• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.541-553
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• 2020

Purpose: In spite of the recent application of a general infection control method, central line-associated infections is still relatively high in Korea. Central line bundle with Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) tegaderm dressing was reported to be effective in reducing catheter colonization and central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI). Therefore, this study aimed to examine the incidences of catheter colonization occurrence and CLABSI while using Tegaderm vs. CHG Tegaderm dressings. Methods: We used a descriptive design. 400 patients who had central venous catheters were selected from four hospitals in the Korean National Healthcare-associated Infections Surveillance System. Of all subjects, 200 used Tegaderm™ (Tegaderm group), and the remaining 200 used CHG Tegaderm (CHG Tegaderm group) dressing at the catheter insertion site. Data were analyzed using the χ² test or Fisher's exact test, t-test, and logistic regression analysis using SPSS WIN 21.0. Results: In the Tegaderm and CHG Tegaderm groups, CLABSI incidences were 5.89 and 1.79 per 1,000 catheter-days, catheter colonization incidences were 3.93 and 1.43 per 1,000 catheter-days, and central line bundle compliance rates were 26.0% and 49.0%, respectively. Catheter colonization risk factors were 'reinsertion after failure' and 'Tegaderm dressing' at the central line insertion site. CLABSI risk factors were 'incomplete performance of 7 central line bundle items' and 'Tegaderm dressing' at the central line insertion site. Conclusion: A further prospective study is needed to examine the effects of central line bundle with CHG Tegaderm dressing, avoiding central line reinsertion after failure, and improving the bundle compliance in reducing catheter colonization and CLABSI.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.358-373
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• 1995

The Heat Transport system loop stability of CANDU-6 reactor using the CANFLEX fuel bundle was studied. The Thermal-hydraulic behavior of CANFLEX fuel bundle is similar to the conventional 37-element fuel bundle since the reactor power and the frictional pressure drop through the fuel channel is almost the same each other, Mounter the CANFLEX fuel bundle gives higher critical channel power and more homogeneous enthalpy distributions in the subchannels than 37-element fuel bundle. The SOPHT modelling or the CANFLEX fuel bundle and the Reactor outlet Header(ROH) interconnection line was made and the stability analysis response of Wolsong-1 reactor with CANFLEX fuel bundle was obtained. Without the ROH interconnection line the Heat Transport system loop using 43-element fuel bundle is unstable like the current 37-element fuel bundle. With the ROH interconnection line, however, the Heat Transport system is stable within $\pm$1％ of nominal flow. In the Heat Transport system loop stability point of view for Wolsong-1 plant therefore, the CANFLEX fuel loading is considered to be acceptable.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.508-515
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• 1990

This paper describes the corona characteristics of conductor bundle for EHV transmission line. To reduce the corona noise, the asymmetric conductor bundle to minimize the electric field of the conductor surface is proposed. The charge simulation method is used to formulate the electric field of conductor surface and the optimal arrangement of subconductor to minimize it is selected to apply the nonlinear successive quadratic programming. Through the analytical comparison and the corona cage test, it is proved that the asymmetric conductor bundle proposed in this paper can reduce the average maximum electric field of the phase conductors and the corona noise more than the conventional symmetric conductor bundle and asymmetric conductor bundle by GE.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.671-678
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• 2003

Spacer dampers maintain the constant gaps between each conductor in a bundle conductor-transmission line, and are installed at proper intervals to keep a line from all sorts of damages derived from the vibration energy caused by mechanical or electrical external factors. It is most important to embody a technology which considers difficulties of maintenance and repair, and has optimum elements in order to prevent accidents such as destruction by fire or the snapping of a wire by the effect of vibration phenomenon coming from transmission line. In the present thesis, therefore, the analysis of vibratory characteristics of spacer damper is set up by analytical methods such as the analysis of conductor motion's governing equation, the equation of spacer damper's motion, spacer damper-fastened wire's motion in a span, and the numerical analysis of finite difference method. Furthermore, the installation distance between spacer dampers was scrutinized by simulations of various vibration phenomena which change at any time as actual conditions do, and hereafter we will be able to analyze all kinds of vibration phenomena coming from a boltless spacer damper with 6 bundle conductor for 765 k V transmission line based on new analytical methods.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 2010

The plugging rate of reheater tubes of Wolsung unit 1 nuclear power plant has been increased by corrosion and erosion since 1990. As the dimensions of the new first stage reheater bundle tubes which were supplied by Hanjung company to replace were different from old one, numerical calculations are carried out for flow and heat transfer in the reheater bundle tubes of the N.P.P. Numerical calculations consists of thermal performance, drain line pressure drop, flow change by pressure drop of line, stress analysis of finned tubes and analysis of flow induced vibration. Computational analysis using heat transfer research institute program is adopted to verify the results of the numerical calculations. It contains the evalution of performance in the system with view to location of the new reheater bundle and it shows the differences between the numerical calculation results and heat transfer research institute program output.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.729-736
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• 1997

The subspan oscillation is the most important in bundled transmission lines, which can cause conductor damage and transmission line hardware failures. So it is necessary to analyze the subspan oscillation in details for transmission lines. This paper suggests the basic concept and theoretical analysis method of subspan oscillation for 6 bundle conductor transmission line, which considers wind speed, subspan length and conductor tension. Especially this paper uses a spacer damper model with clamp-arm flexibility and damping characteristics. Theoretical analysis results are proposed.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.57-66
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• 2019

Purpose - This study aimed at investigating the process of inducing the effect of green self-expressive motive and the fit between green premium and product on consumer's intent to purchase the bundle product with the green premium. Research design, data, and methodology - The questionnaire for on-line survey built at Google Forms was spread out via popular social media sites. 243 responses from the on-line survey were used for testing the hypotheses. Structural equation model of Amos 21.0 was used to verify hypotheses. Results and Conclusions - Green self-expressive motive positively influenced on not only the perceived value for green premium but also attitude toward the bundle. However, the fit between green premium and product had positive impact only on the perceived value for green premium. The perceived value was proved to positively influence on the attitude toward the bundle, which in turn increased the purchase intention, even with the positive effects of the product attitude as covariate on the intention. Therefore, marketers should choose target customers who have high level of green self-expressive motive and feel the fit, and pay attention to the green premium to help the customers perceive more values for the green premium. They should develop green premium product for conducting marketing effectively.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.105-114
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• 2011

In this paper, we classify (C, $\cal{L}$) such that a smooth curve C of genus g has a nonspecial very ample line bundle $\cal{L}$ of deg $\cal{L}$ = 2g-2-a failing to be normally generated, in terms of the number a.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.991-1001
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• 2015

In this work we obtain conditions for nonspecial line bundles on general ${\kappa}$-gonal curves failing to be normally generated. Let L be a nonspecial very ample line bundle on a general ${\kappa}$-gonal curve X with ${\kappa}{\geq}4$ and $deg\mathcal{L}{\geq}{\frac{3}{2}}g+{\frac{g-2}{{\kappa}}}+1$. If L fails to be normally generated, then L is isomorphic to $\mathcal{K}_X-(ng^1_{\kappa}+B)+R$ for some $n{\geq}1$, B and R satisfying (1) $h^0(R)=h^0(B)=1$, (2) $n+3{\leq}degR{\leq}2n+2$, (3) $deg(R{\cap}F){\leq}1$ for any $F{\in}g^1_k $. Its converse also holds under some additional restrictions. As a corollary, a very ample line bundle $\mathcal{L}{\simeq}\mathcal{K}_X-g^0_d+{\xi}^0_e$ is normally generated if $g^0_d{\in}X^{(d)}$ and ${\xi}^0_e{\in}X^{(e)}$ satisfy $d{\leq}{\frac{g}{2}}-{\frac{g-2}{\kappa}}-3$, supp$(g^0_d{\cap}{\xi}^0_e)={\phi}$ and deg$(g^0_d{\cap}F){\leq}{\kappa}-2$ for any $F{\in}g^1_k$.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.40-50
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• 2002

A traditional agent was difficult to upgrade and to add MIB implementation code to it because most SNMP agent designs had MIB that was not a self-contained module. To solve this problem, we design the SNMP agent bundle composed of remotely uploadable SNMP agent core bundle and MIB Bundle Also, downloadable server bundle and user administration bundle is added to SNMP agent bundle to download MIB bundle from bundle server. By designing MB-MIB, we enable the network manager to monitor status of MIB bundle on managed devices. The network manager is allowed to install and upgrade the SNMP module or MIB remotely on line. This is the major benefit of designing the SNMP agent bundle based on OSGi. Finally, we expect the network manager to reduce time and expenses in managing enormous networks by using the SNMP agent bundle.