• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.118-130
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• 1982

Random walks as specia Markov stochastic processes have received particular attention in recent years. Not only the applicability of the theory already developed but also its extension within the frame work of probability measures on algebraic-topological structures such as semigroups, groups and linear spaces became a new challenge for research work in the field. At the same time new insights into classical problems were obtained which in various cases lead to a more efficient presentation of the subject. Consequently the teaching of random walks at all levels should profit from the recent development.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2011

Recently gantry-type robot with 3 axes rectangular coordinates have been studied in the many industrial production equipment and machinery fields. To acquire a good handling and motion performance of this robot, reducing the settling-time and securing the accurate-transfer positioning under high-speed conditions should be required. However when robot is moved in high-speed, the large inertia of robot can lead to serious vibration of robot's head. The time-delayed control characteristics of this robot can also lead to tracking error. In this research, the analysis of the effects of higher order positional-profile is carried out to assure high-speed performance and stiffness specifications. To remove the residual vibration caused by kinematic coupling effect of dual-servo gantry, we develop a dual-servo gantry of rotary type that moving frame of x-axis rotates about z-axis. In order to decrease the tracking error, the 3 type lead-filter through system identification was applied respectively. From the experimental results, it was shown that zero-order series leader-filter has the best performance about tracking error and settling time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.223-230
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• 2008

For the use of extracts from salmon frame as a basic material of Gomtang-like products, various methods (soaking into soybean milk, adding anchovy, and adding spices) for masking fish odor into extracts from salmon frame were examined and the food component characteristics were also compared with commercial Gomtang. According to the results of volatile basic nitrogen, transmission at 660 nm and sensory evaluation of extracts, soaking treatment, which is the soaking of salmon frame into soybean milk, was the most efficient method among the various methods for masking fish odor into extracts from salmon frame. There was no difference in the proximate composition between extracts from salmon frame soaked (FS) and unsoaked (C) into soybean milk. The FS was not detected in heavy metals, such as chromium, lead and cadmium. The taste value of FS (16.26) was higher than that of C and the major amino acids were glutamic acid and aspartic acid. Total amino acid content of FS (3.08 g/100 mL) was also higher than those of C (2.95 g/100 mL) and commercial Gomtang (1.70 g/100 mL), and the major amino acids were glycine, proline, glutamic acid and arginine. The calcium and phosphorus contents of FS/500 mL accounted for 21.7% and 18.5%, respectively, of the recommended daily allowance of mineral for adult.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.645-669
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• 2004

In seismic analysis of moment-resisting frames, beam-column connections are often modeled with rigid joint zones. However, it has been demonstrated that, in ductile reinforced concrete (RC) moment-resisting frames designed based on current codes (to say nothing of older non-ductile frames), the joint zones are in fact not rigid, but rather undergo significant shear deformations that contribute greatly to global drift. Therefore, the "rigid joint" assumption may result in misinterpretation of the global performance characteristics of frames and could consequently lead to miscalculation of strength and ductility demands on constituent frame members. The primary objective of this paper is to propose a rational method for estimating the hysteretic joint shear behavior of RC connections and for incorporating this behavior into frame analysis. The authors tested four RC edge beam-column-slab connection subassemblies subjected to earthquake-type lateral loading; hysteretic joint shear behavior is investigated based on these tests and other laboratory tests reported in the literature. An analytical scheme employing the modified compression field theory (MCFT) is developed to approximate joint shear stress vs. joint shear strain response. A connection model capable of explicitly considering hysteretic joint shear behavior is then formulated for nonlinear structural analysis. In the model, a joint is represented by rigid elements located along the joint edges and nonlinear rotational springs embedded in one of the four hinges linking adjacent rigid elements. The connection model is able to well represent the experimental hysteretic joint shear behavior and overall load-displacement response of connection subassemblies.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
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• no.58
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• pp.95-145
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• 2018

As a communication language, non-text records and archives such as photographs, images, and videos are becoming more important than text records. As a result, domestic institution, organizations, and specialists related to record management have been emphasizing the necessity of the archive management system appropriate for the distinctive characteristics of image records. This paper summarizes the points to be considered for the establishment of the Korean audiovisual archives management system, based on the writer's experience of participating in the International Audiovisual Archives Management Training for professionals in the world(INA Frame) of 2018. In particular, various types of contents including cinema, broadcasting, cultural should be managed at the national level. Furthermore, the necessity of a new concept establishment for "public audiovisual heritage" is accentuated. In addition, the tasks regarding the establishment of foundation, such as the modification of the related systems and infrastructures, and the layouts of the institution or governance, should be reviewed and revised. Moreover, the preliminary tasks revised, should be lead to the establishment of stable management system for public audiovisual archives of Korea.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.625-649
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• 2011

Even though "An Outpost of Progress" and Heart of Darkness were based upon Joseph Conrad the sailor's same experience in Congo Free State, their narrative strategies are quite different. The realistic representation of "An Outpost of Progress," with which Conrad was not satisfied at all, was converted into the modernistic narrative strategy of Heart of Darkness so that the sympathetic power of the story should be improved. The conservative value system of realism is expressed by the omniscient author in "An Outpost of Progress," whereas the frame narrator of Heart of Darkness is proved to be an unreliable one whose norms and behavior are not in accordance with the implied author. The glorious history of the British Empire, which was proudly presented by the frame narrator at the beginning of Heart of Darkness, was strongly opposed by Marlow, another narrator, who said that the British Empire had been "one of the dark places of the earth" when ruled by the Roman Empire. The feeling of the frame narrator was uneasily changed into the gloomy mood when he described the Thames as the flow which "seemed to lead into the heart of an immense darkness" at the end of Heart of Darkness. Similar to the straightforward narrative strategy of representation in "An Outpost of Progress," the realistic approach of Part I in Heart of Darkness is considered by Conrad as insufficient to reveal the darkest truth of imperialism, which was declared by Kurtz as "The Horror! The Horror!" Thus Conrad uses the Chinese-box structure, in which Kurtz' episode is enveloped by Marlow's tale which is enclosed by the frame narrator's story, in order to penetrate into the mind of ordinary readers in the novelist's age of New Colonialism, while attacking the ideology itself of imperialism instead of critisizing its inefficiency and individualism.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.1-20
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• 2022

Objective The Constitutional Seong-Jeong therapy is one of the important ways to prevent Sasang constitutional symptomatology. But, there are various interpretations and unclear aspects of the content and meaning, so there are many difficulties in applying it concretely in actual clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to clarify the physiology, pathology, treatment mechanism and its specific meaning. Method The pathology associated with constitutional symptomatology is known as Deepening-Seong and Exploding-Jeong. Therefore, related pathologies and corresponding treatment and prevention mechanisms were reviewed, focusing on the related contents of Donguisusebowon, and their specific meanings were considered. Results and Conclusions 1. Constitutional Seong-Jeong therapy is a regimen to prevent and manage Deepening-Seong and Exploding-Jeong. 2. Deepening-Seong and Exploding-Jeong are the inappropriate occurrences of Seong and Jeong in the poor area of the Heavenly-frame recognition and in the vulnerable area of Humanly-activity practice, and the antecedent cause is covetous desire. 3. Deepening-Seong and Exploding-Jeong cause the weakening in the power of ears-eyes-nose-mouth to perceive Heavenly frame and the power of lung-spleen-liver-kidney to practice Humanly activity in the four constitution's weak system, which lead to the Interruption in processing of four Qi in each weak system. 4. The four constitutions must be careful about the occurrence of covetous desire in the process of recognizing Heavenly frame and doing Humanly activity so that intellectual and behavioral abilities can be exerted to overcome the poor area of the recognition of Heavenly frame and the formation of Humanly activity to prevent deepening-Seong and exploding-Jeong from occurring.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.215-222
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• 2020

In this paper, slit steel rubber bearing is presented as an innovative seismic isolator device. In this type of isolator, slit steel damper is an energy dissipation device. Its advantages in comparison with that of the lead rubber bearing are its simplicity in manufacturing process and replacement of its yielding parts. Also, slit steel rubber bearing has the same ability to dissipate energy with smaller value of displacement. Using finite element method in ABAQUS software, a parametric study is done on the performance of this bearing. Three different kinds of isolator with three different values of strut width, 9, 12 and 15 mm, three values of thickness, 4, 6 and 8 mm and two steel types with different yield stress are assessed. Effects of these parameters on the performance characteristics of slit steel rubber bearing are studied. It is shown that by decreasing the thickness and strut width and by selecting the material with lower yield stress, values of effective stiffness, energy dissipation capacity and lateral force in the isolator reduce but equivalent viscous damping is not affected significantly. Thus, by choosing appropriate values for thickness, strut width and slit steel damper yield stress, an isolator with the desired behavior can be achieved. Finally, the performance of an 8-storey frame with the proposed isolator is compared with the same frame equipped with LRB. Results show that SSRB is successful in base shear reduction of structure in a different way from LRB.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.29-32
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• 2013

The surface roughness and reflectivity of electroless-plated Sn-3.5 wt%Ag on a LED (light emitting diode) lead frame were investigated. Cu electroplating was carried out prior to electroless plating of Sn-3.5Ag to improve the reflectivity of the Sn-3.5Ag deposit. In order to investigate the effect of stirring speed and temperature of the plating solution, surface roughness and reflectivity was measured. The experimental results revealed that the thickness of the deposit layer increased with stirring speed and temperature of the plating solution. Stirring speed is increased from 100 to 300 rpm, the surface roughness was reduced from 0.513 to 0.266 ${\mu}m$, and the reflectivity increased from 1.67 to 1.84 GAM. As temperature of the plating solution increased from 25 to $45^{\circ}C$, the surface roughness reduced from 0.507 to 0.350 ${\mu}m$, and the reflectivity increased from 1.68 to 1.84 GAM.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.9-14
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• 2019

This paper presents several problems that can occur in the development of the ultra-compact LED package of less than 1.0mm and introduces the solution to them. In the existing mold structure, since the upper and lower core parts are integrated, various errors have occurred due to the roughness of EDM in the small model, which is a limiting factor in further reducing the mold size. As a countermeasure, the prefabricated model was presented in an earlier study to overcome the obstacles to the development of a ultra-compact LED package. In this paper, several problems have been found during the fabrication of prototypes as a starting work to produce the results for the presented model. The types are suggested and the solutions are discussed. And by changing the existing 2-row structure to 3-row structure in the same size lead frame, the aspect of efficient production is considered. The experimental procedure verifies the proposed solution and conducts a test to produce a prototype to confirm that a good product can be produced.