• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.45-52
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• 2021

PURPOSE: This study examined the imaging procedure of pectoralis minor muscle thickness and assessed the intra- and inter-rater reliability of the muscle thickness measured by two raters using rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) in healthy individuals. METHODS: Fifteen participants (aged 21 - 28, seven females, and eight males) were involved in the study. The primary rater palpated the coracoid process and the fourth rib, defined as the width of the index finger lateral to the sternum to avoid breast tissues, and lined the two landmarks. The second examiner checked 1 / 3 (1st point) and 1 / 2 (2nd point) of the line length as measurement points. The two raters obtained right side muscle images of the participants at a standardized sitting position using RUSI with a 7.5 MHz linear transducer at 40mm depth. For intra-rater reliability, the principal rater took three images per point and tried to take one more with an interval. For the inter-rater reliability, the other rater performed the same tasks as the principal rater on the same day. The reliability was analyzed using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), the standard error of the measurement (SEM), and Bland and Altman plots. RESULTS: The reliability at all points was excellent for the same rater (ICC_3,1 = .973 - .978, SEM = .042 - .046), and between raters (ICC_2,1 = .939 - .959, SEM = .059 - .097). CONCLUSION: These findings show that the RUSI could be reliable for examining the pectoralis minor muscle thickness in healthy individuals at all measurement sites.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.521-530
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• 2021

Objectives: This was to examine and explore the elements of Size Korea 6th 3D head anthropometric database and to provide basic information for the selection of respirators in Korea. Methods: This was a pilot study for the first year of work in a two-year-project initiated at KOSHA in 2021. 3D head dimensions data were obtained from the Size Korea Center managing the Size Korea 6th 3D national anthropometry survey databases. The 3D head dimensions data, including 45 dimensions, were used in line with ISO standards (e.g., ISO/TS 16976-2) for examinations, comparisons, statistical analyses, etc. Results: A total of 3,088 subjects were finally determined in this study. The main features were: Male subjects were 52.5%; the highest age group was 15-29 at 36.7%; unhealthy weight group based on BMI was 31.7%; and survey area was the capital region. For the 6th 3D head dimensions data with 45 items, the means and standard deviations for 'Face length' were 115.9±7.5 cm for males and 107.3±6.9 cm for females respectively while those for 'Face width' item were not available since there was no such item in the data. Numerous findings were discussed accordingly. Conclusions: This study showed that there were likely requirements for improvements in the 6th 3D head anthropometric data as follows: Standardization of Korean and English terms; addition of head dimensions items missed in the Size Korea survey; and reliability of generalizability for subjects, suggesting that the study results can be used for further studies or improvement of respirator selection in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.357-364
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• 2010

In a previous study, we mapped 12 QTLs for 1,000 grain weight (TGW) in the 172 $BC_2F_2$ lines derived from a cross between Oryza sativa ssp. Japonica cv. Hwaseongbyeo and O. rufipogon. These QTLs explained 5.4 - 11.4% of the phenotypic variance for TGW. Marker-aided selection combined with backcrosses was employed to develop QTL-NILs for each QTL. $BC_2F_2$ lines with each target QTL were backcrossed to Hwaseongbyeo twice and then allowed to self to produce $BC_4F_5$ populations. SSR markers linked to TGW were employed to select QTL-NILs with the respective target QTL. Six QTL-NILs with the recurrent parent, Hwaseongbyeo were evaluated for nine traits for three years from 2007 and 2009. Differences were observed between each of the 6 QTL-NILs and Hwaseongbyeo in TGW. In addition to TGW, these QTL-NILs displayed differences in other agronomic traits possibly indicating a tight linkage of genes controlling these traits. The direction of the QTL for TGW in 6 QTL-NILs was consistent as in the $BC_2F_2$ lines from the same cross. Difference in TGW between each of the QTL-NILs and Hwaseongbyeo was associated with the difference in one or two grain shape traits; grain length, grain width, and grain thickness. SSR markers linked to the QTL for TGW will facilitate selection of the grain shape character in a breeding program to diversify grain shape and provide the foundation for map-based gene isolation. Also, the QTL-NILs developed in this report and the progenies from crosses between the QTL-NILs will be useful in clarifying epistatic interactions among QTLs for TGW.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.717-720
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• 2010

A new cultivar of Euphorbia milii, 'Panorama' was developed at Cactus Research Institute, Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services in 2009. 'Gabi' and 'Maxi' were crossed in 2001 and three $F_1$ seedlings were obtained. Pedigree selection was performed in 2002. One line was finally selected and named as 'Panorama' through the test of specific character from 2007 to 2009. The new cultivar 'Panorama' has green and pink colored bract, and it has 2~3 each of inflorescence number, 2.0 cm of bract width, 4.3 each of lateral shoot and 14.9 cm of plant height. Characters of the cultivar can be maintained by vegetative propagation.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.64-70
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• 2019

In this study, a compact series-fed center-fed open-stub (SFCFOS) linear array antenna for K-band applications is presented. The antenna is composed of a single-line 10-element linear array. A symmetrical Chebyshev amplitude distribution (CAD) is used to obtain a low sidelobe characteristic against a uniform amplitude distribution (UAD). The amplitude is controlled by varying the width of the microstrip patch elements, and open-ended stubs are arranged next to the last antenna element to use the energy of the radiating signal more effectively. We insert a series-fed stub between two patches and obtain a low mutual coupling for a 4.28-mm center-to-center spacing ($0.7{\lambda}$ at 21 GHz). A prototype of the antenna is fabricated and tested. The overall size of the uniform linear array is $7.04{\times}1.05{\times}0.0563{\lambda}_g^3$ and that of the Chebyshev linear array is $9.92{\times}1.48{\times}0.0793{\lambda}_g^3$. The UAD array yields a ${\mid}S_{11}{\mid}$ < -10 dB bandwidth of 1.33% (20.912-21.192 GHz) and 1.45% (20.89-21.196 GHz) for the CAD. The uniform array design gives a -23 dB return loss, and the Chebyshev array achieves a -30.68 dB return loss at the center frequency with gains of 15.3 dBi and 17 dBi, respectively. The simulated and measured results are in good agreement.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.161-168
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• 2019

The purpose of this study analyze consumer usage characteristics and product development guide of electronic pen based on TAM theory(Davies, 1989). Research methods apply contents analysis(qualitative research) and Activity/Inactivity analysis of main consumer participation. Research results are as follows. Active consumer indicated 30-49 age, male, office job and research fellow. And they suggested stable power supply system, App connected pen function extension, add the modified pen function, advanced data recognition of pen, advanced take note ability and stable grip feeling of pen, selected line width, synchronization improvement with other smart device and charging function. These result indicated the importance product improvement diffusion factor of early market to main market. The future research of electric pen focused on different product strategy between electric pen and smart device connected electric pen.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.25-36
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to offer a base line data to facilitate entrance of a Korean fashion company into the Uzbekistan market by conducting a survey of the Uzbekistan students in Korea. This is done in order to gather data on their clothes wearing condition and factors affecting the purchase intention for Korean fashion products. In this study, a survey was conducted to 260 Uzbekistan students in Korea. The results of the study were as follows: 1) Uzbekistan students bought clothes mainly from road shops and the Internet. They bought a lot of pants, shirts, jackets, jumpers, and preferred to wear black, white, blue, and red color. The dissatisfactory parts were shown in order of the width of trousers, the length of the sleeve, and the shoulder. The most unsatisfying products were the pants and T-shirt. 2) They considered the aesthetics of the fashion products evaluation criteria, the human source and the internet advertisement of the fashion information source, and the customer service of the store selection criteria. These students showed very favorable attitude towards Hallyu and Korea. In addition, their preference and purchase intention for KFP were high. 3) The level of satisfaction on 'quality', 'color', and 'care' of KFP were very high, but lowest on the 'size' and 'price' of the clothes. 4) It was revealed that the attitude toward Hallyu and Korea, the satisfaction and preference of KFP, and demographics have a significant impact on the intention toward purchasing fashion products.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.96-112
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• 2018

This study developed the pants pattern, that improved appearance and gesture functions in clothes to resolve inconveniences in case of activities with being adequate in fitness of slim-fit pants for obese adolescents. The slim-fit pants pattern was developed through the fitting test after designing and making the pattern of the experimental clothing A(c/pu; 99/1%) with the primary commercial clothing as basic prototype, through the fitting test and implementation of the experimental clothing, modified and supplemented secondarily, and through the fitting test of the second experimental clothing, modified and supplemented tertiary. In terms of findings, first, as a result of analyzing the commercial slim-fit pants, it is interpreted to have projected an optical illusion, that appears to be slim due to being narrow in width of the front panel when observed from the front of the pants. Second, in the fitting test of the first experimental clothing, the prototype of commercial clothing was understood to have improved butt, crotch, waist and femoral regions. Third, pattern design of the second experimental clothing was allowed to decline abdominal pressure, in case of the sitting position, by making the crotch line in the front panel short and by handling it with a yoke belt, and was processed a difference between waist and hip circumference in the back panel, with a rubber band in the whole waist part. Fourth, in the gesture function test of the third experimental clothing, high evaluation was received in every item excluding the knee region.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.253-264
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• 2019

This study characterized the chemical compounds in tannin from mangium (Acacia mangium) bark extract and determined the physical-mechanical properties of glued laminated timber (glulam) made from sengon (Falcataria moluccana), jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba), and mangium wood. The adhesives used to prepare the glulam were based on mangium tannin and phenol resorcinol formaldehyde resin. Five-layer glulam beams measuring $5cm{\times}6cm{\times}120cm$ in thickness, width, and length, respectively, were made with a glue spread of $280g/m^2$ for each glue line, cold pressing at $10.5kgf/cm^2$ for 4 h and clamping for 20 h. Condensed mangium tannin consisted of 49.08% phenolic compounds with an average molecular weight of 4745. The degree of crystallinity was 14.8%. The Stiasny number was 47.22%. The density and the moisture content of the glulams differed from those of the corresponding solid woods with mangium having the lowest moisture content (9.58%) and the highest density ($0.66g/cm^3$). The modulus of rupture for all glulam beams met the JAS 234-2003 standard but the modulus of elasticity and the shear strength values did not. Glulam beams made with tannin had high delamination under dry and wet conditions, but glulam made from sengon and jabon wood met the standard's requirements. All glulam beams had low formaldehyde emissions and were classified as $F^{****}$ for formaldehyde emissions according to the JAS 234 (2003) standard.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.26-33
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• 2020

This study measured the downward stepping movement relative to weight change (no load, and 10%, 20%, 30% of body weight respectively of adult male (n=10) from standardized stair (rise of 0.3 m, tread of 0.29 m, width of 1 m). The 3-dimensional cinematography and ground reaction force were also utilized for analysis of leg stiffness: Peak vertical force, change in stance phase leg length, Torque of whole body, kinematic variables. The strategy heightened the leg stiffness and standardized vertical ground reaction force relative to the added weights (p<.01). Torque showed rather larger rotational force in case of no load, but less in 10% of body weight (p<.05). Similarly angle of hip joint showed most extended in no-load, but most flexed in 10% of body weight (p<.05). Inclined angle of body trunk showed largest range in posterior direction in no-load, but in vertical line nearly relative to added weights (p<.001). Thus the result of the study proved that downward stepping strategy altered from height of 30 cm, regardless of added weight, did not affect velocity and length of lower leg. But added weight contributed to more vertical impulse force and increase of rigidity of whole body than forward rotational torque under condition of altered stepping strategy. In future study, the experimental on effect of weight change and alteration of downward stepping strategy using ankle joint may provide helpful information for development of enhanced program of prevention and rehabilitation on motor performance and injury.