• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 1988

With a view to making comparative study and promoting the interchange of food culture between Korea and Japan, a sensory test was given to 60 female college students (30 Koreans and as many Japanese) in order to find out differences in preference of various teas between the two nations. The findings are as follows: 1. The correlation between each specific tea and total evaluation: Significant level of high positive correlation was indicated in case of color, taste, and aftertaste by both Koreans and Japanese. In case of odor, and flavor the Koreans indicated insignificant level of nought, and the Japanese significant level of high negative correlation one. In sweetness and total evaluation the Koreans indicated positive correlation and the Japanese insignificant level of nought. 2. Comparison of preference of various teas by the Koreans and the Japanese 1) Ginseng tea A and Ginseng tea B As to Ginseng tea A and Ginseng tea B the Koreans liked odor best while the Japanese liked flavor best. In general preference the Koreans liked them better than the Japanese, and both groups indicated significant level (p <.001). 2) Black tea A: As to Black tea A the Koreans liked odor best while the Japanese taste, and in general preference the Japanese liked them better than the Koreans and both groups indicated significant level (p <.001). 3) Black tea B. As to Black tea B the Koreans liked odor best while the Japanese color, and in general preference the Japanese liked them better than the Korean and both groups indicated significant level (p <.01). 4) Coffee A. The Koreans liked odor best while the Japanese flavor, and neither of the groups indicated significant level (p <.05). 5) Coffee B. The Koreans liked color best while the Japanese flavor, and neither of the groups indicated significant level (p <.05). 6) Green tea A and Green tea B. As to Green tea A and Green tea B, the Koreans liked odor best while the Japanese taste. In general preference the Japanese liked them better than the Koreans, both indicated significant level (p <.001). 7) Malcha (a kind of traditional Green tea) Both groups liked flavor best, in general preference the Japanese liked it better than the Koreans, and both groups indicated significant level (p <.001).

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.52
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• pp.133-164
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• 2018

This purpose of this paper is to focus on anti-Japanese literature and pro-Japanese literature skills among Korean literary history written in Japan, and to observe the differences between Korean and Japanese perception surrounding anti-Japanese and pro-Japanese literature. Analyzed texts are "Taste Korean Literature" by Saegusa Dosikatsu and "The Footsteps of Modern Literature of Chosun" by Shirakawa Yutaka, the earnest modern Korean literary historians written from the perspective of Japanese writers, and though there's no overall written history of literature, they were seen through with the perspective of Omura Masuo, at the forefront of Japanese researchers in modern and contemporary Korean literature. The main results of the review are as follow: First, In Korean literary history by Japan, the frame "pro-Japanese literature" is clearly embedded. It is clearly distinctive from the aspect of China or North Korea, and though it follows the narration system of South Korean literature, it also forms the breaking (turning) point of anti-Japanese and pro-Japanese literature relative to anti-Japanese and pro-Japanese literature. Second, even if it follows the narration system of South Korean literature, that question was constantly raised on existing Korean academic evaluation of anti-Japanese and pro-Japanese literature, and different interpretations of reading were practiced. For example, Korean academic circles highly regard literature of writers such as Kim, Jong han or Lee, Seok hoon, while Korean academics do not place much importance on Lee, Gwang Soo's pro-Japanese elements that are important. The third point is that generous marks are credited to writers with outstanding Japanese or to Japanese creative writing. As a result, they dissolve internal logic in different pro-Japanese collaborators such as Chang, Hyuk Ju, Kim, Sa Ryang, Lee, Seok hoon, or Kim, Yong Jae by melting the same "Japanese literature" in a cage. The last point is reading different inner thoughts of Kim, Jong-han or Lee, Seok-hoon unlike outspoken pro-Japanese collaborators such as Lee, Gwang soo, Jang, Hyuk Joo or Kim, Yong je. These points require more in-depth analysis, and will be continued in follow-up tasks.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.317-336
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• 1999

Official nursing education of Korea under Japanese rule began in order to make the communication possible among Japanese medical men and Korean patients. It could generate high standard nurses from the beginning. Nurses licensure began in 1914 and the graduates of official nursing schools could get nurses licensure without further test. Official nursing education became the standard of R.N. education. The curriculum emphasized on Japanese and ethics first, and in order to produce nurse, practice second. In 1920 the shortage of nurse became serious problem, so the Japanese colonial authorities set up 5 official nursing school in large scale. In 1922 they revised the relevant laws and regulations to make the nursing licensure pass all over Japanese ruling area. 8-year preliminary education and 2 year curriculum became standard of official nursing education after then. Other nursing schools should satisfy this standard to let their graduate get nurses licensure without further test. Curriculum was revised to satisfy the dual goal of 'good housewife' and 'good nurse'. Every official nursing school tried to raise educational standard Nursing science was specialized and more emphasis was put on the occupational education. From the late 1930s, Japanese desperately needed additional manpower to replenish the dwindling ranks of their military and labor forces. They tried to produce more nurses by increase nursing school. Students had to do wartime work instead of study. Younger students could enter nursing school, and general school could produce R.N. In conclusion, nursing education of Korea under Japanese rule was determined by the official nursing education. The Japanese colonial authorities lead the official nursing education. It made nursing education fixed early and produced high standard R.N. But it made nursing education withdraw in late Japanese rule period. Nursing education of Korea began quite weak in the need of nursing and Korea herself. The weakness became a subject of nursing education of Korea after Japanese rule to produce better R.N..

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.930-934
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• 2013

The growth performance of embryo-transferred Japanese Black calves that were born from, and suckled by, Japanese Shorthorn cows in a cow-calf grazing system (BS-group, n = 5) was compared to that of Japanese Black calves from Japanese Black cows in a cowshed (BB-group, n = 5). The daily weight gain from birth to 1 month was higher in the BS-group than in the BB-group (p<0.01), and the same trend (p<0.05) was observed at 2 and 3 months of age. This resulted in body weight that was significantly higher for the BS-group between 1 and 3 months of age than what was observed for the BB-group (p<0.05). Heart girth was significantly greater in the BS-group than in the BB-group throughout the experimental period (p<0.01), and chest depth and withers height in the BS-group were significantly greater from 2 to 4 months of age (p<0.05) and at 4 months of age only (p<0.05). No difference in body length (p>0.05) was observed between the groups. These results suggest that the maternal effect of Japanese Shorthorn cows was positive for embryo-transferred Japanese Black calf growth during the early suckling stage. As Japanese Black calves are traded at a high price on the Japanese market, we conclude that this proposed production system is likely to improve the profitability of herd management in upland Japan.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.511-519
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• 2003

The traditional culture has been developed for a long time with an unique property according to folk character, custom and environment within an area. Especially in 1906, when the westerners were interested in oriental cultures more and more, Paul Poiret presented Japanese traditional dress of napping sleeve coats and harem pants, henceforth japanese fashion theme began to rise. The Japanese style rose as an important fashion item of the modern fashion, with various fashion themes such as orientalism, ethnic, folklore, ecology, etc., needless to say of activities of Japanese designers. The revealed patterns on Japanese dress and it's ornament plays a role of expressive decoration as well as stand for the nation, the ideology of the age and aesthetic consciousness. For this reason, it is necessary to study Japanese traditional patterns expressed in modern fashion systematically. Therefore, in this research, the demonstrated Japanese traditional patterns on the modern fashion were divided into natural, artificial and complex design and were looked out the characteristic, furthermore it was studied in regard that Japanese patterns were how to apply in modern fashion. It was concluded that the characteristics of the Japanese traditional patterns presented in the modern fashion were as follows: first, creation of environmental friendly design using plenty of natural materials; second, expression of paint-like impression and beauty of margins by simplifying of patterns; third, expression of amusing design by using bright colors and print; finally, various patterns were spreaded out complicated on dress. The characteristics of Japanese traditional patterns in the above were expressed in the modern fashion.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.9
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• pp.834-839
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• 2010

Purpose: This study investigates Korean speech sound development, including articulatory error patterns, among the Japanese-Korean children whose mothers are Japanese immigrants to Korea. Methods: The subjects were 28 Japanese-Korean children with normal development born to Japanese women immigrants who lived in Jeonbuk province, Korea. They were assessed through Computerized Speech Lab 4500. The control group consisted of 15 Korean children who lived in the same area. Results: The values of the voice onset time of consonants /$p^h$/, /t/, /$t^h$/, and/$k^*$/ among the children were prolonged. The children replaced the lenis sounds with aspirated or fortis sounds rather than replacing the fortis sounds with lenis or aspirated sounds, which are typical among Japanese immigrants. The children showed numerous articulatory errors for /c/ and /I/ sounds (similar to Koreans) rather than errors on /p/ sounds, which are more frequent among Japanese immigrants. The vowel formants of the children showed a significantly prolonged vowel /o/ as compared to that of Korean children ($P$<0.05). The Japanese immigrants and their children showed a similar substitution /n/ for /ɧ/ [Japanese immigrants (62.5%) vs Japanese-Korean children (14.3%)], which is rarely seen among Koreans. Conclusion: The findings suggest that Korean speech sound development among Japanese-Korean children is influenced not only by the Korean language environment but also by their maternal language. Therefore, appropriate language education programs may be warranted not only or immigrant women but also for their children.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1-9
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the acceptance of the On-dol, Korean underfloor heating system, in the official residences built by the japanese colonist in 1905~1945. The On-dol is the main element that formed Korean housing culture throughout our her history. Since the climate of Korea is colder than that of Japan, the Japanese-style house built in Korea needed to take measures for the harsher winter. Therefore the official residences built during the japanese colonial period, built after the Japanese-style house, accepted the On-dol as additional heating system for their houses. Over forty years the official residences were constructed in large quantities, and many of the official residences also installed the On-dol. Some important changes were discovered about the acceptance of the On-dol. To define this concretely, this study was performed empirically through the comparison and analysis of governmental architectural drawings. There is great significance to consider that an architectural element of Korea influenced the Japanese-style houses. In conclusion, differences between the official residences with the On-dol and those without, during the latter stage of the japanese colonial period have founded. These results demonstrate that this element of traditional korean architecture affected the development of foreign houses built in Korea.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.71-78
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Japanese(L1) on the production of Korean accentual phrases(L2). Korean and Japanese have a similar prosodic structure. But different from Korean, Japanese is a pitch accent language. So each word has its own pitch accent. And pitch accents are maintained in the sentence intonation. This difference will have a negative influence on the production of Korean sentence intonation. For this study 4 Korean natives speakers and 10 advanced Japanese learners of Korean participated in the production test. The material analysed constituted 11 Korean sentences, six of which contain formally identical Sino-Korean and Sino-Japanese words. The results show that the initial pitch pattern of Korean accentual phrases was affected by Japanese pitch accent types and this interference was greater for formally identical Sino-Korean and Sino-Japanese words. But besides initial tones of accentual phrase, some positive interference was observed in the internal tonal pattern of accentual phrase. In the phonetic realization, the internal pitch range and initial pitch rising of accentual phrases was greater for Japanese learners of Korean than native speakers of Korean.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.43-51
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare ideal clothing and actual clothing behavior between Korean and Japanese college students. 185 Korean students and 91 Japanese students were used into data analysis from October to December. 2000. The age range was 18 to 28 years. The results were as followed. 1) Japanese students wanted to wear fitted clothing styles with revealing the body, while Koreans wanted to wear not only fitted styles but also relaxed and coved body styles. 2) Korean students wore more loose styles and fitted upper styles and pants than Japanese students. On the other hand, Japanese students wore fitted clothing styles and skirt. 3) Japanese students showed higher correlation between ideal clothing styles and actual clothing styles than Koreans. This means that although Koreans want to wear ideal styles, they don't wear those styles much. 4) Overweight students tended to avoid wearing fitted and revealed body styles, pursuing more loose and coved body styles. This tendency showed stronger to Koreans than Japanese students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.1303-1318
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• 2010

This study is to understand the characteristics of Korean and Japanese consumers by analyzing the relation among consumer attitudes, concepts, and knowledge about luxury brands. In addition, the present study is to help to establish more effective marketing strategies for luxury companies by providing new data based on consumer knowledge. The author conducted a survey on a total of 816 male/female Korean and Japanese subjects ranging in age from 20 to 50s. The results of this study are as follows: First, Korean consumers have more positive attitudes toward luxury brands than Japanese consumers. Second, regarding the concepts about luxury brands, Korean consumers have concepts of luxury such as "involvement" "symbol of status" "scarcity" and "hedonism"and Japanese consumers have concepts such as "involvement" "ostentation" "high value"and "ornamentation" Third, Korean consumers are more confident in their knowledge and experiences about luxury brand consumption than Japanese consumers. The subjective knowledge has positive impacts on consumer attitudes toward luxury brands and becomes one of the reasons for the friendlier attitudes of Korean consumers toward luxury brands, compared to Japanese consumers. Fourth, the level of objective knowledge of Korean and Japanese consumers is high; but there is no statistically significant difference in the two countries.