• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.352-360
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• 2008

The extraction yield and storage stability of Codium fragile pigments extracted in acetone, ethanol or methanol were studied. Methanol was the most effective solvent for pigment extraction, providing an extraction yield of $25.0{\pm}2.10\;mg/g$ (my base). As shown by TLC and HPLC analysis, chlorophyll a(0.40 mg/g) and chlorophyll b(1.94 mg/g) were the major pigment components in dried Codium fragile. The total chlorophyll content of Codium fragile stored a 40C in light or dark conditions for 30 weeks remained at 23.2% and 58.4% respectively. The effect of metal ions ($Cu^{++}$, $Zn^{++}$, $Fe^{++}$ and $Mg^{++}$) on pigment stability was analyzed Among the four metal ions $Cu^{++}$ was the most effective stabilizer of Codium fragile pigments during storage, and $Zn^{++}$ ion was the second most effective. In the presence of 1 mM $Cu^{++}$, the total chlorophyll retained in Codium fragile stored at 40C in light or dark conditions was increased to 47.0% and 88.8% after 30 weeks storage, respectively. The optimum concentrations of $Zn^{++}$ and $Cu^{++}$ for pigment stabilization under dark conditions were 0.5 mM and 0.1 mM, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.289-305
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• 2004

Atmospheric correction of Landsat Visible and Near Infrared imagery (VIS/NIR) over aquatic environment is more demanding than over land because the signal from the water column is small and it carries immense information about biogeochemical variables in the ocean. This paper introduces two methods, a modified dark-pixel substraction technique (path--extraction) and our spectral shape matching method (SSMM), for the correction of the atmospheric effects in the Landsat VIS/NIR imagery in relation to the retrieval of meaningful information about the ocean color, especially from Case-2 waters (Morel and Prieur, 1977) around Korean peninsula. The results of these methods are compared with the classical atmospheric correction approaches based on the 6S radiative transfer model and standard SeaWiFS atmospheric algorithm. The atmospheric correction scheme using 6S radiative transfer code assumes a standard atmosphere with constant aerosol loading and a uniform, Lambertian surface, while the path-extraction assumes that the total radiance (L/sub TOA/) of a pixel of the black ocean (referred by Antoine and Morel, 1999) in a given image is considered as the path signal, which remains constant over, at least, the sub scene of Landsat VIS/NIR imagery. The assumption of SSMM is nearly similar, but it extracts the path signal from the L/sub TOA/ by matching-up the in-situ data of water-leaving radiance, for typical clear and turbid waters, and extrapolate it to be the spatially homogeneous contribution of the scattered signal after complex interaction of light with atmospheric aerosols and Raleigh particles, and direct reflection of light on the sea surface. The overall shape and magnitude of radiance or reflectance spectra of the atmospherically corrected Landsat VIS/NIR imagery by SSMM appears to have good agreement with the in-situ spectra collected for clear and turbid waters, while path-extraction over turbid waters though often reproduces in-situ spectra, but yields significant errors for clear waters due to the invalid assumption of zero water-leaving radiance for the black ocean pixels. Because of the standard atmosphere with constant aerosols and models adopted in 6S radiative transfer code, a large error is possible between the retrieved and in-situ spectra. The efficiency of spectral shape matching has also been explored, using SeaWiFS imagery for turbid waters and compared with that of the standard SeaWiFS atmospheric correction algorithm, which falls in highly turbid waters, due to the assumption that values of water-leaving radiance in the two NIR bands are negligible to enable retrieval of aerosol reflectance in the correction of ocean color imagery. Validation suggests that accurate the retrieval of water-leaving radiance is not feasible with the invalid assumption of the classical algorithms, but is feasible with SSMM.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.504-511
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose the face region recognition system for City-Security CCTV(Closed Circuit Television) using hippocampal neural network which is modelling of human brain's hippocampus. This system is composed of feature extraction, learning and recognition part. The feature extraction part is constructed using PCA(Principal Component Analysis) and LDA(Linear Discriminants Analysis). In the learning part, it can label the features of the image-data which are inputted according to the order of hippocampal neuron structure to reaction-pattern according to the adjustment of a good impression in a dentate gyrus and remove the noise through the auto-associative memory in the CA3 region. In the CA1 region receiving the information of the CA3, it can make long-term memory learned by neuron. Experiments confirm the each recognition rate, that are shape change and light change. The experimental results show that we can compare a feature extraction and learning method proposed in this paper of any other methods, and we can confirm that the proposed method is superior to existing methods.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.321-328
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• 2017

We have implemented a technique to correct the brightness, saturation, and contrast of an image according to the degree of light, and further compensate the backlight. Backlight compensation can be done automatically or manually. For manual backlight compensation, we have to select the region of interest (ROI). ROI can be selected by connecting the outline of the desired object. We make users select the region delicately with the new magnetic lasso tool. The previous lasso tool has a disadvantage that the start point and the end point must be connected. However, the proposed lasso tool has the advantage of selecting the region of interest without connecting the start point and the end point. We can automatically obtain various results of backlight compensation by adjusting the number of k-means clusters for texture extraction and the threshold value for binarization.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.345-350
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• 2018

This study is an algorithm for detecting vein pattern features important for finger vein recognition. The feature detection algorithm is important because it greatly affects recognition results in pattern recognition. The recognition rate is degraded because the reference is changed according to the finger position change. In addition, the image obtained by irradiating the finger with infrared light is difficult to separate the image background and the blood vessel pattern, and the detection time is increased because the image preprocessing process is performed. For this purpose, the presented algorithm can be performed without image preprocessing, and the detection time can be reduced. SWDA (Down Slope Trace Waveform) algorithm is applied to the finger vein images to detect the fingertip position and vein pattern. Because of the low infrared transmittance, relatively dark vein images can be detected with minimal detection error. In addition, the fingertip position can be used as a reference in the classification stage to compensate the decrease in the recognition rate. If we apply algorithms proposed to various recognition fields such as palm and wrist, it is expected that it will contribute to improvement of biometric feature detection accuracy and reduction of recognition performance time.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.499-507
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• 1994

The aim of this experiment is to compare the healing process of extraction sockets after immediate implant placement with those using autogenous bone grafts and guided tissue regeneration with Gore-Tex. The first lower premolars and the second premolars of six experimental dogs were extracted and Stryker fin type implants were placed into the extraction sockets immediately after extraction. In the control group, any graft materials were'not used and the dead space around implants was left in itself and covered with only periosteum. In the experimental group A, implants were covered with Gore tex without any bone grafts, and in the experimental group B, the dead space around implants was filled with the bone chips gained from drilling procedure. Each experimental dogs were sacrificed at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th, and 8th week and the specimens were observed by gross examination, radiological examination, and light microscopic examination. The following results were obtained. 1. Well healed soft tissue and no mobility of the implants were observed in control and two experimental groups. 2. In the radiogical examination, radiopacity around implants had been increased gradually. 3. In the microscopic examination, there were good healing process and active new bone formation in both in the experimental groups, Especially the more amount of new bone formation occurred in the experimental group B using bone chips. 4. Bone chip grafts and guided tissue regeneration (GTR) using Gore-Tex may be one of the successful methods in the immediate implantation.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2009

In this paper, automatic structure boundary extraction is proposed using terrestrial LIDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) in 3-dimensional data. This paper describes an algorithm which does not use pictures and pre-processing. In this algorithm, an efficient decimation method is proposed, considering the size of object, the amount of LIDAR data, etc. From these decimated data, object points and non-object points are distinguished using distance information which is a major features of LIDAR. After that, large and small values are extracted using local variations, which can be candidate for boundary. Finally, a boundary line is drawn based on the boundary point candidates. In this way, the approximate boundary of the object is extracted.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.159-167
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• 1992

It would be clear that the constituents of the leaf surface lipid is ye비 important as an evaluation index of tobacco leaf quality since the quality of tobacco specific aroma with leaf species depends on the contents of the lipid and the strength of the aroma is determined by the amounts of the lipid secreted. For the reason, a rapid and peproducible method to quantify DVT, which is a kind of lipid, has been studied. The biosynthesis procedure of DVT in leaf growing processes, and the volatile or decompositional characters of DVT in leaf drying processes were also discussed. In consequence, it might be possible to get the data available to the cultivation of better tobacco leaf and the manufacture of cigarettes with better aroma and taste. The results obtained from this study are as follows. 1. Chloroform/dichloromethane solvent was better than chloroform alone for DVT extraction. The extraction yields of the leaf surface lipid were about 5% 2. The extractives with dichloromethane were treated by silylation with BSTPa and the quantitative analysis of DVT was carried out using SE -54 fused silica capillary column. It was found that rapid and reproducible data could be obtained from these methods. 3. In flue - cured tobacco species, DVT contents were $30.3\mu\textrm{g}/cm^2$ in the beginning stage of leaf drying processes and $12.1\mu\textrm{g}/cm^2$ corresponded to 30% levels of the beginning stage, in the end stage. 4. DVT contents in Burley mere 2 times as large as those in fluecured tobacco. DVT in the upper stalk position of leaf was 3 times larger than that in the lower stalk position. 5. DVT of tobacco leaves was decomposed by $SO_2$ gas or the sun light. The decomposition rate was largest in the sample used methanol as a extraction solvent.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07e
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• pp.1835-1838
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• 2003

Texts in natural images contain significant and detailed informations about the images. Thus, to extract those texts correctly, we suggest a text extraction method using color variance feature. Generally, the texts in images have color variations with the backgrounds. Thus, if we express those variations in 3 dimensional RGB color space, we can emphasize the text regions that can be hard to be captured with a method using intensity variations in the gray-level images. We can even make robust extraction results with the images contaminated by light variations. The color variations are measured by color variance in this paper. First, horizontal and vertical variance images are obtained independently, and we can fine that the text regions have high values of the variances in both directions. Then, the two images are logically ANDed to remove the non-text components with only one directional high variance. We have applied the proposed method to the multiple kinds of the natural images, and we confirmed that the proposed feature can help to find the text regions that can he missed with the following features - intensity variations in the gray-level images and/or color continuity in the color images.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.625-634
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• 2001

New polymeric photostabilizers containing hindered amine light stabilizer (HALS) were prepared by the reaction of liquid polyisoprene rubber grafted maleic anhydride (MAH) and 2,2,5,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinol (TMPO). Their chemical composition and physical properties were characterized by titration, GPC and TGA analysis. The effects of polymeric HALS on the photooxidation of the styrene-butadiene rubber were studied from the UV, IR spectral changes, and photo-crosslinking was examined by the measurement of the insoluble fraction. The photooxidation of SBR upon irradiation was inhibited by addition of the new polymeric HALS. The extraction resistance of new polymeric photostabilizer was much better than that of the low molecular weight compound which is prepared by the reaction of MAH and TMPO. The new polymeric HALS ate fairly compatible with the SBR.