• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제14권8호
• /
• pp.4705-4709
• /
• 2013

Background: Cambodian Americans have high rates of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and liver cancer. There is very limited information about the utility of community health worker (CHW) approaches to cancer education for Asian American men. We have previously reported our positive findings from a trial of CHW education about HBV for Cambodian Americans who had never been tested for HBV. This report describes similarities and differences between the outcomes of our CHW HBV educational intervention among Cambodian American men and women. Methods: The study group for this analysis included 87 individuals (39 men and 48 women) who were randomized to the experimental (HBV education) arm of our trial, participated in the CHW educational intervention, and provided follow-up data six months post-intervention. We examined HBV testing rates at follow-up, changes in HBV-related knowledge between baseline and follow-up, and barriers to HBV testing (that were reported to CHWs) by gender. Results: At follow-up, 15% of men and 31% of women reported they had received a HBV test (p=0.09). HBV-related knowledge levels increased significantly among both men and women. With respect to HBV testing barriers, women were more likely than men to cite knowledge deficits, and men were more likely than women to cite logistic issues. Discussion: Our study findings indicate that CHW interventions can positively impact knowledge among Cambodian American men, as well as women. They also suggest CHW interventions may be less effective in promoting the use of preventive procedures by Cambodian American men than women. Future CHW research initiatives should consider contextual factors that may differ by gender and, therefore, potentially influence the relative effectiveness of CHW interventions for men versus women.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국응용약물학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.82-82
• /
• 1997

The hepatitis B virus(HBV) is a small, enveloped virus with a circular, double-stranded DNA genome. HBV causes active and chronic hepatitis worldwide, including Korea, and is considered to be a major factor for liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In contrast to the wealth of knowledge on the gene structure and expressional regulation, immunological and pathological mechanisms for HBV-induced hepatocellular injury are not well known. In the present study, vaccinia virus which has been demonstrated to be a useful eukaryotic expression vector was used to clone the gene for HBV surface antigen, L(S+preS2+preS1). The recombinant vaccinia virus vector, pMJ-L, which contains L surface antigen gene of adr-type HBV was constructed, and subseouently used for making recombinant vaccinia virus VV-$\textrm{HBV}_{L}$. Expression of the HBV antigen was examined by immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) test using mouse monoclonal anti-hepatitis B surface antigen. HBsAg was detected in the recombinant virus indicating that the VV-$\textrm{HBV}_{L}$ expressed S antigen successfully. The HBV-Vaccinia Virus recombinant obtained in this study is currently being used for studying the immunological aspects of HBV infection.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.90-109
• /
• 1988

This study was carried out to find the influencing factors on the acceptance of vaccination of viral hepatitis type B. Two groups of students, 362 undergraduates of Korea University were surveyed for research. The compliant group was 156 students who were inoculated with viral hepatitis type B shot more than one time. The non-compliant group was 206 students who were not inoculated. The measures used for this study were Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scales and the one developed by the researcher on the basis of literature review about Health Belief Model. The results of this stuby were as follows. The awareness on health of the compliant group was higher than that of the non-compliant group(t=0.39, P<0.05), And perceived barrier of the compliant group was lower than that of the non-compliant group(t=0.35, P<0.05). But the knowledge about the viral hepatitis type B of the compliant group was lower than that of the non-compliant group(t=2.49, P<0.05). There were no differences between two groups in the perceived susceptibility of the hepatitis and the perceived benifit of the hepatitis vaccination. There was no difference between two groups in terms of the Inner Health Locus of Control (HLOC) and Chance HLOC. On the other hand Powerful-Others HLOC of the compliant group was higher than that of the non-compliant group(t=3.67, P<0.05). 'Parent's advice' was found to be the major answer to the motive of being vaccinated in the compliant group. This explains that the most influencial factor in determining one's health behavior is the parent's opinion. Answers to the question of the reason of not being vaccinated were, 'did not want to bother' and 'did not care yet' in order. As a whole, except for the awareness on health and the perceived barrier of the hepatitis vaccination, this study result shows disagreement with the past investigations on the inter-relationship between one's health belief or Health Locus of Control and the health behavior. The author of this study believes this was due to the limitation in the survey group's particular homogenity.

• 중환자간호학회지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.28-41
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge, perception and compliance to prevent from blood borne infection for the nurses working at operating room. Methods: The data was collected from the questionnaire surveying 330 operating room nurses from 7 different hospitals located in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do from February 11 to March 7 2008. The instrument for perception and compliance to prevent from blood borne infection was 24-item questionnaire, which had been developed by Choi(2005). In addition, to find out the knowledge level of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, AIDS and handling of syringes, 19-item questionnaire was used, which was developed by researcher based on Kim(2003) and Choi(2005). Results: The average score of the knowledge was 14.42. The average perception was 4.51 out of 5.00. The average compliance was 3.91 out of 5.00. The correlation among the knowledge, perception and compliance to prevent from blood borne infection showed that there was positive correlation between the knowledge and perception(r= .234, p= .000) and also it was positive between perception and compliance(r= .415, p= .000). Conclusion: To improve compliance to prevent from blood borne infection for operating room nurses, it should be studied to enhance the perception to prevent from blood borne infection. Moreover, the operating room should be equipped with protective devices and written safety guidelines.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.89-99
• /
• 2003

This study aims to furnish basic data about prevention and infection control of Hepatitis B Virus(HBV) for those who, working in dental offices, are particularly exposed to a high risk of HBV infection. A survey was conducted to 310 students including freshmen, sophomores and juniors enrolled in the dental hygiene department in order to examine their knowledge about infection routes of HBV, clinical history of their family members and their own health. The outcomes of the survey showed following facts; 1. Students were found to lack knowledge about the present conditions of their HBsAg and HBsAb of HBV(PF0.05), conduct of preventive vaccination(PE0.05), completion of 3 required vaccinations(PF0.05) and formation of antibody(PF0.05). 2. Students named "blood"(88.6%) and "infected needles"(82.5%) as most likely infection routes of HBV(PE0.05 and PE0.01). These replies came mostly from sophomores(65.6% and 92.1%), followed by juniors(89.2%, 82.5%) and freshmen(81.1%, 73.0%). Least knowledge about infection routes of HBV was sensed with the reply "infection through breast-feeding of positive mother(27.9%)"(PE0.05). Generally, sophomores seemed to have much knowledge about infection routes, followed by juniors and freshmen in order. 3. As to clinical history of family members, 10 students(3.5%) replied that any of their family members is suffering from HBV now, 8(2.6%) revealed that some of their family members once suffered from it and 10(3.2%) reported cases of death of their family members from liver diseases. 4. Ninety-four point seven percent of respondents believed their health to be better than normal.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.1687-1692
• /
• 2012

Background: Few studies have examined theoretically informed constructs related to hepatitis B (HBV) testing, and comparisons across studies are challenging due to lack of uniformity in constructs assessed. The present analysis examined relationships among Health Behavior Framework factors across four Asian American groups to advance the development of theory-based interventions for HBV testing in at-risk populations. Methods: Data were collected from 2007-2010 as part of baseline surveys during four intervention trials promoting HBV testing among Vietnamese-, Hmong-, Korean- and Cambodian-Americans (n = 1,735). Health Behavior Framework constructs assessed included: awareness of HBV, knowledge of transmission routes, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, doctor recommendation, stigma of HBV infection, and perceived efficacy of testing. Within each group we assessed associations between our intermediate outcome of knowledge of HBV transmission and other constructs, to assess the concurrent validity of our model and instruments. Results: While the absolute levels for Health Behavior Framework factors varied across groups, relationships between knowledge and other factors were generally consistent. This suggests similarities rather than differences with respect to posited drivers of HBV-related behavior. Discussion: Our findings indicate that Health Behavior Framework constructs are applicable to diverse ethnic groups and provide preliminary evidence for the construct validity of the Health Behavior Framework.

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.138-144
• /
• 2015

본 연구는 치위생과 학생을 대상으로 B형간염에 대한 건강신념의 차이를 파악하고 HBV 예방접종에 영향을 미치는 요인을 규명함으로써 B형간염 예방에 대한 보건교육의 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 경상도 지역에 소재한 3개 대학에서 재학 중인 임상현장 실습을 앞 둔 2 3학년 281명을 대상으로 2013년 4월 22일부터 5월 3일까지 자기기입식 설문조사를 실시하여 수집한 자료를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 일반적 특성 및 B형간염 관련특성에 따른 예방접종 상태를 알아본 결과 학년에 따라 예방접종주사를 맞은 경우는 3학년 129명(71.3%), 2학년 45명(45.0%)으로 3학년의 예방접종률이 높게 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다(p<0.001). 과거 B형간염에 대한 교육경험에 따라 예방접종주사를 맞은 경우는 경험이 있는 경우 87명(71.3%), 경험이 없는 경우 87명(54.7%)으로 교육경험이 있는 경우 예방접종률이 높게 나타났다(p=0.017). 학년에 따른 B형간염에 걸릴 가능성이 있다고 믿는 감수성은 3학년이 2.54로 높았고, B형간염에 관한 장애감은 2학년이 3.50으로 3학년 2.88 보다 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 건강신념 중 심각성과 예방접종 간에는 유의한 양의 상관이 있었고(r=0.179, p=0.003), 장애감과 예방접종 간에도 통계적으로 유의한 음의 상관이 있어(r=-0.183, p=0.002) B형간염에 대한 심각성을 많이 느낄수록 그리고 장애감을 적게 느낄수록 예방접종 이행이 많은 경향이 있었다. B형간염 예방접종에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석한 결과 학년에 따라서는 2학년이 3학년에 비해 예방접종 이행이 0.39배(95% CI=0.21, 0.71) 낮은 것으로 나타났다. B형간염에 대한 심각성이 1단위 높아질수록 예방접종 이행률은 1.80배(95% CI=1.29, 2.52) 증가하였으며 장애감은 1단위 높아질수록 0.61배(95% CI=0.41, 0.90) 감소하는 것으로 나타났다(p<0.05). 따라서 치위생과 학생들이 의무적으로 B형간염 예방접종을 실천하기 위해서는 1학년 때부터 교육할 수 있는 교육과정 안에 프로그램 개발이 시급하다 할 수 있으며 구체적인 교육이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. 또한 일회성 교육이 아닌 지속적인 교육으로 학년별로 매회 교육해야 할 것이며, 정확하고 철저한 교육이 되어 의무적인 B형간염 예방접종이 이루어 질 수 있도록 구체적인 방안이 모색되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국가금학회지
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.13-19
• /
• 2011

2010년 2월 전남 지역의 인접한 두 곳의 오리농가에서 급성 폐사가 발생하여 병성감정을 실시한 결과, DHV와 살모넬라균의 혼합 감염으로 판정되었다. A 농장의 경우 폐사 전에 몸을 떨고 머리와 다리 부위를 뒤로 뻗치는 등 전형적인 후궁반장 등의 신경 증상을 보였으며, 부검 소견 상 총 10수 중 3수에서 간의 출혈 반점과 소장 내 출혈이 관찰되었다. 하지만 B 농장은 임상 증상이 없었으며, 또한 부검소견 상 총 10수 중 2수에서 선위 궤양이 관찰된 것을 제외하고 아무런 육안 병변이 관찰되지 않았다. 간에 대한 조직학적 소견으로 두 농장에 공통적으로 간세포의 다발성 괴사 및 정상 배열 소실, 담세관의 증식, 림프구의 침윤, 섬유소성 괴사 및 세균 집락이 관찰되었고 전반적인 출혈 소견이 확인되었다. 분자생물학적 검사 결과, 두 농장 모두 DHV와 살모넬라균의 유전자 양성으로 확인되었다. 본 논문은 오리에서 DHV와 S. typhimurium의 혼합 감염의 병리학적 특성을 보고하는 증례이며, 또한 국내에 A형과 C형 DVH가 동시에 존재하고 있음을 밝혔다.

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제7권1호
• /
• pp.13-20
• /
• 2007

본 연구는 진료실의 특성상 B형 간염에 감염 위험성이 높은 치과 진료실에서 근무하는 치과위생사를 대상으로 B형 간염에 대한 인지도와 노출에 대한 조사를 실시하여 B형 간염에 대한 감염 예방 대책을 모색하는 데 기초 자료를 제공하고자서울 경기도와 전라도 지역에 근무하고 있는 치과위생사 354명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 일반적 특성에 따라 B형 간염 예방접종률은 63.7%~100%로 나타났다. 2. 예방접종을 한 대상자 가운데 접종시기와 3회 완전접종유무 그리고 항체형성 여부를 확인 한 바, 근무지역 특성과 관련된 접종 시기를 보면 서울 경기도는 1년 전시기에서, 전라도에는 5년 이상에서 가장 높게 나타났으며(p < 0.05), 연령 특성상 접종 시기는 20대에서 1년전에 접종 받았다는 응답률이, 30세 이상에서는 5년 이상 되었다는 응답률이 가장 높게 나타났다(p < 0.001). 총 경력 특성에 있어서는 1~3년과 4~6년 경력자는 1년전 접종 비율이, 7년 이상 경력자는 접종 시기 5년의 비율이 가장 높게 나타났으며(p < 0.001), 건강상태에 따른 특성에서는 매우 건강과 보통에서 1년 전 접종, 대체로 건강함과 건강하지 못함에서는 접종 시기 5년 이상, 매우건강하지 못함에서는 접종 시기 5년 전이라는 응답률이 높게 나타났다(p < 0.01). 기혼자는 접종 시기가 5년 이상 되었다는 응답률이, 미혼자는 1년 전 접종이라는 응답이 가장 높게 나타났다(p < 0.001). 3회 완전접종은 일반적 특성에 따라 64.3%~100% 수준이었는데 연령 특성에서 보면 25~29세에서 가장 높은 결과를, 그 다음은 30세 이상, 20~24세 순이었다(p < 0.05). 항체형성 여부는 일반적인 특성에 따라 45%~100% 수준이었고, 이 중 통계적으로 유의한 수준을 보인 건강 특성상 매우 건강하지 못한 상태가 100%를 차지했으며, 보통, 대 체로 건강, 매우 건강, 건강하지 못한 순이었다(p < 0.05). 3. 가족의 B형 간염 기왕력 조사 결과 연령이 높을수록(p < 0.01), 건강하지 않을수록(p < 0.01), 미혼보다 기혼에서 조금 높게 나타났다(p < 0.01). 4. B형 간염에 대한 지식 수준은 일반적 특성에 따라 8점 만점에 4.39점~5.01점 수준을 나타냈다. 5. 일반적 특성에 따라 진료 시 혈액 및 타액 등의 이물질이 얼굴에 튄 경험은 매우 높게 나타났다(87.%~100%). 6. 일반적 특성에 따라 주사 바늘에 찔린 경험을 조사한 결과 75%~100%의 매우 높은 결과를 보였으며, 연령이 높을수록(p < 0.05), 경력이 많을수록(p < 0.05) 높게 나타났다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.30-39
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine factors influencing for the compliance of guidelines of preventing bloodborne infection for operating room nurses. Method: Data was collected through questionnaires from March 16 to April 12, 2005. The subjects of this study were consisted of 208 operating room nurses, who had been working at 4 university hospitals and 10 general hospitals in Busan. The Instrument for the compliance of guidelines for preventing bloodborne infection was 24-item questionnaire. It was revised based on the Standard Precaution of CDC and Bloodborne Pathogen Standards of OSHA. In addition, to find out the knowledge level of AIDS, hepatitis B and hepatitis C, 15-item questionnaire was used, which had been made by researcher based on Kim(1999) et, al. Results: The affecting factors of compliance for preventing bloodborne infection were work skill(${\beta}=.27$), operating room education on infection prevention(${\beta}=.25$), knowledge on infection(${\beta}=.19$), readiness of using personal protective equipment(${\beta}=.18$), and posting a notice of infected surgery patients(${\beta}=.16$). Theses 5 factors account for 28.5% on the compliance of guidelines for preventing bloodborne infection for operating room nurses. Conclusion: According to the results, to increase the compliance level of operating room nurses, personal efforts should be made to improve work skills and infection knowledge. In addition to organizational efforts on practical education and management of environment were required.