• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.675-690
• /
• 2006

This study investigated students' views in relation to a career in science as a first step towards developing science career education programs and materials. The instrument was developed through preliminary surveys. The questionnaire was sent to, administered and returned by 3608 students including 1036 primary, 1137 middle, and 1435 high school students, who were selected through stratified cluster sampling from all over the country. The results were analyzed using statistical package program. The students' image view of science, preference for science and science learning, perception of science achievement, career hope for oneself, degree of hope in getting science-related job, perception about science-related career, important factors of science career choice, and their hope for science/non-science career and the reason for their choice in the past and present were investigated. The results show that "science as an experimentation activity" was the most frequent image view of science. The preference for science and science learning was more positive than the perception of science achievement. The percentage of total students who want to have science career was 21%, and this percentage of middle school students was especially low. The most frequent answers for advantages of science career were 'useful for national development', 'possible to get new knowledge', and those for disadvantages were 'dangerous', and 'too much to study'. The most frequent reason for students' choice of a science career was 'interest in science and science learning'. Judging from these results, the basic direction for science career education should be in raising the students' preference for and interest in science learning. The positive awareness for a career in science and vision for a science job in the future should be given through a science career education and science career education proper to the students' developmental stage and characteristics is more important.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.27 no.9
• /
• pp.930-943
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate if students may actually experience scientific reasoning based on an epistemology of authentic science during authentic open inquiry. The samples were 86 10th graders in a science-high school in Seoul. The experimental group practiced authentic open inquiry and the control group practiced traditional school science inquiry in five weeks. Then, the questions students asked while performing inquiry tasks were analyzed. The frequency of the questions asked by students was almost same between two groups, however, the types of questions were different. The frequency of thinking questions in experimental group was higher than the control, and the difference was statistically significant (P<.01). Particularly, the frequency of expansive thinking questions and anomaly detection questions was much higher in experimental than the control group. Judging from the result, with the students from the experimental group asking questions reflecting on the epistemology of authentic science such as scientific methods, anomalous data, and uncertainty about reasoning, students may understand authentic science features during the activities of open authentic inquiry. The result from comparing questions according to the inquiry subject showed that more openness caused the higher frequency of anomaly detection questions and strategy questions, but that inductive thinking questions and analogical thinking questions were connected to inquiry subject rather than the openness of the inquiry.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
• /
• v.29 no.6
• /
• pp.593-610
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate students' views on the value of school science lessons and the aspects of science lessons that appeal to students. For the investigation, semi-structured in-depth interviews with 16 secondary school students were conducted. The results showed that about half of the participants thought that science lessons are important, but not all students have to learn science. And they considered only intrinsic interest and career hopes as critical elements in judging the necessity of science education for all. To appeal to students: first, science lessons should have relevance to students' career hopes, interest, curiosity, abilities, real life, experiences, and test scores. Second, they should acquire students' understanding. Third, they should include more experiments. Finally, they should be related to real life, reflect students' interest and concerns, and link new things with what students already know in terms of contexts and contents. Students thought that science lessons are not suitable for students who don't desire to pursue a science-related career. This suggests that present science curriculum perceived by students doesn't match well with the idea of science education for all. To overcome this problem, students need to be included in the debate about the relevance of science curriculum.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.52 no.2
• /
• pp.96-109
• /
• 2024

The purpose of this study is to propose a method for evaluating the similarity of Show gardens using Deep Learning models, specifically VGG-16 and ResNet50. A model for judging the similarity of show gardens based on VGG-16 and ResNet50 models was developed, and was referred to as DRG (Deep Recognition of similarity in show Garden design). An algorithm utilizing GAP and Pearson correlation coefficient was employed to construct the model, and the accuracy of similarity was analyzed by comparing the total number of similar images derived at 1st (Top1), 3rd (Top3), and 5th (Top5) ranks with the original images. The image data used for the DRG model consisted of a total of 278 works from the Le Festival International des Jardins de Chaumont-sur-Loire, 27 works from the Seoul International Garden Show, and 17 works from the Korea Garden Show. Image analysis was conducted using the DRG model for both the same group and different groups, resulting in the establishment of guidelines for assessing show garden similarity. First, overall image similarity analysis was best suited for applying data augmentation techniques based on the ResNet50 model. Second, for image analysis focusing on internal structure and outer form, it was effective to apply a certain size filter (16cm × 16cm) to generate images emphasizing form and then compare similarity using the VGG-16 model. It was suggested that an image size of 448 × 448 pixels and the original image in full color are the optimal settings. Based on these research findings, a quantitative method for assessing show gardens is proposed and it is expected to contribute to the continuous development of garden culture through interdisciplinary research moving forward.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.273-285
• /
• 2024

With the active utilization of Online Judge (OJ) systems in the field of education, various studies utilizing learner data have emerged. This research proposes a problem recommendation based on a user-based collaborative filtering approach with learner data to support learners in their problem selection. Assistance in learners' problem selection within the OJ system is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of education as it impacts the learning path. To achieve this, this system identifies learners with similar problem-solving tendencies and utilizes their problem-solving history. The proposed technique has been implemented on an OJ site in the fields of algorithms and programming, operated by the Chungbuk Education Research and Information Institute. The technique's service utility and usability were assessed through expert reviews using the Delphi technique. Additionally, it was piloted with site users, and an analysis of the ratio of correctness revealed approximately a 16% higher submission rate for recommended problems compared to the overall submissions. A survey targeting users who used the recommended problems yielded a 78% response rate, with the majority indicating that the feature was helpful. However, low selection rates of recommended problems and low response rates within the subset of users who used recommended problems highlight the need for future research focusing on improving accessibility, enhancing user feedback collection, and diversifying learner data analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.83 no.5
• /
• pp.1081-1089
• /
• 2022

Purpose To compare the computerized Greulich-Pyle based bone age with elbow bone age. Materials and Methods A total of 2126 patients (1525 girls; 601 boys) whose elbow bone age was within the evaluable range by the Sauvegrain method, and who simultaneously underwent hand radiography, were enrolled in the study. The 1st-bone age and VUNO score of the hand were evaluated using VUNOMed-BoneAge software. The correlation between the hand and elbow bone age was analyzed according to the child's gender and the probability of 1st-bone age. Results The correlation between VUNO score and elbow bone age (r = 0.898) was higher than the correlation between 1st-bone age and elbow bone age (r = 0.879). Moreover, the VUNO score showed a better correlation with the elbow bone age in patients with a 1st-bone age probability of less than 70%, or in girls. Elbow bone age was more advanced compared to hand bone age, and this difference increased until the middle of puberty and gradually decreased in the latter half. Conclusion The computerized Greulich-Pyle based hand bone age showed a significant correlation with the elbow bone age at puberty. However, since the elbow bone age tends to advance faster than the hand bone age, caution is required while judging the bone age during puberty.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.13-17
• /
• 2024

A color sensor is an optical sensor used to take pictures of objects, including the human body, and reproduce them on a monitor. A color sensor quantifies the red, green, and blue light coming from an object and expresses it as a digital number, and can judge the state of the object by comparing the values ​​or the ratio.In this study, the standard colors displayed on the monitor were measured using a color sensor, and the magnitudes of the red, green, and blue components, or RGB values, were compared with the values ​​indicated by the computer. When measured with the TCS 34725 color sensor, even when the light generated by the computer consists of only one or two of red, green, and blue light, the color sensor detected all three components. Additionally, when the colors of two monitors with the same RGB values ​​were measured using a color sensor, different RGB values ​​were measured. These results can be attributed to the imperfection of the color filters used to express colors on the monitor and the imperfect optical characteristics of the photodiodes used in the color sensor. When photographing an object and judging its condition based on its color, you must use the same type of camera or smartphone.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.161-168
• /
• 2008

The freeze-thaw deterioration and chloride attack, which are the typical degradation factors for durability of marine concrete, are significantly affected by pore structures in terms of penetration and diffusion. These pore structures of concrete are closely related to the types and amount of AE agent, used to guarantee the resistance of freeze-thaw deterioration, and the elapsed time before concrete pouring. This paper evaluates the durability of concrete based on the results of tests on cylinder specimens and core specimens from mock-up members with different air content of 4~6% and 8~10%, respectively. According to the test results, the air content of hardened concrete is 2.5~5.2% at 7 days and 2.4~5.1% at 28 days. These air contents are about half of the initial values just after the concrete mixing. Judging from the amount of scale after the freeze-thaw test completed, air content of 8~10% is slightly more beneficial against the deterioration of concrete than air content of 4~6%. Meanwhile, the core specimens from mock-up members exhibit somewhat unfavorable freeze-thaw deterioration and chloride migration characteristic compared with the cylinder specimens tested in the laboratory under the same mixing condition, as to show 106% in freeze-thaw test and 160% in chloride diffusion coefficient test, respectively.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.39-55
• /
• 1997

Purpose : Dong-Mu(東武) Lee Je-Ma(李濟馬) was designated as a member of fifty persons 'The Wise Ancestors of Korean Culture and Art' in 1984 and the december of 1996 was appointed as 'The Month of Lee Je-Ma'. Though his achivements was valued like this, some historian criticized that he suppressed the righteous army. So this study was for clarifing the background, the motive, and the course of 'The Rising of Choi Moon-Hwan' occurred in Hamhung on february in 1896, and for the correct appraisement about this event. And also through this, author tried to make clear the origin of Lee Je-Ma's thought. Method : After studing the background of the end of Chosun dynasty and the righteous army in 1895(乙未義兵). Author made a comparative study through the historical materials of the goverment side, the Choi Moon-Hwan side, and the Lee Je-Ma side about 'The Rising of Choi Moon-Hwan' occurred in Hamhung on februrary in 1896. Results & Conclusion : The event occurred in Hamhung on february in 1896 was a part of rebellion of the righteous army in 1895 which had risen against The startling Occurrence of 1895'(乙未義兵) and 'The Royal Commands To Cut Off People's Hair'(斷髮令). Lee Je-Ma suppressed the Rising and put Choi Moon-Hwan in the prison, and which was criticized that he suppressed the righteous army later day. That time was a conflict period between conservatism and civilization, and the Lee Je-Ma's act was the best way to protect the security of residents from the attack which maybe occurred by Japanese army in Wonsan. Judging from this events, author could find Lee Je-Ma's thought was quite different from righteous army's neo-confucianism and conservatism. In the aspect of the history of 'Korean National Movement', further study about Choi Moon-Hwan, the chief of righteous army will be need.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 1999

This study was performed to examine the effect of initial composition ratio and various reaction conditions on CEC and crystallinity of the product in hydrothermal synthesis of zeolitic materials from fly ash. Na-P1 zeolite was formed from the mixture with $SiO_2/Al_2O_3$ ratio above 2.55, however from the mixture with $SiO_2/Al_2O_3$ ratio below 2.25 hydroxy sodalite was formed. The CEC of reaction product(Na-P1 zeolite) treated with 3N-NaOH, $Na_2O/Al_2O_3$ ratio 2.55 and $SiO_2/Al_2O_3$ ratio 2.0 for 12 hours at $103^{\circ}C$ was about $285cmol^+kg^{-1}$, which was higher than those of the products of other reaction condition. The crystallinity of Na-P1 zeolite as high as 45.1% was attained at the optimum reaction condition of 2N-NaOH, $SiO_2/Al_2O_3$ ratio 2.55, $Na_2O/Al_2O_3$ ratio 1.5 for 12 hours at $103^{\circ}C$. The XRD peak of the reaction product could be measured at 7.16, 5.04, 4.12, 3.18, $2.69{\AA}$ and tetragonal pillar shape observed by SEM image be characteristic for Na-P1 zeolite. Judging from the result, it should be considered the optimum synthesis condition for Na-P1 zeolite from fly ash was 2~3N NaOH, $SiO_2/Al_2O_3$ ratio 2.55 and $Na_2O/Al_2O_3$ ratio 1.5~2.0 for 12 hours at $80{\sim}103^{\circ}C$.