• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1253-1258
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• 2012

Two phenolic allopyranosides and two phenolic amide allopyranosides, along with eight known phenolic compounds, including cimicifugic acids, shomaside B, fukiic acid, isoferulic acid, and piscidic acid, were isolated from the n-butanolic extract of rhizomes of Cimicifuga heracleifolia. On-line spectroscopic data for UV, NMR, and MS from a combination of LC-NMR and LC-MS techniques directly and rapidly provided sufficient structural information to identify and confirm all the structures of major phenolic compounds in the extract, in addition to their HPLC profiles. This combined analytic information was then used as a dereplication tool for structure-guided screening in order to isolate unknown phenolic compounds in the extract. Successive fractionation and purification using semi-preparative HPLC acquired four unknown allopyranosides, and their structures were identified as cis-ferulic acid 4-O-${\beta}$-D-allopyranoside, trans-ferulic acid 4-O-${\beta}$-D-allopyranoside, trans-feruloyltyramine 4-O-${\beta}$-D-allopyranoside, and trans-feruloyl-(3-O-methyl)dopamine 4-O-${\beta}$-D-allopyranoside, based on a subsequent spectroscopic interpretation.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.85-111
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• 2011

This study has the purpose to measure the multidimensional poverty in Korea by the counting approach which was theorized by Alkire and Foster to overcome problems of unidimensional approach, union method and intersection method for the identification of the multidimensional poor. By the counting approach applying to Welfare Panel in Korea during 2006-2008, the head-count ratio of the multidimensional poverty was measured. When 3 dimensions are applied as a dimension poverty line, the multidimensional poverty rate was 20% in 2008. It was due to broad deprivations in assets, social securities, income and health. Vulnerable classes such as single parent families, low-education level group, the aged, economically non-active population were among the severe poverty rates, which were reaching around 50%. The analysis reveals the possible alternative to change the present public assistance program to the robust approach of multidimensional poverty measurement, the counting approach. Social policies to reduce poverty in Korea would gain expected positive outcome with the various approaches based on the concepts of multidimensional poverty.

• Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 1999

From refraction data along four seismic profiles near Eonyang which the Yangsan fault passes through, the Slope Variation Indicators (SVI) are computed and interpreted in terms of fault distribution. The average velocities of 2,250-2,870 m/s are estimated using velocity-analysis functions for the target boundary along those profiles. The average velocity for Line 1 is approximately 600 m/s lower than ones for the other lines. The SVI's with amplitude greater than or equal to 0.5 ms/m are turned out to be located near faults shown on the high-resolution reflection section, as closely as one station spacing (3 m). Large amplitude SVI's are densely distributed near National Road 35, and the fault having the largest vertical slip is indicated to be located approximately 930 m west of the inferred fault on the published geologic map.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2017

Background: Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) is a well-known medicinal plant of Oriental medicine that is still in practice today. Until now, a total of 11 Korean ginseng cultivars with unique features to Korean ginseng have been developed based on the pure-line-selection method. Among them, a new cultivar namely G-1 with different agricultural traits related to yield and content of ginsenosides, was developed in 2012. Methods: The aim of this study was to distinguish the new ginseng cultivar G-1 by identifying the unique single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at its 45S ribosomal DNA and Panax quinquefolius region than other Korean ginseng cultivars using multiplex amplification-refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR). Results: A SNP at position of 45S ribosomal DNA region between G-1, P. quinquefolius, and the other Korean ginseng cultivars was identified. By designing modified allele-specific primers based on this site, we could specifically identified G-1 and P. quinquefolius via multiplex PCR. The unique primer for the SNP yielded an amplicon of size 449 bp in G-1 cultivar and P. quinquefolius. This study presents an effective method for the genetic identification of the G-1 cultivar and P. quinquefolius. Conclusion: The results from our study shows that this SNP-based approach to identify the G-1 cultivar will be a good way to distinguish accurately the G-1 cultivar and P. quinquefolius from other Korean ginseng cultivars using a SNP at 45S ribosomal DNA region.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.297-320
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to identify theoretical basis of information literacy program in the Korea. Nine Information Literacy Program were compared with ACRL Information Standards. The result of this study is as follows: (1) The identification of information needed was included in the programs that emphasized a thesis or topic statement and formulated question, critical thinking, information technology. (2) Most programs contained mainly potential sources for information. (3) Each programs had element of Information access strategy and skills that explained to OPAC, Indexes and Abstracts, On-line retrievals. (4) Implements the search strategy using various formats was essential elements in the programs. (5) Evaluation and synthesis was included in the programs, partially evaluation for information process and satisfaction was included. (6) The writing skills for termpaper. quotations and oral presentations are important elements of information use in the programs, however. those programs didn't contain enough the ethical and legal uses of information with respect to the standard.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.858-866
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• 2019

In line with the transformation of the shipping industry, the number of mixed-manning ships is on the rise - bringing foreign sailors aboard with their local sailors. During on-board work, a culture is formed according to mixed-manning, which leads to changes in on-board living environment. This causes various problems such as communication problems, and lack of education and training. In order to identify and solve problems caused by mixed-manning, this study presented a plan for systematic education of foreign seafarers. The officials in charge of the affairs of foreign sailors conducted questionnaire surveys at various shipping lines. The questionnaire survey results were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistic 26 program. Three improvement measures were proposed to solve the problems after identification of the types of education, education methods, and problems of foreign employees. This study revealed that it is imperative to systematize related education of foreign seafarers based on the results of the survey.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.44-52
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• 2001

This paper describes an off-line method for recognizing totally unconstrained handwritten digits using modified chaotic neural networks(MCNN). The chaotic neural networks(CNN) is modified to be a useful network for solving complex pattern problems by enforcing dynamic characteristics and learning process. Since the MCNN has the characteristics of highly nonlinear dynamics in structure and neuron itself, it can be an appropriate network for the robust classification of complex handwritten digits. Digit identification starts with extraction of features from the raw digit images and then recognizes digits using the MCNN based classifier. The performance of the MCNN classifier is evaluated on the numeral database of Concordia University, Montreal, Canada. For the relative comparison of recognition performance, the MCNN classifier is compared with the recurrent neural networks(RNN) classifier. Experimental results show that the classification rate is 98.0%. It indicates that the MCNN classifier outperforms the RNN classifier as well as other classifiers that have been reported on the same database.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.221-228
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• 2014

Despite that porcine spermatogonial stem cells (pSSCs) have been regarded as a practical tool for preserving eternally genetic backgrounds derived from pigs with high performance in the economic traits or phenotypes of specific human diseases, there were no reports about precise definition of niche conditions promoting proliferation and maintenance of pSSCs. Accordingly, we tried to determine niche conditions supporting proliferation and maintenance of undifferentiated pSSCs for short-term. For these, undifferentiated pSSCs were progressively cultured in different composition of culture medium, seeding density of pSSCs, type of feeder cells and concentration of growth factors, and then total number of and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity of pSSCs were investigated at post-6 day culture. As the results, the culture of $4{\times}10^5$ pSSCs on mitotically in activated $2{\times}10^5$ STO cells in the mouse embryonic stem cell culture medium (mESCCM) supplemented with 30 ng/ml glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) was identified as the best niche condition supporting effectively the short-term maintenance of undifferentiated pSSCs. Moreover, the optimized short-term culture system will be a basis for developing long-term culture system of pSSCs in the following researches.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.589-594
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• 2002

Natural clonal stock of triploid crucian carp, Carassius aurahs was identified and its cytogenetic, molecular genetic and morphological traits were studied. Cytogenetic analysis of the clonal crucian carp revealed that they were natural triploidy, evidenced by 1.5-fold increases of cell size, DNA content, and chromosome number. Multi-locus DNA fingerprinting using $(GATA)_4$ probe showed that they had an identical fingerprint profile, indicating the clonal propagation of the population. External morphology and morphometric characteristics of triploid individuals were much uniform compared to those of diploids. Natural triploid crucian carp was proven to be all-female in this study.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.15D no.5
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• pp.681-690
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• 2008

In proteomics research, the identification of differentially expressed proteins observed under specific conditions is one of key issues. There are several ways to detect the change of a specific protein's expression level such as statistical analysis and graphical visualization. However, it is quiet difficult to handle the spot information of an individual protein manually by these methods, because there are a considerable number of proteins in a tissue sample. In this paper, using database and data mining techniques, the application plan of OLAP data cube and Discovery-driven exploration is proposed. By using data cubes, it is possible to analyze the relationship between proteins and relevant clinical information as well as analyzing the differentially expressed proteins by disease. We propose the measure and exception indicators which are suitable to analyzing protein expression level changes are proposed. In addition, we proposed the reducing method of calculating InExp in Discovery-driven exploration. We also evaluate the utility and effectiveness of the data cube and Discovery-driven exploration in the lung cancer 2-DE gel image.