• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.143-151
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• 2017

This study aims to analyze the design of public libraries which act as anchors in culture-led urban regeneration. They have been built as city's symbols as well as catalysts to revitalize city centers and urban spaces since the 1990s. This study finds that the public libraries play roles in the urban development as cultural icons, multi-functional spaces, and public domain. This study examines the five examples of the libraries and finds their important design qualities as follow. First, public libraries are planned to symbolize local culture and history as cultural icons. The shapes of public libraries are expressed with sculptured cultural icons, while their facades are designed to signify cities' identities and images. Second, public libraries in culture-led urban regeneration have multi-functional spaces which provide diverse activities and experiences to visitors. The libraries often have galleries and theaters for cultural life, cafes and shops for daily uses, educational facilities, as well as public services, parking, and transport systems that connect to urban infrastructure. Third, the public libraries become the anchors of surrounding public spaces and cultural buildings. The libraries have the sequences of approach from entry plazas, transitional zones, and entrances to lobbies. Especially the transitional zones between the libraries and the cities that are covered with giant cantilevers expand the libraries' space and establish attractive urban spaces. Forth, the libraries employ nature and cityscapes in their design. The surfaces and openings of the libraries are adjusted to allow many attractive views to visitors. Fifth, the libraries have big lobby spaces which are the centers of the buildings as well as the public domain. The lobby spaces are designed as in-door spaces like out-doors with vertical and horizontal openness that allow the natural flows of light from ceilings, glass walls and vertical voids.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2014

Chicken are considered as the most important source of human infection by Campylobacter jejuni, which primarily arises from contaminated poultry meats. However, the genes expressed in vivo of the interaction between chicken and C. jejuni have not been screened. In this regard, in vivo-induced antigen technology (IVIAT) was applied to identify expressed genes in vivo during interaction between chicken and C. jejuni, a prevalent foodborne pathogen worldwide. Chicken sera were obtained by inoculating C. jejuni NCTC 11168 into Leghorn chickens through oral and intramuscular administration. Pooled chicken sera, adsorbed against in vitro-grown cultures of C. jejuni, were used to screen the inducible expression library of genomic proteins from sequenced C. jejuni NCTC 11168. Finally, 28 unique genes expressed in vivo were successfully identified after secondary and tertiary screenings with IVIAT. The genes were implicated in metabolism, molecular biosynthesis, genetic information processing, transport, regulation and other processes, in addition to Cj0092, with unknown function. Several potential virulence-associated genes were found to be expressed in vivo, including chuA, flgS, cheA, rplA, and Cj0190c. We selected four genes with different functions to compare their expression levels in vivo and in vitro using real-time RT-PCR. The results indicated that these selected genes were significantly upregulated in vivo but not in vitro. In short, the expressed genes in vivo may act as potential virulence-associated genes, the protein encoded by which may be meaningful vaccine candidate antigens for campylobacteriosis. IVIAT provides an important and efficient strategy for understanding the interaction mechanisms between Campylobacter and hosts.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.413-432
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• 2015

본 연구는 한국복제전송저작권협회와 체결한 협정서를 기반으로 운영되고 있는 KERIS와 KISTI의 원문복사서비스 운영상의 문제점을 저작권을 중심으로 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 협정서 적용시 원문복사서비스가 가능한 대상기관 및 자료유형의 제한, 현행 전자배송서비스가 도서관 사서 간에만 이루어지는 한계, 개인 신청자 대상 비상호대차형 원문복사서비스의 제한적 가능의 문제점이 파악되었다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 본 연구는 저작권법에 상호대차형 원문복사서비스에 대한 근거 규정 도입과 권위 있는 표준 가이드라인의 개발, 최종 이용자가 원문파일을 출력할 수 있도록 하되 저작권 침해방지를 위한 기술적 조치를 도서관이 의무적으로 설치할 것, 개인 신청자를 위한 저작권료 지불 원문복사서비스 모델 도입을 제안하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.135-144
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• 2006

오늘날 컴퓨터 기술의 발전과 네트워크의 급속한 확산에 따라 기존의 종이를 이용한 정보매체에서 전자문서로의 변화가 가속화되고 있다. 이에 따라 전자문서를 생성하고, 전자문서에 포함된 정보를 관리하는 것은 매우 중요한 이슈가 되었다. XML은 인터넷상에서 복잡하고 구조화된 문서자료의 저장, 관리, 검색을 용이하게 할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 나아가 전자상거래, 전자 도서관, 가상대학 등의 핵심 응용 시스템의 구축에서 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 이러한 XML 문서를 일반 사용자가 작성하는 것은 쉬운 작업이 아니다. 따라서 본 논문은 XML 문서를 보다 쉽고 편리하게 작성하기 위한 편집 방법에 관한 연구이다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서 제시하고 있는 방안은 문서 폼(Form)을 이용해 XML 문서를 입력한다는 개념을 도입하였고, XML 문서 폼을 만드는 과정과 만들어진 XML 문서 폼을 이용해 실제 XML 문서를 만드는 과정으로 입력과정을 분리하였다. 이러한 분리된 입력방법은 XML에 대해 잘 모르는 입력자라 할지라도 전문가나 시스템에서 제공하는 XML문서 폼을 이용하면 XML문서를 쉽게 입력할 수 있기 때문에 XML입력의 효율성을 높일 수 있게 된다.

• 기록학연구
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• 제57호
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• pp.5-33
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• 2018

기록은 그 속성이 주는 견고하고 사실적인 능력으로 인해 시각적 이미지를 통한 전시 프로그램에 주요 동원 매체가 되었다. 시각적으로 재현된 이미지는 그 메시지를 소비하는 집단이 개별적으로 수용하여 의미적 이미지로 발화된다. 본 연구는 기록이 사회적 생명력을 갖고 기록의 전시를 통해 돌아오는 것이며 이미지와의 작용을 통해 과거를, 기억을 '재매개'한다는 문제의식에서 출발했다. 기록의 활용 중 전시를 이용자 분석의 대상으로 삼은 이유는 전시가 기록을 선별, 배치하는 과정 속에서 그 기관의 정체성을 가장 분명하게 드러내 보일 수 있는 도구이자 매개체이기 때문이다. 이에 본 논문은 국가기록 중 특히 기억 갈등의 중심에 있는 "대통령" 기록 전시를 기억의 문화적 실천 관점에서 분석한 후 이용자들의 실제 전시 관람과 설문을 통해 어떻게 전시 의미를 수용하고 저항하는가에 대한 실증적 연구와 결과를 밝혔다.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.33-53
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• 2018

Since business startups are known to have positive effects on the economic growth of a country, it is necessary to review the factors influencing the willingness to start new businesses for the people to act on business startups. In this regard, the study sought to reexamine the findings of previous research showing that the innovative, initiative, and risk-taking characteristics, which are the constitutive elements of entrepreneurships, influence the willingness to start up. Furthermore, in this study, attempts were made to empirically analyze the direct and indirect relationships of self-leadership influencing the willingness to start new businesses. Consequently, first, it showed that college students' entrepreneurship has positive effects on the willingness to start new businesses. Second, the significance of the gender of college students was not confirmed as to playing a regulating role in the relationship between entrepreneurship and the willingness to start up. Third, the relationship between self-leadership and the willingness to start new businesses was validated to be significant in a positive direction. Fourth, no mediating effect of self-leadership in the relationship between entrepreneurship and the willingness to start new businesses was observed. Such research results have the following significances. First, while there is an awareness that the concepts of business start- up, entrepreneurship, and leadership carry masculinity, the lack of regulating effect of gender may reflect the changing phases of time and society where women's participation has been increasing. Second, self-leadership is a concept by which one pioneers his or her own life and an influencing factor on the willingness to start up; however, since it has enormous impacts on the entrepreneurship and willingness to start up, relevant mediating effects were not observed and the magnitude of the important influence between entrepreneurship and the willingness to start up were confirmed.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2022

The identification of Plasmodium falciparum enoyl acyl-carrier protein reductase (pfENR) is considered as a potential biological target against malaria. Trema orientalis is considered a rich source of phytochemicals useful in malaria treatment. This study evaluated the in-vitro inhibitory activity of the extract and isolated compounds of T. orientalis leaf; the isolated compounds and the analogues of the most active compound were subjected to in-silico molecular docking studies on pfENR. The methanolic extract of T. orientalis was subjected to repeated chromatographic separation which led to the isolation of some compounds. The isolated compounds from the plant were examined for their antimalarial activity using β-hematin inhibition assay. Virtual screening via molecular docking and ADMET studies were conducted to gain insight into the mechanism of binding of ligand and to identify effective pfENR inhibitors. The isolated compounds and the analogues of the most active isolates were gotten from PubChem library for use in docking study. Hexacosanol and β-sitosterol showed inhibition of the β-hematin formation. The docking results showed that hexacosanol, β-sitosterol and the analogues of β-sitosterol displayed binding energy ranging between -6.1 kcal/mol and -11.6 kcal/mol. Sitosterol glucoside has the highest docking score. Some of the ligands showed more binding affinity than known bioactive compounds used as reference. Analogues of β-sitosterol has been shown to be potential inhibitors of pfENR, therefore, the findings from this study suggest that sitosterol glucoside and ergosterol peroxide could act as antimalarial agents after further lead optimisation investigations.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.563-570
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• 2009

We previously isolated the OsCBT gene, which encodes a calmodulin (CaM)-binding protein, from a rice expression library constructed from fungal elicitor-treated rice suspension cells. In order to understand the function of OsCBT in rice, we isolated and characterized a T-DNA insertion mutant allele named oscbt-1. The oscbt-1 mutant exhibits reduced levels of OsCBT transcripts and no significant morphological changes compared to wild-type plant although the growth of the mutant is stunted. However, oscbt-1 mutants showed significant resistance to two major rice pathogens. The growth of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea, as well as the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae was significantly suppressed in oscbt-1 plants. Histochemical analysis indicated that the hypersensitive-response was induced in the oscbt-1 mutant in response to compatible strains of fungal pathogens. OsCBT expression was induced upon challenge with fungal elicitor. We also observed significant increase in the level of pathogenesis-related genes in the oscbt-1 mutant even under pathogen-free condition. Taken together, the results support an idea that OsCBT might act as a negative regulator on plant defense.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.3273-3278
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• 2014

Background: Various studies have evaluated the relationship between X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) Arg399Gln polymorphism and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk, but the conclusions have been inconsistent and underpowered. The purpose of this updated meta-analysis was to examine whether XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism confers susceptibility to HCC. Methods: Eligible studies extracted from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, VIP (chinese) and CNKI (chinese) up to November 2013 were included in the study. Pooled odds ratio (OR) together with their 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated to evaluate XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism and HCC risk. Results: Finally, 21 studies with 4,170 cases and 5,030 controls were involved in our meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that there was significant association between Arg399Gln polymorphism and HCC risk under two contrast models in overall populations (AG vs GG: OR=1.265, 95%CI=1.036-1.545, p=0.021; AA+AG vs GG: OR=1.240, 95%CI=1.021-1.506, p=0.030). In subgroup analyses, significant association was found in Asians (A vs G: OR=1.175, 95%CI=1.013-1.362, p=0.033; AG vs GG: OR=1.317, 95%CI=1.070-1.622, p=0.009; AA+AG vs GG: OR=1.289, 95%CI=1.055-1.575, p=0.013) and Caucasians (A vs G: OR=0.591, 95%CI=0.361-0.966, p=0.036; AA+AG vs GG: OR=0.468, 95%CI=0.234-0.934, p=0.031). Conclusions: The results suggest that XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism may increase HCC risk especially among Asians. However, XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism might act as a protective role against HCC among Caucasians.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2010

In this study, a novel member of BTB-kelch proteins, named KBTBD7, was cloned from a human embryonic heart cDNA library. The cDNA of KBTBD7 is 3,008 bp long and encodes a protein product of 684 amino acids (77.2 kD). This protein is highly conserved in evolution across different species. Western blot analysis indicates that a 77 kD protein specific for KBTBD7 is wildly expressed in all embryonic tissues examined. In COS-7 cells, KBTBD7 proteins are localized to the cytoplasm. KBTBD7 is a transcription activator when fused to GAL4 DNA-binding domain. Deletion analysis indicates that the BTB domain and kelch repeat motif are main regions for transcriptional activation. Overexpression of KBTBD7 in MCF-7 cells activates the transcriptional activities of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and serum response element (SRE), which can be relieved by siRNA. These results suggest that KBTBD7 proteins may act as a new transcriptional activator in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling.