• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.317-325
• /
• 1988

농축대두단백으로 만든 두유를 여러 가지 정도로 가열 처리한 후 젖산균 5종을 각각 접종하여 두유의 가열처리가 젖산균의 생육과 산생성 그리고 대두요구르트의 관능성과 커드의 침전에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 먼저 산생성을 보면 표준시료(비가열(非加熱)시료)에 비하여 $60^{\circ}C-10$분 또는 그 이상의 가열로 모든 균주에서 산생성이 촉진되었으며 그 촉진의 정도는 대체로 가열의 정도가 높을수록 점차적으로 증가하여 Streptococcus lactis를 제외한 4균주의 산생성이 $121^{\circ}C-1$분에서 가장 높았다. 그러나 생균수는 가열 처리로 큰 변화가 없었다. 대두젖산균 음료의 관능성에 미치는 영향을 보면 $95^{\circ}C-30$분 시료의 관능 성은 표준시료보다 현저하게 우수하였으나 $121^{\circ}C-15$분 시료의 관능성은 표준시료보다 현저하게 저조하였다. 한편 두유의 가열처리로 대두젖산균 음료의 침전이 지연디는 경향을 보였으며 특히 $121^{\circ}C-15$분의 가여로 침전이 현저하게 지연되었다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.666-673
• /
• 2015

본 연구에서는 항암 등의 기능성이 우수한 것으로 알려진 개똥쑥 추출물을 첨가하여 김치를 제조하여 김치 품질특성 변화를 살펴보았다. 개똥쑥의 물 또는 70% 에탄올로 추출물 1 또는 2% 첨가하여 김치를 제조하고 10, $15^{\circ}C$에서 20일간 숙성하면서 pH, 산도, 환원당, 생균수 및 젖산균수의 변화 및 관능조사를 하였다. 개똥쑥의 첨가여부와는 관계없이 pH, 산도 환원당, 생균수 및 젖산균수는 저장 4~6일까지 증가하고 이후 완만히 증가하는 경향을 보여 개똥쑥 추출물이 김치 품질에 미치는 영향은 크지 않은 것으로 나타났으며 개똥쑥 추출물 첨가 김치의 적정 숙성온도 및 기간은 $10^{\circ}C$에서 10일간이었다. 관능검사의 경우 맛, 향 등의 기호도에서 전반적으로 개똥쑥 물 또는 에탄올 추출물 1%를 첨가하여 제조하는 것이 좋았으나 개똥쑥 물 또는 에탄올 추출물 2%를 첨가한 김치는 쓴 맛과 검은 색 등으로 인해 기호도가 떨어진 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 개똥쑥 물 또는 에탄올 추출물은 김치 제조에 1%를 김치 제조에 첨가하는 것이 적당한 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.188-194
• /
• 2002

To study the effect of wheat bran and lactic acid producing bacteria (LAB) on the performance of calves, 20 crossbred male cattle calves (day old), distributed into two groups were fed on calf starters containing 50 or 0% maize grain, along with green berseem ad libitum and milk as per body weight. Each group was further divided into two sub groups and one subgroup of each group was supplemented with mixed culture of LAB (Lactobacillus acidophilus L. casei, L. Jugarti). Milk feeding was discontinued after 8 weeks of age. The addition of culture increased (p<0.05) DM intake in calves receiving grainless diet from eighth week to the thirteenth one. There was about 21% higher body weight gain and 14% lower feed : gain ratio in culture supplemented calves. DM digestibility was significantly lower (p<0.05) in calves getting grain without culture. The crude protein NDF and ADF digestibility was higher (p<0.05) in grainless than the grain fed group. No major change on rumen fermentation pattern among different treatments was found. The concentration of total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and protozoa count was higher (p<0.05) in grain fed group. However, lactic acid concentration was higher and rumen pH was lower due to culture feeding. The incidence as well as severity of diarrhoea was reduced in culture supplemented group. The results indicate that crossbred calves can be reared successfully on grainless diet and berseen fodder. The performance of calves was also improved by LAB supplementation.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제51권1호
• /
• pp.10-17
• /
• 2023

Dairy products are extensively used as carriers of probiotic strains that have potential health benefits. Assessment of the viability of probiotic strains during manufacturing is important to ensure that products meet recommended levels. Hence, the method for accurately quantifying lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in probiotic or dairy products is required. The present study aims to examine the performance of de-Man Rogosa Sharpe (MRS), plate count agar with bromocresol purple (PCA with BCP), and glucose blood liver (BL) agars recommended in the Korea Food Code guidelines for counting LAB. Analysis of the performance of culture media containing 19 lactic acid bacterial species commonly encountered in probiotic and dairy products showed no statistically significant difference between 18 reference strains and three culture media (p > 0.01). Furthermore, the suitability of three culture media was verified for the quantitative assessment of LAB in 25 probiotic and dairy products. The number of LAB in three culture media was determined to be more than 10⁷ colony-forming unit (CFU)/ml for fermented milk products and 10⁸ CFU/ml for condensed fermented milk and probiotic products, indicating that they all satisfied the Korea Food Code guidelines. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference in the amount of LAB counted in all three culture media, suggesting that they can be used to isolate or enumerate LAB in commercial products. Finally, three culture media will be useful for isolating and enumerating LAB from fermented foods as well as gut microflora.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.325-333
• /
• 2005

가루녹차를 첨가한 기능성 요구르트를 개발하기 위한 기초 연구로 가루녹차의 농도별 첨가가 요구르트 균주의 증식 및 산 생성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 가루녹차를 첨가한 skim milk 배지에 Streptococcus thor-mophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei 를 단독 균주 및 혼합 균주로 접종하여 배양하면서 생 균수와 pH 및 적정산도를 측정하였다. 단독균주의 경우 가루녹차의 첨가 농도($0.5\%,\;1.0\%,\;1.5\%,\;2.0\%\;and\;2.5\%$)를 달리하였을 때 streptococcus thermophilus와 Lactobacillus casei는 가루녹차 첨가에 의해 증식 효과는 아주 미비하였으나 억제 효과가 나타나지 않았으며, Lactobacillus acidophilus는 배양 9시간부터 가루녹차 첨가구에서 대조구에 비해 높은 균수를 보이며 약간의 생육 촉진 효과를 보였고, 배양 12시간부터 pH가 하락하였고 적정산도는 상승하였다. 그러나 가루녹차의 첨가량에 따른 생육과 산 생성 정도에 미치는 영향의 차이는 뚜렷하지 않았다. 혼합 균주의 경우, 단독균주로 배양하였을 때보다 가루녹차에 의한 유산균의 증식이 촉진되었다. Streptococcus thermophilus와 Lac-tobacillus acidophilus는 가루녹차 $0.5\%$와 $1.0\%$ 첨가시, 배양 15시간 후에 각각 $1.5\times10^9$ CFU/mL, 또한 Streptococcus thermophilus와 Lactobacillus casei는 가루녹차 $0.5\%$ 첨가시 배양 12시간 후 $1.4\times10^9$ CFU/mL, $1.0\%$ 첨가시에는 배양 15시간 후에 $1.5\times10^9$ CFU/mL로 최대 균수를 나타내었으며, pH 저하와 적정산도 상승이 뚜렷하였다. 따라서 가루녹차 첨가 기능성 요구르트 제조시 가루녹차를 $0.5\~l.0\%$ 첨가하여 유산균을 혼합균주로 사용하는 것이 이들 유산균의 증식에 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.804-812
• /
• 2017

This study was carried out to determine the physicochemical, microbiological, and quality characteristics of a new type of fermented sausage manufactured by incorporating Baechu-kimchi powder and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The LAB count was at the maximum level by day nine of ripening in inoculated sausages, accompanied by a rapid decrease in the pH. The addition of kimchi powder decreased the lightness ($L^*$) and increased the redness ($a^*$) and, yellowness ($b^*$) values, while also significantly increasing the hardness and chewiness of the sausage (p<0.05). Moreover, although the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances values increased in all samples during the study period, this increase was lower in the kimchi-treated samples, indicating a reduction in lipid oxidation. Overall, our results show that the addition of Baechu-kimchi powder to sausages reduced the off-flavor properties and improved the taste profile of the fermented sausage in sensory evaluations. The GABA content of all fermented sausages increased from 17.42-25.14 mg/kg on the third day of fermentation to 60.95-61.47 mg/kg on the thirtieth day. These results demonstrate that Baechu-kimchi powder and GABA-producing LAB could be functional materials in fermented sausage to improve quality characteristics.

• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.467-475
• /
• 2012

본 연구는 녹차 추출물의 첨가 수준(0 ppm, 400 ppm, 800 ppm 및 1,200 ppm)이 김치 발효 소시지의 젖산균, 산화안정성 및 향기에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 실시하였다. 시료는 $24^{\circ}C/RH$ 89%에서 pH 4.9까지(17시간) 발효시킨 후 $10^{\circ}C/RH$ 75-80%에서 6일간 건조시켰다. 젖산균수와 pH는 최종 6일째에 각각 7.5-7.7 Log CFU/g sausage 및 4.30-4.33이었으며, 녹차 추출물의 첨가 수준에 따른 차이가 없었다. TBARS(2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) 함량은 첨가 수준이 증가함에 따라 현저하게 억제되었다. 명도($L^*$)와 적색도($a^*$)는 녹차 추출물의 첨가에 의해 숙성 중 감소되었으며, 황색도($b^*$)는 증가되었다. 전자코(electronic nose)에 의한 향기 패턴은 첨가구들과 대조구간에 뚜렷한 차이를 보였다. 따라서 녹차 추출물의 첨가 수준의 증가는 김치 발효 소시지의 지방산화 안정성을 향상시켰다. 또한 첨가 수준과 관계 없이 녹차 추출물은 색깔 안정성을 저하시키고, 젖산균의 생장에 영향을 미치지 못하였으나, 향기를 변화시켰다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.743-750
• /
• 2012

A tissue cultured wild ginseng (TCWG) suspension was inoculated with lactic acid bacteria and fermented to improve the functionality of TCWG. The utilization of TCWG was increased directly using the freeze-dried powder. The optimal ratio of TCWG powder and water for fermentation was 1:19 (5%), which was selected by measuring the fluidity and viable cell count according to concentration. The effects on ADH activation and immune cell activation by each ferments with 10 kinds of Lactobacillus sp. strains were examined. The ferments with the Lactobacillus casei KFRI 692 strain showed 5.4 times higher ADH activity and 1.3 times higher ALDH activity than the non-fermented TCWG powder (control). The level of NO production and cytotoxicity was also measured by Raw 264.7 cells. The ferment with the Lac. casei KFRI 692 strain showed the highest level of NO production and lower cytotoxicity than the others. Therefore, the Lac. casei KFRI 692 strain was selected as a strain for fermentation of a TCWG suspension to maximize its functionality. To identify the optimal fermentation time of the selected Lac. casei KFRI 692 strain on the 5% TCWG suspension, the viable cell count of lactic acid bacterial and the changes in pH were observed for 72 hours. 24-hrs was found to be the optimal fermentation time. In this way, fermented TCWG with lactic acid bacteria showed higher ADH activation efficacy and immune cell activation than non-fermented TCWG.

• Animal Bioscience
• /
• 제35권2호
• /
• pp.281-289
• /
• 2022

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the exopolysaccharides (EPS)-producing lactic acid bacteria from Taiwanese ropy fermented milk (TRFM) for developing a clean label low-fat fermented milk. Methods: Potential isolates from TRFM were selected based on the Gram staining test and observation of turbid suspension in the culture broth. Random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and API CHL 50 test were used for strain identification. After evaluation of EPS concentration, target strains were introduced to low-fat milk fermentation for 24 h. Fermentation characters were checked: pH value, acidity, viable count, syneresis, and viscosity. Sensory evaluation of fermented products was carried out by 30 volunteers, while the storage test was performed for 21 days at 4℃. Results: Two EPS-producing strains (APL15 and APL16) were isolated from TRFM and identified as Lactococcus (Lc.) lactis subsp. cremoris. Their EPS concentrations in glucose and lactose media were higher than other published strains of Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris. Low-fat fermented milk separately prepared with APL15 and APL16 reached pH 4.3 and acidity 0.8% with a viable count of 9 log colony-forming units/mL. The physical properties of both products were superior to the control yogurt, showing significant improvements in syneresis and viscosity (p<0.05). Our low-fat products had appropriate sensory scores in appearance and texture according to sensory evaluation. Although decreasing viable cells of strains during the 21-day storage test, low-fat fermented milk made by APL15 exhibited stable physicochemical properties, including pH value, acidity, syneresis and sufficient viable cells throughout the storage period. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris APL15 isolated from TRFM had good fermentation abilities to produce low-fat fermented milk. These data indicate that EPS-producing lactic acid bacteria have great potential to act as natural food stabilizers for low-fat fermented milk.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.196-205
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 돼지감자 분말을 첨가한 발효유 제조의 이화학적 분석을 통해서 돼지감자를 식품소재로써 활용하고자 첨가량에 따른 발효 품질특성을 분석하였다. 돼지감자 분말 1%, 3%, 5% 첨가 발효유 중 5% 첨가구가 산 생성이 가장 우수하였고, 유산균 수도 가장 높게 생장하였다. 또한, 유산 생성이 활발하였고, 항산화 활성과 항균활성도 높았다. 점도는 5% 첨가구에서 가장 높았는데, 물성적인 측면에서 고려할 사항으로 사료된다. 돼지감자분말 첨가 발효유 생산이 유가공산업의 활성화에 기여하길 기대한다.