• 산업기술연구
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• 제27권A호
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• pp.15-18
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• 2007

This study investigated disinfection effect by general water purifier and water purifier with UV light disinfection. The results are as follows : (i) The general bacteria existed plentifully in a storage tank before treatment (ii) Water treated in water purifier did not meet the water treatment regulation standard since the presence of bacteria, whereas with UV light application the regulation standard is totally satisfied. (iii) Photocatalytic disinfection process with UV light in the presence of $TiO_2$ more effectively killed general bacteria than UV light only.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.1248-1254
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• 2019

Identification of novel probiotic strains is of great interest in the field of functional foods. Specific strains of heat-killed bacteria have been reported to exert immunomodulatory effects. Herein, we investigated the immune-stimulatory function of heat-killed Lactobacillus plantarum KCTC 13314BP (LBP). Treatment with LBP significantly increased the production of $TNF-{\alpha}$ and IL-6 by macrophages. More importantly, LBP was able to enhance the phagocytic activity of macrophages against bacterial particles. Activation of p38, JNK, ERK, $NF-{\kappa}B$, and STAT3 was involved in the immunomodulatory function of LBP. LBP treatment significantly increased production of $TNF-{\alpha}$ by bone marrow-derived macrophages and splenocytes, further confirming the immunostimulatory effect of LBP in primary immune cells. Interestingly, the immunomodulatory effects of LBP were much stronger than those of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, a well-known probiotic strain. These results indicate that LBP can be a promising immune-enhancing functional food agent.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.324-332
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• 2022

The incidence of stress-related type 2 diabetes (stress-T2D), which is aggravated by physiological stress, is increasing annually. The effects of Lactobacillus, a key component of probiotics, have been widely studied in diabetes; however, studies on the effects of postbiotics are still limited. Here, we aimed to examine the mechanism through which heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LRCC5314 (HK-LRCC5314) alleviates stress-T2D in a cold-induced stress-T2D C57BL/6 mouse model. HK-LRCC5314 markedly decreased body weight gain, adipose tissue (neck, subcutaneous, and epididymal) weight, and fasting glucose levels. In the adipose tissue, mRNA expression levels of stress-T2D associated factors (NPY, Y2R, GLUT4, adiponectin, and leptin) and pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, and CCL-2) were also altered. Furthermore, HK-LRCC5314 increased the abundance of Barnesiella, Alistipes, and butyrate-producing bacteria, including Akkermansia, in feces and decreased the abundance of Ruminococcus, Dorea, and Clostridium. Thus, these findings suggest that HK-LRCC5314 exerts protective effects against stress-T2D via gut microbiome modulation, suggesting its potential as a supplement for managing stress-T2D.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.982-986
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• 2009

For the production of ghost bacteria vaccine to prevent the streptococcal disease in aquaculture fish species, a double cassettes vector was constructed and cloned in Escherichia coli DH5${\alpha}$. Ghost bacteria vaccine production from Escherichia coli DH5${\alpha}$/pHCE-InaN-GAPDH-Ghost 37 SDM (SIG) was maximized at a glucose concentration of 1 g/l, agitation of 300 rpm, and aeration of 1 vvm. The maximal efficiency of ghost bacteria formation was obtained at the mid-exponential phase ($OD_{600}=2.0$) with the concentration of 0.77 g/l for SIG. The molecular mass of GAPDH was detected at 67 kDa with the insoluble fraction, by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. The protective efficacy of ghost bacteria vaccine was evaluated by challenge test using olive flounder. The cumulative mortalities of the positive control, formalin-killed cell (FKC) vaccine, and SIG vaccine immunized groups were 91%, 74%, and 57%, respectively. These results suggest that SIG vaccine showed efficacy as a vaccine and had a higher potential to induce protective antibodies than did FKC vaccine.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.82-92
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• 2021

Purpose: It has been reported that the diversity and abundance of microbes in the vagina decrease due to the use of antimicrobial agents, and the high recurrence rate of female vaginitis due to this suggests that a new treatment is needed. Methods: In the experiment, we detected that 10% potassium sorbate solution, 1% eucalyptus oil solution, 1% tea tree oil solution, 400 µL/10 mL grapefruit seed extract solution, 100% lactic acid, 10% acetic acid solution, and 10% lactic acid solution were prepared and used. After adjusting the pH to 4, 5, and 6 with lactic acid and acetic acid in the mixed culture medium, each bacterium was inoculated into the medium and incubated for 72 h at 35℃. Incubate and 0 h each. 24 h. 48 h. The number of bacteria was measured after 72 h. Results: In the mixed culture test between lactic acid bacteria and pathogenic microorganisms, lactic acid bacteria showed good results at pH 5-5.5. Potassium sorbate, which has varying antibacterial activity based on the pH, killed pathogenic bacteria and allowed lactic acid bacteria to survive at pH 5.5. Conclusion: The formulation ratio obtained through this study could be used for the development of a feminine cleanser that can be used as a substitute for antibacterial agents. Further, the findings of this study may be able to solve the problem of antimicrobial resistance in the future.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.299-304
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• 2010

To identify the treatment effect of lactic acid bacteria for diabetes, the treatment effects of a single administration of acarbose (a diabetes treatment drug) or lactic acid bacteria, and the mixture of acarbose and lactic acid bacteria on diabetes in a type 1 diabetes animal model, were studied. In this study, streptozotocin was inoculated into a Sprague-Dawley rat to induce diabetes, and sham control (Sham), diabetic control (STZ), STZ and composition with live cell, STZ and composition with heat killed cell, STZ and composition with drugs (acarbose) were orally administered. Then the treatment effect on diabetes was observed by measuring the body weight, blood glucose, and serum lipid. For the histopathological examination of the pancreas, the Langerhans islet of the pancreas was observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the renal cortex, outer medullar, and inner medullar were also observed. The induced diabetes decreased the body weight, and the fasting blood glucose level decreased in the lactic-acid-bacteria-administered group and the mixture-administered group. In addition, the probiotic resulted in the greatest decrease in the serum cholesterol level, which is closely related to diabetes. Also, the hematoxylin and eosin staining of the Langerhans islet showed that the reduction in the size of the Langerhans islet slowed in the lactic-acid-bacteria-administered group. The histopathological examination confirmed that the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy decreased in the group to which viable bacteria and acarbose were administered, unlike in the group to which dead bacteria was administered. The mixture of lactic acid bacteria and acarbose and the single administration of lactic acid bacteria or acarbose had treatment effects on the size of the Langerhans islet and of the kidney histopathology. Thus, it is believed that lactic acid bacteria have treatment effects on diabetes and can be used as supplements for the treatment of diabetes.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권8호
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• pp.755-760
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• 2021

돼지 설사병은 부종병과 함께 양돈 농가에 막대한 경제적 손실을 입히는 가축질병으로 알려져 있으며, 병원성 대장균의 증식에 의하여 설사 및 대장균 생성 독소에 의한 부종병이 동반된다. 본 연구에서는 항균펩타이드를 포함하는 면역유도누에의 조추출물을 이용하여 돼지 설사 및 부종을 유발하는 F4+ 및 F18ab+ 대장균의 사균체를 제작하고 사균백신으로서 이용가능성을 검토하였다. 면역유도누에 추출물의 항균활성을 환확산법을 통해 분석한 결과 F4+ 및 F18ab+ 대장균에 대하여 높은 활성을 나타내었으며, 평판계수법을 이용하여 대장균의 사균체 생산효율을 분석한 결과 50 mg/ml의 농도를 4℃에서 처리했을 때 가장 높게 나타났다. 또한 제작된 사균체에 대해서 투과전자현미경을 이용하여 분석한 결과 세포질은 유출되고 세포막만이 남아있는 대장균이 확인되었다. 따라서 면역유도누에 추출물을 이용하여 제작된 F4+ 및 F18ab+ 대장균은 부종병 예방을 위한 사균백신으로서 이용가능성이 매우 높을 것으로 판단된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권11호
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• pp.3928-3932
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• 2011

We synthesized peptide-resin conjugates (1 and 2) by immobilizing ${\beta}$-sheet antibacterial peptide and ${\alpha}$ helical antibacterial peptide on PEG-PS resin, respectively. Conjugate 1 showed considerable antibacterial activity in various conditions, whereas conjugate 2 did not exhibit antibacterial activity. The growths of various bacteria were inhibited by conjugate 1 even at lower concentrations than MIC. Conjugate 1 killed bacteria at MIC and had a potent synergistic effect with current antibacterial agents such as vancomycin and tetracycline, respectively. Overall results indicate that polymer surface modification using antibacterial ${\beta}$ sheet peptide is a powerful way to prevent microbial contamination on polymer surfaces.

• 대한미생물학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.145-149
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• 1986

The development of delayed-type hypersensitivity(DTH) reaction to Staphylococcus aureus in mice was studied, Mice received 3 injections of $10^8$ viable S. aureus subcutaneously showed a marked footpad swelling when mice were challenged with $10\;{\mu}g$ staphylococcal protein antigen into footpad(The percent increase of footpad thickness at 24 h after challenge wsa 35% approximately). Histological observation of footpad of immunized mice showed a marked thickness of subcutaneous tissue due to edematous reaction and massive infiltration of lymphocytes and neutrophils which are characteristic cells in DTH reaction. Intensity of DTH reaction of mice immunized with viable bacteria was much higher than that of mice immunized with staphylococcal protein or heat-killed bacteria. The DTH reaction to S. aureus could be transferred to normal recipient mice by both spleen cells and lymph node cells.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2005

곤충병원성선충 {Heterorhabditis sp. KCTC 0991BP (He)와 Steinernema carpocapsae KCTC 0981BP (Sc)}에 의한 치사충과 선충의 공생세균(He공생세균=Photorhabditis sp.와 Sc공생세균= Xenorhabdus nematophila)에 의한 치사충에 대한 개미의 섭식행동을 알아보기 위하여 동래베네스트골프장과 안양베네스트골프장, 가평베네스트골프장, 울산골프장에서 치사 원인에 따른 개미의 방문수, 종류 및 선호성을 조사하였다. 방문하는 개미의 수나 종류 및 개미가 물고 간 먹이의 수는 치사원인에 따라 차이가 있었으며, 골프장이나 골프장내의 장소(페어웨이와 러프)간에도 차이가 있었다. 개미의 선호성은 모든 골프장에서 He에 의한 치사충에서 가장 낮았다. 동래베네스트 골프장의 6번 홀에서는 러프에서만 고동털개미(Lasius japonicu)($76{\pm}2.9\%$)와 검정꼬마개미(Monomorium floricola)($10\%$)가 치사충을 끌고 갔다. 러프의 치사충에 개미의 방문이 있었던 비율은 $87{\pm}3.5\%$였지만 페어웨이에서는 처리 16시간 후까지 모든 치사충에 개미의 방문이 없었다. 12시간 후까지 개미가 끌고 간 치사충의 비율은 He에 의한 치사충이 $16.7\%$로 Sc에 의한 치사충의 $40.0\%$, fenitrothion에 의한 치사충의 $53.3\%$, 자연치사충의 $56.7\%$에 비하여 낮았다. 안양베네스트골프장 6번 홀 러프에서는 주름개미(Tetramorium tsushimae)($33{\pm}6.9\%$)와 극동혹개미(Pheidole fervida)($17{\pm}8.7\%$), 일본왕개미(Camponotus japonicus)($10\%$), 곰개미(Formica japonica)($7{\pm}3.5\%$), 스미스개미(Paratrechina flavipes)($3{\pm}3.5\%$), 마쓰무라밑들이개미(Crematogaster matsumurai)($3{\pm}3.5\%$)가 치사충을 방문하였다. 개미가 치사충을 끌고 감이 없었던 비율은 $23{\pm}8.7\%$였고, Sc에 의한 치사충을 끌고 간 비율은 $40.0\%$, 냉동 치사충을 끌고 간 비율은 $16.7\%$, He에 의한 치사충을 끌고 간 비율은 $3.4\%$였다. 가평베네스트골프장 벚꽃나무 코스 9번 홀의 러프에서는 치사충을 방문하는 개미의 수가 매우 낮았는데, 주름개미와 스미스개미가 각각 한곳에서 발견되었다. 곤충병원성 선충의 접종 농도는 개미가 끌고 간 치사충의 비율에서 차이를 보이지 않았다. 한편, 치사충의 매장 유무는 개미의 섭식활동에 영향을 미쳤다. 동래베네스트골프장 6번 홀의 러프에서 토양 속에 묻은 치사충에서는 처리 16시간 동안 개미의 방문이 없었던 반면, 묻지 않은 치사충은 끌고 갔다. He와 Sc의 공생세균을 처리한 비스켓에 대한 개미의 방문은 선충의 치사충에 대한 방문과 동일한 경향을 보여, He의 공생세균인 Photorhabditis sp.처리에서 Sc 공생세균인 Xenorhabdus 처리보다 방문수가 적었다.