• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.397-400
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• 2004

The chromosome numbers and karyotypes were investigated in four Korean native species of the genus Hosta. The chromosome complements were diploid of 2n=60 in H. japonica var. lancifolia Nakai and H. capitata Nakai, aneuploid of 2n=59 in H. minor (Bak.) Nakai, and modified triploid of 2n=92 in H. longipes (Fr. et Sav.) Matsumura. All the species carried four sets of distinctly large chromosomes of which the chromosome types were telocentrics or subtelocentrics with $4.4{\sim}7.2\;{\mu}m$ in length. The other chromosomes were meta-, submeta, subtelo-, or telocentric types and showed gradual length degradation in the range of $1.0{\sim}3.0\;{\mu}m$. The satellites appeared vestigially in a pair or a triplet set of chromosomes which depends on the species. New chromosome number and karyotype in H. longipes were the first report in this species. The structural rearrangement was suggested to explain the modified triploid composition of 2n=92.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.123-127
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• 2003

Karyotype analysis and chromosomal localization of 5S and 45S rDNAs using multi-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (McFISH) technique were carried out in two Angelica species. The numbers of diploid chromosomes were the same in two same in two species as 2n=22, however the lengths of chromosomes were varied from 4.25 to 6.50 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in A gigas and 4.95 to 8.50 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in A acutiloba. The chromosomes of A. gigas were composed of five metacentric and six submetacentric pairs, while those of A. acutiloba were six metacentic, one submetacentric and four subtelocentric paris. In FISH experiments, the numbers and size of 45S rDNA signals were varied between two species, however dach signal of the 5S rDNA was observed in two species.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3825-3827
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• 2012

FISH is one of the most sensitive molecular methods to detect genetic abnormalities with DNA probes. When cytogenetic studies are normal or insufficient, FISH may detect cryptic rearrangements, rare or slowly proliferative abnormal populations in non-mitotic cells. We cytogenetically evaluated 70 childhood ALL - 67.1% were found to have an abnormal karyotype. The 23 patients (32.9%) with a normal karyotype were analyzed by FISH applying two probes; TEL/AML1 and MYB which detect cryptic rearrangements of t(12;21)(p13;q22) and deletion of (6q) respectively, associated with a good prognosis. Out of 23 patients, one was positive for t(12;21)(p13;q22) (4.3%). None of our patients were positive for MYB del(6q). Two patients showed an extra signal for MYB on chromosomes other than 6 (8.6 %) indicating amplification or duplication. Findings were compared with the available literature. Our study clearly indicated the integrated FISH screening method to increase the abnormality detection rate in a narrow range. FISH is less useful for diagnostic study of patients with suspected del(6q) but it helps in detecting known cryptic rearrangements as well as identification of new abnormalities(translocation , duplication and amplification) at the gene level.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.102-111
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• 2015

The karyotypes of most species of crocodilians were studied using conventional and molecular cytogenetics. These provided an important contribution of chromosomal rearrangements for the evolutionary processes of Crocodylia and Sauropsida (birds and reptiles). The karyotypic features of crocodilians contain small diploid chromosome numbers (30~42), with little interspecific variation of the chromosome arm number (fundamental number) among crocodiles (56~60). This suggested that centric fusion and/or fission events occurred in the lineage, leading to crocodilian evolution and diversity. The chromosome numbers of Alligator, Caiman, Melanosuchus, Paleosuchus, Gavialis, Tomistoma, Mecistops, and Osteolaemus were stable within each genus, whereas those of Crocodylus (crocodylians) varied within the taxa. This agreed with molecular phylogeny that suggested a highly recent radiation of Crocodylus species. Karyotype analysis also suggests the direction of molecular phylogenetic placement among Crocodylus species and their migration from the Indo-Pacific to Africa and The New World. Crocodylus species originated from an ancestor in the Indo-Pacific around 9~16 million years ago (MYA) in the mid-Miocene, with a rapid radiation and dispersion into Africa 8~12 MYA. This was followed by a trans-Atlantic dispersion to the New World between 4~8 MYA in the Pliocene. The chromosomes provided a better understanding of crocodilian evolution and diversity, which will be useful for further study of the genome evolution in Crocodylia.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.446-450
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• 2007

헐떡이풀은 다년생 초본으로 중국, 일본, 대만 그리고 한국에 분포한다. 특히 우리나라에서는 울릉도에서만 분포하는데, 천식 치료, 타박상 그리고 청각장애의 치료에 사용된다. 약용작물로써의 높은 가치에도 불구하고 염색체 수를 제외한 다른 세포유전학적인 연구가 거의 이루어지지 않았다. 따라서 핵형분석 뿐만 아니라 bicolor FISH를 통한 5S 와 45S rDNA의 물리적 지도작성에 관한 연구가 수행되었다. 체세포 염색체 수는 2n=2x=14로 염색체의 길이는 $1.66{\sim}3.50{\mu}m$ 이다. 또한 염색체의 구성은 4쌍의 차중부 염색체(염색체 1, 2, 3, 6)와 2쌍의 차단부 염색체(염색체 5, 7)그리고 1쌍의 단부 염색체(염색체 4)로 확인되었다. 또한 4번 염색체가 부수체 염색체로 관찰되었다. Bicolor-FISH를 통해 각각 1쌍의 5S와 45S rDNA 위치를 확인하였는데, 5S rDNA의 경우 염색체 3번의 동원체 부위에서 확인되었고, 45S rDNA는 염색체 4번의 단완 말단 부위에서 관찰되었다. Bicolor-FISH는 헐떡이풀 염색체상에 rDNA 유전자의 위치 확인에 매우 유용한 정보를 제공하는 기술로 사용되었다.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2008

상사화속 15분류군을 대상으로 종간 유연관계를 조사하기 위하여 RAPD 분석이 수행되었고, PCR 과정을 통해 증폭된 RAPD 절편들은 300bp에서 1,700bp 사이의 구간에서 관찰되었다. 5개의 oligoprimer를 이용한 효소중합반응에서 57개의 유효한 RAPD marker를 확인하였고, 비유사도 지수 행렬을 도출하여 UPGMA phenogram을 작성하였다. 분석결과 분류군들은 전체적으로 3개의 유집군을 형성하였는데 첫 번째 유집군에는 L. chinensis var. sinuolata, L. sanguinea var. koreana, L. uydoensis, L. flavescens, L. radiata var. pumila, L. radiata, L. squamigera, L. chejuensis, L. aurea와 L. guangxiensis의 10분류군이, 두 번째 유집군에는 L. haywardii, L. sprengeri, L. rosea, L. straminea 및 L. houdyshii의 5분류군이, 세 번쨰 유집군에는 비교군인 수선화와 문주란이 각각 포함되었다. RAPD 분석결과는 배수성과 핵형 등의 세포분류학적 형질들과 비교하여 볼 때 Lycoris속내 종간의 유연관계를 파악하는데 매우 유용한 실험적 방법임을 보여주었다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.75-78
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• 1986

Karyotypes of Korean spotted serpent head [Channa argus (Cantor)] were analyzed to obtain a basic information on the cytogenetics of this fish. Diploid chromosome numbers were found to be 48, of which 2 were submetacentric, 10 were submeta- or subtelocentric, and 26 were acro- or telocentric chromosomes without notably hetermorphic sex chromosomes. Cytogenetical implications of the results are discussed.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제73권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 1986

Juniperus rigida의 경남(慶南)과 충북(忠北)의 두 산지종(産地種)에 대하여 핵형분석(核型分析)을 하였다. 염색체수(梁色體數)는 두 산지종(産地種) 공(共)히 2n=22이다. 두 산지종(産地種)에 있어 가장 공통적(共通的)인 특징(特徵)을 나타낸 염색체(染色體)는 두완(短腕)에 secondary constriction을 지닌 No.7 이고, 가장 특이적(特異的) 특징(特徵)을 한 염색체(染色體)는 secondary constriction을 지닌 경남산(慶南産)의 No.9와 충북산(忠北産)의 No.5 염색체(染色體)이다. 핵형식(核型式)은 다음과 같다. 경남산지종(慶南山地種) $$K(2n)=22=2A^m+2B^m+2C^m+2D^{sm}+2E^{st}+2F^m+2^{sc}G^m+2H^m+2^{sc}I^t+2J^{st}+2K^m$$ 충북산지종(忠北山地種) $$K(2n)=22=2A^m+2B^m+2C^m+2D^{st}+2^{sc}E^{sm}+2F^m+2^{sc}G^m+2H^m+2I^m+2J^{st}+2K^{sm}$$.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.869-876
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• 2015

Wild relative species of domesticated crops are useful genetic resources for improving agronomic traits. Cytogenetic investigations based on chromosome composition provide insight into basic genetic and genomic characteristics of a species that can be exploited in a breeding program. Here, we used FISH analysis to characterize the ploidy level, chromosome constitution, and genomic distribution o f 5S and 4 5S r ibosomal DNA (rDNA) in four wild Cucurbitaceae species, namely, Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Mansf. var. citroides L. H. Bailey (2n = 22), Melothria japonica Maxim. (2n = 22), Sicyos angulatus L. (2n = 24), and Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. (2n = 66, 88, 110 cytotypes), collected in different areas of Korea. All species were diploids, except for T. kirilowii, which included hexa-, octa-, and decaploid cytotypes (2n = 6x = 66, 8x = 88, and 10x = 110). All species have small metaphase chromosomes in the range of $2-5{\mu}m$. The 45S rDNA signals were localized distally compared to the 5S rDNA. C. lanatus var. citroides and M. japonica showed one and two loci of 45S and 5S rDNA, respectively, with co-localization of rDNA signals in one M. japonica chromosome. S. angulatus showed two co-localized signals of 5S and 45S rDNA loci. The hexaploid T. kirilowii cytotype showed five signals each for 45S and 5S rDNA, with three being co-localized. This is the first report of hexaploid and decaploid cytotypes in T. kirilowii. These results will be useful in future Cucurbitaceae breeding programs.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.751-756
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• 2012

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful tool for the detection of DNA sequences in the specific region of the chromosomes. As well as for the integrated physical mapping, FISH karyotype analysis has to be preceded. Karyotype of Raphanus sativus 'Wonkyo 10039' was analyzed by a dual-color FISH technique; using various repetitive DNA probes, including 5S rDNA, 45S rDNA, and centromere retrotransposon. The length of the somatic metaphase chromosome ranged from 1.35 to $2.06{\mu}m$ with a total length of $15.29{\mu}m$. The chromosome complements comprised of eight pairs of metacentrics and one pair of submetacentric. Bleached DAPI Band analysis revealed a heterochromatin region, covering 28.6% to 50.4% each chromosomes. 5S and 45S rDNA sequences were located on two and three pairs of chromosomes, respectively. The centromere retrotransposon of Brassica (CRB) is a major component in Brassica related species that has been maintained as a common centromere component. CRB signals were detected on the centromere and pericentromeric region of R. sativus 'Wonkyo 10039' and three basic Brassica species (B. rapa, B. nigra, and B. oleracea). These results will provide a valuable background for physical mapping and elucidation of the evolutionary relationship among the Brassica related species.