• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.97-120
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• 2016

This study aims to identify how performing artists in Korea, who are the target beneficiaries of the Arts Council Korea's Performing Arts Fostering Program, Chang-jak-san-shil(CJSS), would perceive and assess the current state of CJSS and its effects. To do so, this paper has adopted a bottom-up approach as a theoretical lens for policy evaluative analysis. This research engages with qualitative research design by conducting a series of in-depth interviews and FGIs with 28 participants in total. The interview participants consist of CJSS grantees(n=21) and peer-review panels(n=7) based on the intension to enhance objectivity and reliability of the study. Results of the data analysis suggest that the grant program still carries pressing needs to achieve a success as follows: providing post-program support, enhancing transparency of the panel appointment process and the peer review process, reflecting different nature of each arts discipline, and having more open communications with arts professionals. Based on these findings, this paper will provide and discuss about policy implications which can contribute to the performing arts domain at large.

• Korean small business review
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.31-57
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• 2021

This study delves into a question as to how the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is internalized across corporations. CSR internalization refers to the process where a corporation incorporates CSR practices into its business practices. Drawn from the institutionalization process of knowledge adoption under environmental pressure, we pay attention to the roles of proximity, defined as the distance between environmental characteristics and organizational characteristics of corporations. And we argue that the extent to which a given firm is situated in the environment knowledgeable will make the firm likely to adopt CSR practices. To test this idea, we figure out when and how corporations participate in the B-Corporation Movement in the U.S., through the lens of proximity. Specifically, we subdivide proximity into geographical proximity, organizational proximity, and overlapped proximity and examine whether proximity can increase the likelihood of adopting CSR practices. With a sample of 536 start-ups which had participated in the B-Corporation Movement between 2007 and 2017, we find that the three types of proximity consistently increase the likelihood of becoming a certified B-Corp. This suggests that a corporation is highly likely to accept the concept of CSR under external pressures, along with its intrinsic motivation, which provide theoretical and practical implications on CSR internalization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.456-456
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• 2009

Boron doping on an n-type Si wafer is requisite process for IBC (Interdigitated Back Contact) solar cells. Fiber laser annealing is one of boron doping methods. For the boron doping, uniformly coated or deposited film is highly required. Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method provides a uniform dopant film or layer which can facilitate doping. Because amorphous silicon layer absorption range for the wavelength of fiber laser does not match well for the direct annealing. In this study, to enhance thermal affection on the existing p-a-Si:H layer, a ${\mu}c$-Si:H intrinsic layer was deposited on the p-a-Si:H layer additionally by PECVD. To improve heat transfer rate to the amorphous silicon layer, and as heating both sides and protecting boron eliminating from the amorphous silicon layer. For p-a-Si:H layer with the ratio of $SiH_4$ : $B_2H_6$ : $H_2$ = 30 : 30 : 120, at $200^{\circ}C$, 50 W, 0.2 Torr for 30 minutes, and for ${\mu}c$-Si:H intrinsic layer, $SiH_4$ : $H_2$ = 10 : 300, at $200^{\circ}C$, 30 W, 0.5 Torr for 60 minutes, 2 cm $\times$ 2 cm size wafers were used. In consequence of comparing the results of lifetime measurement and sheet resistance relation, the laser condition set of 20 ~ 27 % of power, 150 ~ 160 kHz, 20 ~ 50 mm/s of marking speed, and $10\;{\sim}\;50 {\mu}m$ spacing with continuous wave mode of scanner lens showed the correlation between lifetime and sheet resistance as $100\;{\Omega}/sq$ and $11.8\;{\mu}s$ vs. $17\;{\Omega}/sq$ and $8.2\;{\mu}s$. Comparing to the singly deposited p-a-Si:H layer case, the additional ${\mu}c$-Si:H layer for doping resulted in no trade-offs, but showed slight improvement of both lifetime and sheet resistance, however sheet resistance might be confined by the additional intrinsic layer. This might come from the ineffective crystallization of amorphous silicon layer. For the additional layer case, lifetime and sheet resistance were measured as $84.8\;{\Omega}/sq$ and $11.09\;{\mu}s$ vs. $79.8\;{\Omega}/sq$ and $11.93\;{\mu}s$. The co-existence of $n^+$layeronthesamesurfaceandeliminating the laser damage should be taken into account for an IBC solar cell structure. Heavily doped uniform boron layer by fiber laser brings not only basic and essential conditions for the beginning step of IBC solar cell fabrication processes, but also the controllable doping concentration and depth that can be established according to the deposition conditions of layers.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.94-113
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to develop a using various convex lenses 'VR glasses' instructional materials for area of communication technology of the 2015 Revision Curriculum in middle school. This study was progressed depend on ADDIE model. In the analysis step, a necessity of developing the instructional materials was confirmed through social needs and leaner's needs and literature researches were reviewed about the 2015 Revision Curriculum and virtual reality and confirmed the area of communication technology related to VR glasses. The communication process of information was selected as a communication technology area related to VR glass. In the design step, Based on the analysis stage, instructional objectives were set and instructional method and medium were selected. In the development step was developed instructional materials, what are teaching-learning guidance, power-point presentations, the paper for group learning activities, Individual portfolio, and using various convex lenses VR glasses example. As a result of 'VR glasses' using various convex lenses, the viewing angle was enlarged when the diameter of the convex lens was large, but it was difficult to quantify it. In the implementation step, the instructional materials developed for middle school students was applied. In the evaluation step, instructional materials were modified and improved through a students evaluation, experts evaluation.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 2005

Chemotactic migration of bone forming cell, osteoblast, is an important event during bone formation, bone remodeling, and fracture healing. Migration of cells is mediated by adhesion receptors, such as integrins, that link the cell to extracellular matrix ligands, type I collagen, fibronectin, laminin and depend on interaction between integrin and extracellular ligand. Our study was designed to investigate the effect of extracellular matrix like fibronectin, laminin, type I collagen on migration of osteoblast. Migration distance and speed of MC3T3-E1 cell on extracellular matrix-coated glass were measured for 24 hours using 0.01% type I collagen, 0.01% fibronectin, 100 microliter/ml laminin. The migration distance and speed of MC3T3-E1 cell was compared using a video-microscopy system. To determine migration speed, cells were viewed with a 4 phase- contrast lens and video recorded. Images were captured using a color CCD camera and saved in 8-bit full-color mode. The migration distance on 0.01% type I collagen or 0.01% fibronectin was longer than that on $100{\mu}l/ml$ laminin-coated glass. The migration speed on fibronectin-coated glass was 68 micrometer/hour which was fastest. The migration speed on type I collagen-coated glass was similar with that on fibronectin-coated glass. The latter two migration speeds were faster than that on no-coated glass. On the other hand, the average migration speed on laminin-coated glass was 37micrometer/hour and not different from that of control group. In conclusion, the extracelluar matrix ligands such as type I collagen and fibronectin seem to play an important role in cell migration. The type I collagen or fibronectin coated scaffold is more effective for migration of osteoblast in tissue engineering process.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.183-189
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• 2018

This study deals with the design and development of imaging optics having 24mm focal length for MWIR ($3{\sim}5{\mu}m$) with two symmetrical lenses facing each other. We used CodeV in our optical design, and we performed the optimization process to have the resolution and angle of view satisfying the user's requirements. The materials of lenses were limited to two types, including KCIR035 with a refractive index of 1.7589, developed in Korea. The optical system designed in this way consists of two aspherical lenses made of KCIR035 material having the same shape and one spherical lens made of Si. Here, the arrangement of the two aspherical lenses is characterized by having a symmetrical structure facing each other. And this optical system has a resolution of MTF value of 0.35 or more at a line width of 20 lp / mm. Therefore, it is considered that this optical system has the capability to be applied to a thermal imaging camera using a $206{\times}156$ array MWIR detection device having a pixel size of $25{\mu}m$.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.211-221
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• 2012

To utilize omni-directional images acquired by a rotating line camera for indoor spatial information services, we should register precisely the images with respect to an indoor coordinate system. In this study, we thus develop a georeferencing method to estimate the exterior orientation parameters of an omni-directional image - the position and attitude of the camera at the acquisition time. First, we derive the collinearity equations for the omni-directional image by geometrically modeling the rotating line camera. We then estimate the exterior orientation parameters using the collinearity equations with indoor control points. The experimental results from the application to real data indicate that the exterior orientation parameters is estimated with the precision of 1.4 mm and $0.05^{\circ}$ for the position and attitude, respectively. The residuals are within 3 and 10 pixels in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. Particularly, the residuals in the vertical direction retain systematic errors mainly due to the lens distortion, which should be eliminated through a camera calibration process. Using omni-directional images georeferenced precisely with the proposed method, we can generate high resolution indoor 3D models and sophisticated augmented reality services based on the models.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.97-107
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• 2009

In image-based gait recognition systems, physical factors, such as the camera angle and the lens distortion, and environmental factors such as illumination determines the performance of recognition. In this paper we present a robust gait recognition method by compensating various types of image distortions. The proposed method is compared with existing gait recognition algorithm with consideration of both physical and environmental distortion factors in the input image. More specifically, we first present an efficient compensation algorithm of image distortion by using the projective transform, and test the feasibility of the proposed algorithm by comparing the recognition performances with and without the compensation process. Proposed method gives universal gait data which is invariant to both distance and environment. Gained data improved gait recognition rate about 41.5% in indoor image and about 55.5% in outdoor image. Proposed method can be used effectively in database(DB) construction, searching and tracking of specific objects.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.191-227
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• 2015

The supply-driven innovation system is encountering its limitation. At the same time, the needs for solving societal challenges occurring in people's lives are growing. Social problem-solving R&D programs have been attracting attention as a countermeasure to satisfy these needs. It is important to understand the social context of the occurring problems as well as the users facing the social challenges. Therefore, social problem-solving R&D programs have to explore the social challenge and users' needs, with emphasis on the collaboration with researchers and users in the development and implementation process. This study carries out comparative analysis between 'Korean Citizen-driven R&D project' and 'Japanese Research institute of Science and Technology for Society (RISTEX)' concerning goals, construction of program, and promotion processes. The two cases are similar regarding the objectives of social problem-solving and the strategy for user participation. However, there are differences between the characteristics of the projects and promotion processes. The RISTEX is performing social problem-solving R&D with a much wider perspectives than the Korean project. This is because the Korean project maintained the existing R&D system with the lens of the supply-driven system, even when approaching social problem-solving. Therefore, this limitation should be overcome by adopting support systems discarding the supply-driven perspective, through substantiality of user participation, maintenance of legal system, and commercialization of technologies.

• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.89-117
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• 2017

As the industrial paradigm shifts and the manufacturing industry declines, many changes also take place in the region as well. In this regard, interest in industrial heritage as a facet of cultural heritage is on the increase. In this paper, the meaning of regional 'cultural contents' as industrial heritage is investigated within the scope of specific region. It is meant to move beyond the viewpoint of considering industrial heritage as only relating to industrial machinery and relevant landmarks from the past. The concept of industrial heritage is established more clearly through the review policy and case study analysis of existing research; the analysis is conducted to investigate the characteristics associated with it, and then to explore how best to utilize it. In particular, this paper attempts to focus on how it operates within these parameters using a spatio-temporal context as much as possible, and concentrating on the recognition and experience of the subject of industrial heritage as being traceable through human story. This research is based on the case of 'Sapporo' which focuses on modern history based on historical importance, and the 'Cheongju' case study, which contrasts the former by focusing on urban regeneration using a spatial lens. This paper identifies the possibility of regional development through the examination of past identity and diversity in the present, and highlights the features that could be linked to future usability and development. In addition, it proposes the possibility that the cycle of regional development could change in the process of the different stages of territorialization, de-territorialization and re-territorialization.