정하여 각 충전법간의 폐쇄효과를 비교하므로써 정선적 측정법 및 정량적 측정법간의 상호 관계를 규명하는데 있다. 108개의 발거된 상악중절치 및 측절치와 상하악 견치에서 치관을 절제하고 통법대로 근관형성한 다음 4개군으로 나누어 제 I 군은 sealer를 사용하고 측방 가압근관충전법으로, 제 II 군은 sealer를 사용하고 저온연화 gutta-percha주입근관충전법으로, 제 III 군은 sealer를 사용하고 Thermafil근관충전법으로 그리고 제 IV 군은 sealer를 사용하지 않고 고온용융 gutta-percha주입근관충전법으로 충전하고 전 시편을 2 % methylene blue 용액 속에 근단부를 1mm담근 채 $37^{\circ}C$ 항온기에서 10일간 경과시켜 근단공을 통한 색소침투를 정선적 및 정량적으로 측정하여 다음의 결과를 얻었다. 정선적 측정에서는 II 군은 III군, I군 및 IV군보다, III군은 IV군보다 유의상 있게 색소침투가 적게 나타났으나 (P<0.05), 그 이외의 군들 상호간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 정량적 측정에서는 II 군이 가장 적게 나타나 I 군 및 IV군과는 유의한 차이가 있었으나 (P<0.05), III군과는 유의한 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 정선적 측정과 정량적 측정과의 사이에는 미약하지만 유의한 상관관계가 있었다(r=0.3391, P<0.001).

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.769-772
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• 2005

Five DOF motion errors of a hydrostatic bearing table driven by the coreless type linear motor were compensated utilizing the active controlled capillaries in this study. Horizontal linear motion and yaw error were simultaneously compensated using two active controlled capillaries and vertical linear motion, pitch and yaw error were also simultaneously compensated using three active controlled capillaries. By the compensation, horizontal linear motion accuracy and yaw were improved from 0.16 ${\mu}m$ and 1.96 arcsec to 0.02 ${\mu}m$ and 0.03 arcsec. Vertical linear motion accuracy, pitch and roll were also largely improved from 0.18 ${\mu}m$, 2.26 arcsec and 0.14 arcsec upto 0.03 ${\mu}m$, 0.07 arcsec and 0.02 arcsec. The compensated motion errors were within the range of measuring repeatability which was ${\pm}0.02\;{\mu}m$ in the linear motion and ${\pm}0.05$ arcsec in the angular motion. From these results, it is found that the motion error compensation method utilizing the active controlled capillaries are very effective to improve the five motion accuracies of the hydrostatic bearing tables.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2004년도 학술발표회
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• pp.204-208
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• 2004

In the forthcoming 21C, the barometer of cultural lives depends on that the water demand will increase or not. On the opposite site of that, the small watersheds will influence directly on how to cover the surface of watersheds with land use, no planning developing watersheds, and the rearrangement of small rivers. Espacially as the exordinary climatic phenomena, water resources and water content of the small watersheds will be confused oil exactly not to make a plan of water resources. This study area has four small watersheds groups in Gangwon-Do Province, that is, group I five small river watersheds including Changchoncheon etc., group II fiver rivers watersheds including to Hwalsanmogicheon etc., group III five small river watersheds including Singicheon etc., group IV including to Sabulanggolcheon etc. According to the land use such as dry field(or farm), ice field, forest land, building lot arid others, in small watersheds, the amount of runoff will be impacted by precipitation. The comparison between the runoff was getting from Kajiyama Formular and calculated runoff from multi-linear regressed equations by land use percentage was performed. Its correlation which was estimated by coefficient of correlation will be accepted or not, as approched 1.00000 values. As the monthly water resources amount is estimated by multi-linear regressed equations, we make a plan to demand and supply the water quantity from small river watersheds during any return periods.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2003

In this paper a two-stage maximum-likelihood (ML) detection structure for group detection in DS/CDMA systems is presented. The first stage of the receiver is a linear filter, aimed at suppressing the effect of the unwanted (i.e., out-of-grout) users' signals, while the second stage is a non-linear block, implementing a ML detection rule on the set of desired users signals. As to the linear stage, we consider both the decorrelating and the minimum mean square error approaches. Interestingly, the proposed detection structure turns out to be a generalization of Varanasi's group detector, to which it reduces when the system is synchronous, the signatures are linerly independent and the first stage of the receiver is a decorrelator. The issue of blind adaptive receiver implementation is also considered, and implementations of the proposed receiver based on the LMS algorithm, the RLS algorithm and subspace-tracking algorithms are presented. These adaptive receivers do not rely on any knowledge on the out-of group users' signals, and are thus particularly suited for rejection of out-of-cell interference in the base station. Simulation results confirm that the proposed structure achieves very satisfactory performance in comparison with previously derived receivers, as well as that the proposed blind adaptive algorithms achieve satisfactory performance.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.279-288
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• 2001

This study investigates the effect of adolescent dining habits on their physical development. We selected 200 students from the three high schools in Taejon, and surveyed with a questionnaire and collected data concerning physique from school health records. The results obtained from this study were as follows: 1. A point of intersection of two development trends of male and female students' heights was between sixth grade of elementary school and first grade of middle school. Two development trends of weights didn't have a point of intersection and male students' development trend of weights was a little higher than that of female students. 2. There were significant differences in the weight and BMI of male students. The 'regular dining' group had heavier weight and higher BMI than the other group, and the 'Eating only favorite food' group had lower weight and BMI than the other group. In female, heights of 'three meals a day' group were higher than that of 'two meals a day' group and the more snacks per day, the higher students' height was. 3. The 'regular exercise' group had significantly heavier weight and higher BMI than the other group amount females. 4. 'Regular dining' and 'Eating habits' had a positive linear relationship with male students' weight and BMI. 'Number of times of snacking' has a positive linear relationships with female students' height and a negative linear relationship with female students' BMI. Since dining habits of adolescents have not only an effect on their development but also later adults' health, to develop good habits of health and dining is a critical issue.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.701-716
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• 2014

The limiting distribution for the linear placement statistics under the null hypotheses has been provided by Orban and Wolfe [9] and Kim [5] when one of the sample sizes goes to infinity, and by Kim, Lee and Wang [6] when the sample sizes of each group go to infinity simultaneously. In this paper we establish the generalized Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance for the linear placement statistics.