• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2018

This thesis attempts to investigate and analyse the architectural characteristics of catholic churches in Gangwon province built in the 1950s. Catholic churches built at that time in Korea had many similarities basically since they were supported by UN forces after the Korean War and were established by priests connected to the Missionary Society of St. Columban. The results of study are as follows. In location, Except one catholic church, the catholic churches preferred low and gentle hill. In layout axis, catholic churches at Youngseo area preferred the north-south layout axis, whereas those at Youngdong favor the east-west layout axis. In approach, most of catholic churches around the Youngseo and Youngdong areas preferred entering the front entrance with a bell tower, whereas three of them at Youngdong did entering the front entrance with a bell tower around the rear corner. In floor plan, catholic churches at Youngseo preferred symmetry, whereas those at Youngdong preferred asymmetry. And every floor plan of catholic churches is rectangular type with transepts except one semicircular type. In apse shape, catholic churches in the Youngseo area preferred non-extruded types like a straight wall, whereas those in Youngdong have extruded types. Every catholic churches have no crypt under ground except one at Gangreung. Except one at Sokcho, every catholic church in this study has choir space in half story.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2005

The recent trends of high-density and high-rise in apartment housing have caused the problems of decrease in ventilation rates and increase of indoor pollutant contaminants. SHS(Sick House Syndrome) has now become a major issue and threats the health of residents. To solve these indoor air problems, increase in ventilation rate is considered as one of the most efficient approach. Thus, the recent housing development is pursuing improvement in the site design and the layout of apartment building blocks to promote natural ventilation is now investigated as one of the fundamental solutions. This study was focused on the air flow characteristics of outdoor environment in an apartment complex to keep the pollutants out of the site. Age of air and pressure difference have been used as indices of the outdoor air quality. Four different types of apartment building layouts have been analyzed by CFD simulation. This study again selected a real apartment housing complex as a case study model. By analyzing the pressure differences between the front and rear of an apartment building block, the ventilation performance in each individual unit was evaluated, and its impact on ventilation performance is investigated by analyzing the stagnant air around the apartment building blocks. During this process, existing patterns of apartment housing layout have been evaluated, and the most appropriate site layout has been chosen to analyze the outdoor airflow patterns. Based on the analysis of airflow patterns of site layout, the possibilities of improving ventilation performance of an individual apartment housing is proposed.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.169-177
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the design characteristics of Hanok hotel. This study was approached by using theoretical investigation and a field survey. The field survey analyzed the current situations by conducting the master plan layout, architecture and interior design of the Hanok hotel. The field survey was tested by examining four different Hanok hotels from February 2014 to July 2014. After all, the results were analyzed based on given categories. The results of this research can be summarized as following. First, the characteristic of the master plan layout in Hanok hotel was appeared as "ㄷ" and "ㅡ" shapes. Those layouts were based on the spatial and the functional aspects of Hanok hotel facilities. Second, three different structural methods such as the korean traditional wooden structure, concrete, and masonry method were used in Hanok hotel construction to deliver the traditional architecture aspects while considering the functionality and convenience of the building. Third, most of Hanok hotels had the limited furniture range. The consideration of using several types of traditional furniture in different rates of the guest rooms help to increase the service quality and customer's satisfaction. Fourth, there were no diversity of using materials and colors in Hanok hotels that only few of them were used to express the traditional look. Fifth, the local characteristics were found in several Hanok hotels. To reflect the local characteristics in Hanok hotel is to construct a suitable environment to fit in nature and also it is easily to convey the local culture to others.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.59-67
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• 1990

In this paper, BLC adder/subtractor and MTG adder which can be used as a fundamental operation block in VLSI processors are designed, and their structural and electrical characteristics are analyzed and compared. Also, two circuits are fabricated usign 2\ulcorner CMOS process and their time delays for critical paths are measured. For 8 bit binary addition, the measured critical delays for MSB sum of the BLC adder/subtractor are 26 nsec for rising delay and 32nsec for falling. Those for MSB carry out of the MTG adder are 28nsed and 38nsec, respectively. The BLC adder/subtractor has a layout area which is 4 times larger than the MTG adder, and a fast operation speed. On the contrary, the MTG adder has a small layout area and a large time delay.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to find the characteristics of design council criteria of metropolitan cities in Koreas. For comparative analysis, four main concepts are used ; 1) self-administering vs discretionary 2) prescriptive vs performance 3) conformity vs contrast 4) point system of criteria. The results of this study were as follows; 1) there were three types of cirteria; strong discretionary (DG), discretionary oriented (BS, US) and combination type (SL, DJ, ICN, GJ) 2) structural properties of forms are controlled by prescriptive criteria, and layout or design elements by performance criteria 3) visual openness and diversity are main items of most metropolitan cities 4) street-faced design was neglected but tended to focus on the self-contained layout 5) visual density indexes were diversified from elevation blockage degree. For further advanced research, it is necessary to investigate the actual effects and differences of regulative types - prescriptive vs performance, and of each design criteria, especially prescriptive ones in improving the design quality.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2008

Ground temperature restoration characteristics are the crucial factors to evaluate whether a ground source heat pump system can keep long time steady operation. They are mainly dependent on soil thermal properties, layout of pile group, operation/shutoff ratio, cooling/heating load, thermal imbalance ratio and so on. On the one hand, several types of vertical pile foundation heat exchangers are intercompared to determine the most efficient one by performance test and numerical method. On the other hand, according to the layout of pile group of a practical engineering and running conditions of a GSHP system in Shanghai, the temperature distribution during a period of five years is numerically studied. The numerical results are analyzed and are used to provide some guidance for the design of large-scale GSHP system.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.173-183
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• 1999

The three design elements of automobile occupant packaging such as pedals, steering wheel, and seat are the most important factors to design an ergonomically sound layout for improving driving comfort and performance. The aim of the study is to find out coherent characteristics of the relationships among three design elements. For this purpose, Triangular Method is suggested. We extracted properties for determining the shape, size, and location of the triangle that is composed of Accelerated Heel Point, Steering Wheel Point, and Hip Point. An experiment was conducted at a seating buck in which the design elements are freely adjustable by the subject to investigate driver's preferred arrangement of three elements. Statistical analyses revealed that there was a subtle change in the shape of triangle according to different percentiles and that the significant difference was observed only for the size of the triangle. The results will be effectively applied to design a comfortable seat packaging layout.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2021년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.101-103
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• 2021

전 세계적으로 수출입 화물이 급격하게 늘어나면서 기업들은 창고의 효율성 증가와 창고 인력 감소로 인해 무인 자동화창고에 대한 관심과 연구개발이 증가하고 있다. 소규모 창고에서는 재고의 흐름을 유동적으로 할 수 있는 셔틀랙 기반의 레이아웃이 빈번하게 존재한다. 그러나 셔틀랙 기반의 물류센터는 비상상황(고장, 정전 등)에서 셔틀이 작동하지 않아 물류센터 효율성과 재고관리에 심각한 영향을 미치고 있다. 이에 셔틀랙 기반의 물류센터에서 다양한 셔틀의 통로와 RTV의 통로를 레이아웃별로 분류하고 특성과 유형을 분석하여 각 레이아웃별로 신뢰성을 도출하였다. 통로의 개수에 따라 적재율도 다르게 도출되어 각 레이아웃별로 신뢰성과 적재율을 비교 분석하였다.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 2004년도 제15회 정기총회 및 동계학술발표회
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• pp.264-265
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• 2004

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to analyze layout characteristics of community facilities for children in apartment housing, to survey parents, who can understand their children best, in regard to the features of using community facilities for children and their satisfaction level, and eventually to provide basic materials for planning future community facilities for children. For this research, seven apartment housing with over 500 households in Dongtan New City were selected as trial apartment housing. The findings of this research are as follows. First, the findings of the survey of the community facilities for children in the apartment housing showed that the facilities could be categorized into playgrounds, playrooms, libraries, and kindergartens/child care centers. Second, according to the survey, the layout types of community facilities for children showed to have various types such as a central type, a concentration type, a balanced distribution type, a near-entrance type, and a combination type. As for their elevation types, they showed to have a stand-alone type, an aboveground type, and an underground type. Third, As a result of the survey on the usage of the community facilities for children by category, most respondents indicated they were using playgrounds and libraries. On the contrary, the users of indoor playrooms and kindergartens/child care centers were concentrated among infants and kindergarteners, and thus the use rate appeared to be low. Fourth, the satisfaction levels of using community facilities for children appeared to be high in general. Particularly, the satisfaction level for kindergarten/child care centers appeared to be higher than those of other facilities. On the contrary, the satisfaction level of libraries appeared to be low.