• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.488-499
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• 2005

The trends of Chinese and Yanbian University's reform were studied in this work. Although the history of Chinese modem university education is short, and all Chinese Universities experienced same social problems, however, development of each university was different. Especially after 90's, with applying socialism market economy theory, Chinese university education have changed a lot. Main conclusions were summarized as follows. First, to exert university's self-determination, University management system was changed. More and more rights and freedoms of operating university were given to universities which were originally controlled by central and local government. With that, universities were cheered to develop extensively based on its ability. Second, efforts to fit market economy were observed. It reflects in all aspects, such as systems of university financing, operating, admission and graduation of students. Third, professor competition system was adopted to promote professors enthusiasm. Forth, to survival in hot competition among universities, differentiation policy was applied. In brief, it could be said that rapid developments of Chinese university education have achieved recently. However, problems such as universities are still under supervision of central and local government: expand of university scale rather than education quality was focused on: limit of investment to university: lack of legal protection for finical supporting: lack of university democratization were still remain. It was expected that these problems will be solved in future university reforms.

• Journal of the Korea society of information convergence
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.25-46
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• 2014

After examining the current situations of financial frauds and the reasons for their occurrence in the financial institutions through examples of financial frauds in domestic and abroad, this study presents ways to prevent such financial scams. The preventive measures consist of activities before and after the occurrence of financial frauds and during normal financial operations. The activities are as follows: 1. Preventive activity should be strengthened before the occurrence of financial frauds. That is, first, the enforcement of consistent internal control is needed. Second, in order to block the probability of financial frauds involved with employees, ethics education and a reward program for inside tippers need to be run. Third, financial institutions need to apply for comprehensive insurance policy to minimize the lost in case. 2. Preventive activity should be strengthened during normal financial operations. First, self authentication system for customers needs to be introduced. Second, dealings of day, week, and month need to be thoroughly checked and the system of audit needs to be expanded. Third, message service for the information on financial frauds and their preventive measures needs to be expanded. Fourth, public notification system against examples of financial frauds needs to be expanded. 3. Preventive activity after the occurrence of financial frauds should be strengthened. First, awareness for preventive measures such as imposing penalty on the manager needs to be enhanced. Second, strict restrictions on financial frauders such as a criminal charge needs to be strengthened. Third, there should be legal devices and resolutions in order to retrieve all the money deceived by financial frauds.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.273-286
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• 2013

Recently, due to problems with subway and bus operations, a need has emerged for a solution such as the introduction of an Advanced Transit System. In several municipalities, systems have been introduced using light rail as AGT urban aesthetics construction. There is high inhibition and civil cases are delayed by more environmentally friendly and accessible remedies. For the purpose of this study, Changwon city would be transformed to have an environmentally friendly transportation system such as a tram with an overview. Features, advantages, and disadvantages are analyzed, and systems are established the existing public transport routes by transfer system. Changwon city's tram plan is first step in open in year 2018, and second step with the opening goal of the year 2021, and the total line length of 33.9 km, the station will be built in the 38 locations. and also in 2011 a feasibility study, evaluated a low economic as B/C to 0.88, but it evaluated the high value of the policy analysis as AHP to 0.502. However, introduction of a tram project that should precede the as following condition. The first step in Changwon city's tram plan would be as follows : The introduction of the tram system would demand traffic management along with a restructuring of the bus system, and the tram system would be selected for domestic realities. Secondly, the introduction of trams would comprehend the advanced traffic composition in accordance with the consensus of the citizenship, and a legal system should be established for the introduction of the trams.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.201-210
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• 2012

Because sensing odor varies depending on each person, even if the odor is released in line with the legal emission permission concentration levels, it can still become a social issue if a civil complaint is made. The purpose of this research is to study the possibility of putting Mn-Cu metallic oxide catalysts into practical use to economically eliminate acetaldehyde which produces a odor in the industrial process. An optimal operating parameter to eliminate acetaldehyde was deduced through a performance evaluation in the research laboratory and the performance was verified by applying the parameter into an actual facility as an on-the-site experiment through a Scale-up of pilot size. The operating temperature of the metallic oxide catalysts researched so far was at the minimum close to $220^{\circ}C$, and the $220^{\circ}C$ elimination efficiency was 50% or below. However, having experimented by using a Mn-Cu metallic oxide catalyst in this research, optimum elimination efficiency showed when space velocity (GHSV) was equal to or below 6,000 $hr^{-1}$. The average elimination efficiency was 61.2% when the catalyst controlling temperature was $120^{\circ}C$, 93.3% when the catalyst controlling temperature was $160^{\circ}C$, and 94.9% when catalyst controlling temperature was $180^{\circ}C$, thereby reflecting high elimination efficiency. The specific surface area of the catalyst was $200m^2/g$ before use, however, was reduced to $47.162m^2/g$ after 24 months and therefore showed that despite the decrease in specific surface area as time passed, there was no significant influence on the performance. Having operated Mn-Cu metallic oxide catalyst systems for at least two years on a site where there was no inflow of toxins like sulfur compounds and acidic gases, we were able to confirm that elimination efficiency of at least 90% was maintained.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.23-35
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• 2017

Since the beginning of 2002, KONEPS(Korea ON-line E-Procurement System) which is known with GePS(Government e-Procurement Service), has become a significant role in Korea public procurement service. This paper focuses on the amendments of the related laws and the practical improvement of inconveniences and inefficiencies in user's' position during the use of KONEPS. We analyzed the case of government procurement by major countries, the detailed process and function of KONEPS, and confirmed the revised procurement laws since the commencement of KONEPS. When a user of KONEPS makes an online purchase at the g2b shopping mall to purchase procurement goods, we analyzed focused on the inconvenience of option selection, user feedback after purchasing, unification of the purchase procedure, compared with general online shopping purchase. This paper suggests practical ways to improve the inconveniences and inefficiencies that arise in the process of procurement and use from KONEPS. It is necessary to study on the construction contracts and the empirical studies based on the questionnaire on the functions of procurement law and research model for the cases used in this study in the future.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.105-113
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• 2017

Recently mountain tourism has been promoted and introduction of railroads with utilizing mountain resources is being planned. With the government policies to increase the share of eco-friendly transportation on railroad, national double-tracking of single rail and improvement projects are on going. However, the eco-friendly railroad policy suggests the environmental impact assessment items only on air quality, water quality, geographical/geological features, fauna/flora, natural/environmental resources, noise/ vibration, and recreation/landscape. And for fauna/flora and natural/environmental resources, confirming the presence of environmental protection zone is enough to satisfy legal requirement. This study suggested to evaluate environmental/ecological values with quantitative data. Evaluation indices and evaluation items have been selected to provide the data. Each of the subject map and railroad network was overlapped. The study selected naturalness and diversity as major indicators and calculated weight values of the items under the indicators, which are to be usd for the selection of the sites for railway development. This assessment method could be applied to the environmentally friendly construction of railroads in the future.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.786-819
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• 2014

Emphasizing the importance of R&D as a source of open innovation, Korean government is developing various programs focused on technology commercialization and is expanding investment on it. In spite of those efforts, technology commercialization is not vitalized yet due to the lack of demand for technology transfer, R&D planning scheme without considering market, immaturity of technology market, and so on. This study aims to suggest the business ecosystem model so that technology commercialization could be facilitated based on business ecosystem perspective. We set the framework for modeling a business ecosystem through reviewing the previous works, and draw several problems to be solved regarding public R&D commercialization in Korea from the perspective of ecosystem. Considering those, this research proposes the business ecosystem model for public R&D commercialization as a reference model for describing, discussing, and developing the technology commercialization strategy. The proposed model consists of 4 domains as follows: R&D, technology market, information distribution channels, and customers. The business ecosystem model shows that technology commercialization could be facilitated to create the market value through close relationship and organic cooperation among its members that form the ecosystem. Public research institutes as a keystone player could control the fate of the ecosystem. In this regard, this paper suggests roles of public research institutes for evolving the business ecosystem.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.259-266
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of establishing the elderly protection system for the elderly in the local community, and to explore the linkage model and action strategy. In Korea, there is a need to build a comprehensive elderly care system so that elderly people can have appropriate counseling and support programs in the community, as the elderly increase their diverse needs (leisure, housing, employment). In this study, we set up a linkage model of elderly care system and suggested two ways to practice it. First, it is suggested that it is desirable to focus on the formation of the elderly protection system in the community, and divide the practice process into three stages: organization, practice, and organization. Second, it is necessary to apply the long-term care professional manpower which can play a central role such as care manager and nursing care provider in order to apply the community organizing model of the elderly protection system and stable operation of long-term care insurance for the elderly. In addition, a social welfare council and a private network should be established to form a social welfare council, the establishment of related legal provisions, and the education of care managers. Therefore, it is necessary to establish basic data through this study, to establish diverse strategies and plans for the elderly protection system, and to promote it in a phased manner.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.69-80
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• 2015

The Purpose of this study is to establish efficient and balanced development and to make transparent marketing system, environment which is to protect small business, consumer's. This Goal of this study is that focus on development of regional and national economy. Especially, to protect small businessmen, to reserve consumer's buying choice. First of all, to examine causes of distribution maintenance and to will be analysed legal controversy of big distributive markets since local autonomy business limits. It is this study that concentrate on big distributive mart shutdown of business hours, Problems and Countermeasures. The main focus of in this study is as follows: First, to examine the ruling of the court that protest and accept of business hour in big distributive mart' problem and regulation, Second, to understand each of the judgement and problems of distributive shutdown systems, Third, to suggest the good distributive business trade act and the possible collaboration with focus on small and big mart System in Korea. This paper to analyze case of conflict and focus on establishment of transparent distribution since business limits.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.163-192
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• 1997

As the population over the age of 65 increases, the demand for nurses who care for this group also continues to grow. Well-prepared nurses who are knowledgeable and skilled for the elderly can be prepared through systematic gerontological nursing curricula. This study was carried out to identify the needs for gerontological nursing curricular contents. The subjects for this study were two participant groups the educators who teach gerontological nursing in three-year and four-year baccalaureate nursing programs, and the nurses who are working with the elderly in hospitals, community health centers, social welfare agencies, and community health practioner's posts. The major findings of the study are as follows : 1. The differences between actual contents and essential contents of the educators : Concerning the actual contents that is actually taught, the educators showed the highest scores on the demographics of older adults and the lowest scores on the cultural variations affecting health care. Regarding the essential contents, the educators showed the highest scores on the demographics and the lowest scores on the economics of aging. Aside from the demographics, all of the items were found to have significant differences between essential and actual contents. This implies that all the content areas except demographics should be emphasized. 2. The differences between actual knowledge and essential knowledge of the nurses : Concerning the nurses' actual knowledge, the nurses showed the highest scores on the common health problems and their treatment and the lowest scores on the politics of aging. Regarding the essential knowledge, nurses showed the highest scores on the chronic illness and common health problems and the lowest scores on their roles and functions. However, they thought all the items to be essential. All of the items were found to have significant differences between actual and essential knowledge. The nurses who studied gerontological nursing in their school years and after graduating had more knowledge. However, they felt more knowledge was needed. This implies that the nurses need more education in all content areas of gerontological nursing. 3. The differences between educators and nurses : Concerning the essential contents, the educators showed higher scores on the demographics and growth and development than the nurses. Whereas, the nurses showed higher scores on the cultural variations, long-term care, economics of aging, politics of aging, legal and ethical issues, and common health problems than the educators. 4. Activities of nursing care for the elderly : Most common activities were related to direct nursing care such as giving physical care, counseling/teaching clients, and assessing and planning care for the clients. Nurses thought that all the items were critical, but they showed relatively low scores on the following :'serve on multidisciplinary committee', 'preparing reports', 'evaluation of outcomes of care', 'determine policy for nursing service', 'set patient care standards', and 'participate in nursing research' The constraints in providing better nursing service were time constraints, administrative restraints, social restraints, and inadequate knowledge.