• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.15-25
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The important things in space plan of a screening center are improving the spatial awareness by space systemization and minimizing the examination time for customers, and reducing the required time of screening work and maximizing the capacity for the screening center. Therefore, we tried to solve the problem of improving spatial awareness and reducing the examination time by using the pedestrian based discrete event simulation at the minimum cost. Methods: We have analyzed the drawbacks and the supplement points by comparing the floor plan at the time of opening and the current floor plan. Based on the analysis, we propose an improved plan which changes the location of the examination rooms and the number of services, and we also verify the improved plan based on simulation analyses. Results: 1) Through the analyses, we derived the drawbacks of the floor plan at the time of opening, and we realized that the current floor plan reflects the drawbacks. 2) The major reasons of the long examination time are the human traffic jam and the occurrence of queues due to unreasonable allocation of services. 3) Through the discrete event simulation analyses, it was possible to specify the place of the queues manually so as to use the given space fairly. 4) Using the discrete event simulation, it was possible to reduce the examination time and to improve the spatial awareness effectively at the minimum cost. Implications: Although the proposed simulation methodology in this paper is an analysis of the existing screening center, we expect that the proposed methodology will be used to develop a more efficient architectural design process by pre-applying the method to the course of designing a screening center and finding the suitability of the proposed method with the matched number of services.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.48 no.5
• /
• pp.284-294
• /
• 2018

Purpose: Epithelial barrier dysfunction is involved in the pathophysiology of periodontitis and oral lichen planus. Estrogens have been shown to enhance the physical barrier function of intestinal and esophageal epithelia, and we aimed to investigate the effect of estradiol (E2) on the regulation of physical barrier and tight junction (TJ) proteins in human oral epithelial cell monolayers. Methods: HOK-16B cell monolayers cultured on transwells were treated with E2, an estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist (ICI 182,780), tumor necrosis factor alpha ($TNF{\alpha}$), or dexamethasone (Dexa), and the transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) was then measured. Cell proliferation was measured by the cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay. The levels of TJ proteins and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor $(NF)-{\kappa}B$ were examined by confocal microscopy. Results: E2 treatment increased the TER and the levels of junctional adhesion molecule (JAM)-A and zonula occludens (ZO)-1 in a dose-dependent manner, without affecting cell proliferation during barrier formation. Treatment of the tight-junctioned cell monolayers with $TNF{\alpha}$ induced decreases in the TER and the levels of ZO-1 and nuclear translocation of $NF-{\kappa}B$. These $TNF{\alpha}-induced$ changes were inhibited by E2, and this effect was completely reversed by co-treatment with ICI 182,780. Furthermore, E2 and Dexa presented an additive effect on the epithelial barrier function. Conclusions: E2 reinforces the physical barrier of oral epithelial cells through the nuclear ER-dependent upregulation of TJ proteins. The protective effect of E2 on the $TNF{\alpha}-induced$ impairment of the epithelial barrier and its additive effect with Dexa suggest its potential use to treat oral inflammatory diseases involving epithelial barrier dysfunction.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.115-130
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is to compare marital satisfaction between Korean women and Vietnamese women and to identify ways in which marital satisfaction of immigrant women in an interracial marriage can be enhanced. Subjects of this study are Korean married women and Vietnamese immigrant women in a interracial marriage who have been married for 1-5 years, and they study was conducted for 30 days, from April 1, 2008 - April 30, 2008. A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed, 150 for Korean women and 150 for Vietnamese immigrant women, and they were distributed my mail with a letter requesting cooperation to agencies all over Korea that educate and consult immigrant women as well as international marriage information offices. Because a concern of Vietnamese women not being able to understand Korean was noted in the process of collecting data, a questionnaire for marital satisfaction that was translated to the Vietnamese language was also used.

• 한국벤처창업학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.04a
• /
• pp.125-152
• /
• 2007

Last 1970's Korea opened the Kyoung-bu highways from Seoul to Pusan, and Korea government had change the transportation policy to focusing on the road and motors. but 1990's Korea had been the heavily traffic jam in long distant transportation system and logistics. That's why Korea government studied on feasibility survey of High-speed train. As the KTX opens, traffic networks covering large areas in Kyeongbu-line(Seoul-Daejeon-Busan) are expected to raise synergy effects in economics as well as in korean culture respects. Having been playing an important transportation role in Korea for the last 106 years. With opening of the high speed railway, KORAIL in inevitable to make a drastic reform. To achieve this purpose, it is necessary that KORAIL bas to be small and effective streamlined organization. In should increase traffic capacity by improving infra facilities. It need to also expand its internal functions by connecting the KTX with the conventional railroad system.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.1077-1086
• /
• 2013

Recent huge losses of both life and property have occurred by unexpected natural disasters. We studied snow damages, an important natural disaster issue because it happens more frequently in recent years. This study tries to select vulnerable areas of snowfall in advance and then establish climate change adaptation policy for minimizing unexpected snowfall damage. Busan, where is our study area, has hilly in downtown areas so that topography characteristics of the roads such as slope, elevation and aspect are vulnerable to snowfall. The sudden snowfall in Busan causes traffic jam and causes some schools in hilly to close some schools. At this moment, the adaptation policy has to be established for infrastructure (such as roads) in advance, because prediction of anomaly climate due to global warming is so difficult beside the damage of natural disaster is huge. Therefore, the purpose of this study is contribute to selecting and assessing vulnerable zones of snow damage focusing topography characteristics of the roads and then evaluating the degree of risk of vulnerable zones.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.32-45
• /
• 2016

For effective utilization of downtown area, many studies about underground have been performed around the world, and double-deck tunnel have being operated in USA, Europe and China, etc. (A86 East Duplex in France, M30 tunnel project in Spain, SR-99 in seattle, USA, Yangtze river tunnel in China) In Korea, the research about network type double-deck tunnel in deep underground space is in progress to solve the traffic jam and secure the ground space. In this study, a number of factors required for double-deck tunnel in deep underground are analyzed through the existing ventilation design outline and unique ventilation design factors for network type double-deck tunnel are established by reviewing design cases of overseas double-deck tunnel.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.87-96
• /
• 2012

This research overcomes limit of prevention of disasters connection manual that was stopping in existing administrative formality presentation, and allowed purpose in substantial prevention of disasters countermeasure presentation through powerful engineering access. Did operation plan manual Tuesday in contiguity crossing that can reduce confusion by vehicleses that detour by contiguity IC of disaster point to do unusualness ashes in freeway section for this and solve jam-up phenomenon that occur by processing way insufficiency for roundabout way vehicles when happen. Metropolitan areas to target type classification in the highway along the highway adjacent to the intersection at Main Line Blocking optimum operating point analysis and an analysis of countermeasures in case of disaster, the lower the road entering the highway depending on the type of operating at the intersection were different. Depending on the results of analysis, while each point of a disaster, according to the characteristics of geometric conditions, traffic conditions, identify and determine the operating room and the adjacent intersection of media, and building systems to promote the driver if the quick initial response from the impending disaster situations and the safety of drivers can be considered secure.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 2006

The present study was conducted to investigate serologic characteristics, antimicrobial resistance and plasmid profile of 79 E. coli isolated from faecal sample of the wild bird in Busan province (Gangseo, Saha) during the period from November 2004 to February 2005. Many strains were positive for rafiinose (63.3%), sorbitol (96.2%), sucrose (73.4%) and few strains were positive for esculin, arginine dihydrolase, ornithine decarboxylase. Among 79 isolates, O serotypes were O55, O158, O18 and 47 strains (59.5%) were resistant to antimicrobial drugs such as tetracycline (40.5%), carbenicillin (27.8%). 15 strains showed 14 different plasmid bands composed of 1 to 6 bands. They were ranged from 1.6 to 43 kb and harbored 43 kb (11.4%), 5.3 kb (6.3%) and 11.4 kb (5.1%). Plasmid profile of 15 strains were 43 profile (2.5%), 2.4, 43 profile (2.5%) and 5.3, 11.4, 43 profile (2.5%).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.119-124
• /
• 1987

Combined cryoprotectants (C.C.) were formulated to depress freezing points of strawberry pulp and orange juice concentrate to ${-15}^{\circ}C$, and quality changes in fruit pulps during storage ai ${-15}^{\circ}C$ in the liquid state were investigated. C.C. suitable for strawberry pulp consisted of sucrose (2.5%, w/w), glucose (12.7%), fructose (12.7%), glycerol (1%), propylene glycol (1%) and ascorbic acid (0.1%), and that for orange juice concentrate containing 48% solids glucose (5%), fructose (5%), glycerol (4%) and citric acid (1%). When quality of fruit pulps was compared among control and those with C.C., quality of fruit pulps stored with added C.C. was at least as good as control, except treatment B which had significantly lower overall preference. Strawberry jam prepared from pulp stored for 4 monthes did not show any significant quality differences among control and treated samples. The results of this study indicated that fruit pulps could be stored with added C.C. in the liquid state at the frozen storage temperature, while maintaining qualities at least as good as the conventionally frozen stored products.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.344-349
• /
• 2005

Two different NokJoongTangs were prepared by boiling antler and various oriental medicinal materials. The phenolic contents and free radical scavenging effects against DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical and hydroxyl radical of the NokJoongTangs which are used as the health supplement foods, were investigated. NokJoongTang-II prepared dried antler with various oriental medicinal materials, had higher phenolic content than that of NokJoongTang-I prepared 1mm raw antler with the same materials. In addition, NokJoongTang-II exhibited higher scavenging activities than these of NokJoongTang-I against DPPH radical and hydroxyl radical. These result indicate that free radical scavenging activity of NokJoongTang showed a difference by using raw and dry antler for NokJoongTang preparation, and that the findings also show a positive correlation between radical scavenging activity and total phenolic contents.