• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.349-360
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• 2017

In concrete construction work, formwork is an important process that accounts for 10% of the total construction cost. Recent buildings are becoming bigger and higher. In order to maximize the efficiency and safety of this formwork, the system of formworking has been systematized. However, the human accidents and the noise complaints arise from dismantling processes frequently occur. In order to solve these problems, most of them are dependent on foreign technology, but they do not take into consideration the conditions of domestic construction site. In this study, we developed a table type multi-drop system form for a slab and beam which can improve the process, safety and reduction of disassembly noise, and evaluated the physical properties of the main members which are used in the system. The results of this study show that there is sufficient strength to be used as a slab and a laying material for both a yoke beam and a supporting post. The noise level is improved compared to existing method.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.1369-1376
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• 2008

In this study, the effects of feeding citrus byproducts on nutritional components of Korean native chickens were investigated. Two samples of Korean native chickens were used for this study: T0 (chickens fed with only feed for laying hen until they became 39 weeks old, not with citrus byproducts) and T1 (chickens fed with citrus byproducts). The feed for T1 was the same as T0 for the first 16 weeks, and then was made by adding 4% of citrus byproducts to the feed for T0 between $17{\sim}39$ weeks. The chicken used for the experiment was obtained by chilling them for 2 days after slaughter. There was no significant difference between T0 and T1 regardless of feeding citrus byproducts, in terms of their breast/thigh's calorie, contents of moisture, protein, fat and ash, total structural amino acid, total free amino acid and composition of saturated/unsaturated fatty acids. The breast's cholesterol amount of T0 and T1 were 48.4 mg/100 g and 47.6 mg/100 g, respectively, while that of thigh for T0 and T1 were 75.7 mg/100 g and 72.8 mg/100 g, respectively, which implies that T1 showed lower amount of cholesterol than T0. T1 showed significantly higher amount of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and vitamin B2 for thigh than T0 (p<0.05).

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 1999

A shroud is clothes for giving a dead person a bath and being finely dressed:though our routine clothes have been western, putting on a shroud has been kept comparatively well as a tradition of a conventional ceremony garments. This study is about the current using of dressing a shroud, and for presenting foundations of a way about dressing a shroud in order to make the most of this by everyone, therefore this research will be worthwhile to preserve the traditional custom of giving a dead person a bath and being finely dressed. 1. We must confirm the death of a person before we do Su-Si for controlling rightly a corse. Su-Si is ways of changing a clean clothes after bathing the dead person, tieing up hands, feet and ankles with a string, filling up a mouth, a nose and ears with a wad of cotton, laying down the dead person with his head toward east, and setting up a screen after covering the dead person with a bed sheet. 2. Here are processes of putting on a shroud. After the day of death, first of all, you must untie the string to control rightly a corpse, take off the clothes, and give a dead man a bath. You trim the dead person's fingernails and toenails, put them in O-nang, then put his hands and feet in five pouches, finally put feet in korean socks and wrap with Ak-su. You put a underwear in a overwear in order to put on the clothes easily, and then put on an upper garments after putting on trousers. And put on Sb-sin After you wash the dead person's face and his hair, you put gems and raw rice in his mouth, wrap head with cotton fabrics, and put hairs into five pouches, then put on a headgear which is filled with five pouches. 3. You tie up with hem cloth the dead person dressed a shroud after wrapping with Dae-ryum-km and So-ryumkm. 4. After you encoffin the dead person, you weave coffin strings with cotton fabrics in order to lift up the coffin easily, and lay down a red fabrics having white letters about the dead person's name or social position onto the coffin, then cover the coffin with a coffin cover : finally you leave the coffin at the former place and set up screen.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.4
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• pp.41-46
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• 1965

Author investigated the effects of a grate type mounting on. the pupae, moth and deposit of silkworm eggs. The results are as follows. 1) The grate type mounting was more useful for the silkworms to spin the cocoons transversely than the other type. 2) Many abnormal pupae appeared in the control, and in next generation all the silkworm characters of them were poor. 3) The fact which many dead pupae occurred in the control seems to be that the cocoons spun vertical1y did harm to the physiological reactions of the pupae. 4) The moth rate emerging out of the cocoons was higher in the grate type mounting than in the control. 5) Many moths which laid normal eggs were in the grate type mounting, and also laid a lot of eggs. Therefor, author made an infference that the grate type mounting had accelerated the laying eggs. 7) The total weight of eggs produced from 1000 cocoons was heavier in the grate type mounting(index=100) than in the control (index=85). As shown in table of analysis of vanriace, above phenomenon might be relative with one of the reasons why the cocoon spun transversely could be more produced in the grate type mounting than in the control. 8) Even though the grate type mounting costs higher than the other one, it may be available because the egg weight per unit was considerably heavier in its treatment. So the cost of egg production will become cheaper.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 1983

The records on 787 white Leghorn hens from two different strains, A and K were wed in this study to find out the pattern of increase in egg weight with age and the optimum age of early selection for maximizing the genetic gain. The pattern of increase in egg weight with age in two lines which was expressed on graph showed that the amount of increase was larger in the early part of the laying year and it decreased gradually. Regression equations suggested that egg weight increased linearly with age at the rate of 0.46 gram per week for line A and 0.83 gram for line K. And in the regression analyses of each period mean egg weight on annual mean egg weight, the coefficients of EW 30 that is mean egg weight from 29 weeks of age to 32 weeks of age were 0.86 for line A, 0.88 for line K, and those were the highest figures among the all regression coefficients of each mean egg weight on annual mean egg weight. In estimating the relative selection efficiency of each period mean egg weight on annual mean egg weight in EW 46, selection on EW 34 for line A and on EW 30 for line K was the most efficient for improving egg weight. These results suggested that one periods from 29 weeks of age to 36 weeks of age could be used for the best predictable time for improving annual mean egg weight.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.151-156
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• 2002

The objective of this study was to compare the two different eggshell lines of commercial layers on egg traits and egg production rate. Hy-line W-98 (white shell line; WSL) and Hy-line Brown (brown shell line; BSL) were used as experimental stocks. The birds in each line were allocated to three floor pens each containing 25-birds. They were fed a ration containing 15.5% CP and 2,700 ㎉/kg ME, and were supplied 16 h of light per day throughout the experimental Periods. The egg traits and egg Production rate were measured from 53 to 56-wk-old and 20 to 56-wk-old, respectively. The mean egg weight and the mean percentage albumen were significantly heavier and higher (P<0.05) in the BSL than in the WSL, respectively. The mean eggshell thickness and the mean percentage shell were also significantly thicker and higher (P<0.05) in the BSL than those in the WSL, respectively. However, the mean percentage yolk and the yolk to albumen ratio showed a reverse trend as shown in the mean percentage albumen or percentage eggshell. Although the WSL birds started laying 4 d earlier than the BSL ones, the overall mean egg Production rate for BSL during 20 to 56 wk of age was significantly higher (P<0.05) by 6.6% than the WSL. It was concluded that the eggs of brown eggshell line had heavier egg weight and thicker shell, and they had more percentage of albumen, but less percentage of yolk than those of the white eggshell line. These results suggest that the brown eggshell line raised on the floor might be more beneficial than the white eggshell line not only for the preference of the table egg consumers, but also for the efficient production of the eggs.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.169-175
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• 2003

This experiment was conducted to study the optimum energy feeding regimens fur broiler breeders peaked in winter season with 400 caged hens of Ross strain. Four energy supply regimens which were different in daily energy allotment during laying period were employed for 40 weeks from 24 to 64 weeks of age. All experimental diets were formulated to contain 2,750 kcal ME/kg with adjustments made in total feed allotment to provide the desired energy levels. Total consumption of the feed would provide 20 g of protein, 4 g of calcium and 0.35 g of available phosphorus. There were no difference in hen-day egg production and average egg weight among the regimens of energy supply. Feed, ME and feed cost required per egg or per kg egg were significantly increased as the level of energy allotment increased(p<0.05). It was concluded that the energy supply regimen, which supplied 280 kcal ME per day at the age of 24 weeks and then increased the energy supply up to 400 kcal ME per day at the peak period of 30∼34 weeks of age, was superior in feed, ME and feed cost required per egg or per kg egg without any adverse effect on eg production and egg weight.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.293-300
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• 2009

The rate of fetus with abnormal chromosomes increase with maternal age. Nondisjunction of aging oocyte chromosome is a major reason for the increased rate of abnormalities. Telomeres are the ends of eukaryotic chromosome, which are essential for chromosome stability and are related in cell senescence. This study was carried out to analyze the chromosome aberration rate and amount of telomeric DNA in chick embryo along with maternal age. Fertilized eggs and blood were sampled from White Leghorn layers starting at 20 weeks through to 70 weeks age at 10 weeks interval. Chromosome aberration rate was analyzed by karyotyping. The amounts of telomeric DNA in embryonic cells and lymphocytes were quantified by Quantitative Fluorescence in situ Hybridization method. The chromosome aberration rate in chick embryos significantly differed with maternal age. The chromosome aberration rate increased at early laying period and beyond 70 weeks of maternal age. Therefore, chromosome aberration rate was affected by maternal age due to ovulated oocytes state. However, the amount of telomeric DNA on embryonic cells did not differ significantly with maternal age. Thus, maternal age does not affects telomere quantity in their embryos due to cellular reprograming at early embryonic stage after fertilization.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2014

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of feeding fermented earthworm cast additives (FEC) on egg production, egg yolk fatty acids, blood lipid, cecal microorganism and fecal odor. The completely randomized experiment was applied, and the treatments were designed as 2 feeding regimens (control vs. FEC feeding), and FEC contained 3.5% top dressing to common diet. Egg production and egg weight of FEC group were significantly higher than that of control (p<0.05). Ratios of n-6/n-3 fatty acids in the egg yolk of FEC group were significantly higher than those in control group (p<0.05). Concentrations of HDL-C in FEC group was significantly higher than control group (p<0.05), but not triglyceride and total cholesterol. The caecal Lactobacillus of FEC group was significantly higher in FEC group than control group (p<0.05). $NH_3$ concentrations from poultry house were significantly lower in FEC group than control (p<0.05). In conclusion, these study results showed that the addition of FEC at 3.5% to the diet has reduced odor of poultry house and improved the n-6/n-3 fatty acid of egg yolk and egg production in laying hens.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.5_4
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• pp.1245-1254
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• 2020

In this study, the limitations of the existing water level detection algorithm using CCTV images were recognized and the water level detection algorithm was improved by applying the Region growing technique. It applied three techniques (Horizontal projection profile, Texture analysis, and Optical flow) to estimate the water area, and the results were analyzed in a comprehensive analysis to select the initial water area. The water level was then continuously detected by the Region growing technique, referring to the initial water area. As a result, it was possible to confirm that the exact level of water was detected without being affected by environmental factors compared to the existing level detection algorithm, which had frequent mis-detection phenomena depending on the surrounding environmental factors. In addition, the water level was detected in the video showing flooded roads in urban areas, not in the video of the river. These results are believed to be able to supplement the difficulty of monitoring at all times with limited manpower by automatically detecting the level of water through numerous CCTV footage installed throughout the country, and to contribute to laying the foundation for preventing disasters caused by torrential rains and typhoons in advance.