• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.201-220
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• 2013

This study focused on science activities that need collaborative inquiry process and evaluate the effects of small group's science cooperative learning according to personality types on young children's science activities. The subjects are 30 five-year-old kindergarteners. They have been divided equally into three groups, extroversion(E), interversion(I), and heterogeneous group of EI mixed group depending on EI indicators through K-ABC cognitive ability tests and MMTIC personality types targeting. Both of groups have 10 members each. For data analysis, scientific attitude was analyzed with ANCOVA, scientific knowledge development was done with frequency analysis. As a result, first there was a difference in scientific knowledge development between the homogeneous group and heterogeneity group in small group's cooperative learning. Through the results of a Scheffe post-hoc test, there was a significant difference between E and I homogeneous groups but there was no difference between I homogeneous group and the heterogeneity group, and between E homogeneous group and the heterogeneity group, I homogeneous group had the most effective group composition in scientific attitude improvement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the operators' perception of the allowable price range and the optimal price of kindergarten meals by using the PSM (price sensitivity measurement) technique and provide basic data on calculating kindergarten meal costs reflecting realistic meals. From April to May 2021, 779 kindergartens in Seoul were surveyed, based on 246 (31.6%) of the respondents. According to the survey, kindergarteners spent 3,506 won for meals on average, followed by 3,822 won for kindergarten attached to elementary school, 3,316 won for public kindergartens, and 2,896 won for private kindergartens (p<0.001). The allowed price range for the kindergarten meal service workers was estimated at 3,447~3854 won, 3,447 won for PMC (Point of Marginal Cheapness), and 3,854 won for PME (Point of Marginal Expensiveness). The appropriate cost of the kindergarten meal service provider was 3,950 won for kindergartens attached to elementary school, 3,425 won for public kindergartens, and 3,546 won for private kindergartens.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 1997

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of environmental factors on 380 children's unaided visual acuity and to determine the visual acuity and objective refraction error of these children. The unaided visual acuity and objective refraction error were measured by the TOPCON chart projector and refractometer on 147 kindergarteners and 233 primary school children ranging from age 5 to 12. The measurement on the unaided visual acuity of children were 3% for below the 0.1 visual acuity 9% for 0.1~0.4. 18% for 0.5~0.7. 16% for 0.8~0.9. and 54% for over 1.0 visual acuity respectively. The refractive errors were 9.35% for mixed astigmatism. 14.5% for hyperopia 75.88% for myopia. and 0.27% for emmetropia. respectively. When analyzing the environmental factors. the relationship between the children's visual acuity and the number of hours the children watched TV. the more hours they watched TV. the more the children lost their visual acuity. The visual acuity of children decreased abruptly in the groups that watched TV more than 4 hour a day. When comparing the relationship between the children's visual acuity and proximity to the TV, the further away from the TV they were the higher visual acuity. There is rna relation between the children's visual acuity and the studying hour or reading hour of children. The relationship between the children's visual acuity and their dwelling environment, the visual acuity of children who lived in an independent house were better than the visual acuity of children who dwelled in an apartment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.552-562
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• 2016

Although a number of studies have been conducted in Korea since 2000 on the impact of early English education, their interpretation is still not conclusive, due to their lack of control groups and failure to control for third factors and use valid measurements. The present study was designed to examine the effect of an English education program on young children's English proficiency after 8 months using the most well-known official English proficiency measure, the WIDA for kindergarteners. In addition, the children's Korean language proficiency, cognitive abilities, personality, parents' SES, and parents' attitudinal variables before the education were measured and controlled. The results indicated that the intervention group performed better than the control group in both listening and speaking skills, even when all relevant factors were considered. This effect, however, was only found in the item-level analyses.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.159-168
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• 2004

The effect of xylitol and sorbitol chewing gums on dental caries levels among 5-year old kindergarteners was investigated. Three kindergartens the operations of which were partly subsidized by municipal government of Daegu city, Korea, were chosen as the study sites. The child base of the kindergartens were considered demographically and ethnically similar, representing middle-income families. The subjects were examined at their own kindergarten by the two dentists. Participation in the program was voluntary. Over 12 months, 123 participants chewed xylitol chewing gums(X group; 42 subjects), sorbitol chewing gum(S group; 42 subjects), or did not receive chewing gum as a control group(C group; 39 subjects). Consumption of xylitol and sorbitol was 4.5 to 5.0 g/day/subject, consumed in five daily chewing episodes of 5 min. Oral examination, Dentocult-SM test and interproximal dental plaque collection were completed at baseline and 12 months later. The dmfs of group C increased 59.2%, but group S increased 33.4% and group X increased only 31.3% during 12 months study period. The caries prevention ratio was 47.1% at group X and 43.6% at group S. There also appeared the reduction of caries activity at group X(1.39), group S(1.50) than control group(1.79). Compared with groups S and C, there was a statistically significant reduction of S. mutans in interproximal plaque in group X. The results suggest that xylitol chewing gum can prevent dental caries of deciduous dentition, and may be a little more effective than a sorbitol-containing product in controlling some caries-associated parameters in kindergarten-age subjects.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.19-29
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• 2016

This study aims to find a direction for desirable space organization in future Korean kindergartens by analyzing the current status of space organization in Japanese kindergartens. This study includes comparisons and analyses of Korean and Japanese curricula, facility standards on the national level and standards of national subsidy, current numbers of kindergarteners and preschoolers, and changes in kindergarten facilities over the last 5 years. Six kindergartens each in Korea and Japan, which were constructed after 2011 or are recommended as being good in space organization and kindergarten planning, are selected. The contents of space organization analysis are 'entry and placement, outdoor space', 'space program,' and 'plan design and organization of unit space'. In conclusion, in terms of space organization, Korean and Japanese kindergartens are very similar to each other. However, Japanese kindergartens have more outdoor space about $9.75m^2$ and lot area about $11.89m^2$ than Korean kindergartens. The extra space was used to educate students in various contents regarding social network and physical activity. Furthermore, in Japan, special spaces such as "atelier classes" and "PTA" were used for various types of education. Based on the results of the study will be developed, such as specific models and guidelines for the improvement of facilities Korea kindergarten.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.97-113
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• 2024

Objectives: Since the enactment of the School Nutrition Act in 1981, school lunch programs in South Korea have grown quantitatively and qualitatively with a current student participation rate of 99.8%. Nonetheless, educational materials are needed to reduce misunderstanding and ignorance about school lunch programs. This study aimed to develop 3 educational videos that help students of various ages (kindergarteners/lower-grade elementary, upper-grade elementary, and secondary school, respectively), understand the school lunch program. Methods: A scenario was created, was made, and the opinions on the scenario from experts in foodservice sectors were collected. A survey was conducted to students and parents to determine topics they wanted to know about school foodservice. The final videos were produced using this information and the expert opinions. The data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0 for Mac (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA); a P-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Three videos on school foodservice were developed for various age levels of students: kindergarten/lower-grade elementary, upper-grade elementary, and secondary school. Additionally, English subtitles were included for the multicultural student population. These videos, each lasting about 7 minutes, cover topics such as nutrition, hygiene, and the cultural significance of the school lunch program. The survey results showed that parents and students wanted to know the following topics about the school lunch program: "nutritionally balanced diet" (11.9%), "purchasing safe food ingredients" (10.9%), and "healthy eating habits" (9.9%). Conclusions: The developed videos will serve as valuable educational resources on school foodservice, foster a deeper understanding of the school lunch program in parents and students, and potentially address their inquiries regarding production processes, nutrition, hygiene, cultural heritage, and health.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.1-13
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• 2019

This study is to derive a design alternative to the FECC (Forest Experience Center for Children) that meets the preschooler's preferences. For this purpose, preschooler participation is included in each phase of the FECC, the site perception phase, the deriving design elements phase, and the deriving design alternative phase. In this study, the process of the deriving design alternative phase was carried out with kindergarteners and preschoolers (6, 7 years olds; all 41 students) at Songsan-mulbit FECC in Gwangsan-gu, Gwangju. In order to derive the design alternatives, three detailed design processes (preschooler participation 2 times, researcher analysis 1 time), tool construction, and a preschooler participation workshop were conducted. The results of this study are as follows. First, as a result of the preschooler's design process, 41 designs were drawn, and an average of 7.66 spaces were drawn by each preschooler. The 6-year-old males designed the least (average 6.80 spaces) and the 7-year-old females designed the most (9.0 spaces). The physical and adventure play spaces were most common (38.9% to 48.7%) regardless of gender or age. To analyze the feasibility of the preschooler's design using a base map, the appearance of the physical environmental characteristics (7 items) in the site were analyzed in each of the 41 designs. As a result, the environmental characteristics were apparent a total 72 times overall. Similar environmental characteristics appearing more than once were apparent in 87.8% (26 designs) of designs. Second, three design alternatives were derived: APS- types (intensive planning of active play facility spaces) was presented in 15 designs, NS-types (planning focused on nature spaces) was presented in 14 designs, and SPS-types (planning focused on static play facility spaces) were presented 12 designs. Third, NS-type, which were finally selected through a preference assessment (5-point scale) and a comparative assessment of the three alternatives, has mainly natural spaces (forest space, forest path, shelter, natural exploration space, and ecological pond) and active play facility spaces, water play space and soil (sand) play spaces was appropriately designed. Therefore, the NS-type was analyzed as the design alternative that can fully accomplish all types of cognitive development through developed through play (functional play, constructive play, dramatic(symbolic) play).