• Title/Summary/Keyword: isolation rate

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HIV/AIDS Related Knowledge and Attitude of Korean Childbearing Women (가임여성의 에이즈관련 지식과 태도)

  • Chang, Soon-Bok
    • The Korean Nurse
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.46-62
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    • 1995
  • The purpose of this study was to identify the level of HIV/AIDS related knowledge and attitudes of Korean childbering women. The subject were 1152 Korean women who were living in the Seoul area and whose age was between 17-50 years. Data was collected by self reporting with a questionnaire of 57 items developed by the researcher. The reliability of the instrument for the HIV/AIDS related knowledge and attitudes were Cronbach's alpha. .6954 and .7987 respectively. The results were as follows: The mean age of the subjects was 26 years and 46.8% of them were married. The mean score for HIV/AIDS related knowledge was 14.7 out of a possible maximum score of 22. The correct answer rate for HIV/AIDS related knowledge was between 87.0-94.1% for the risk factors. and 36.4-54.8% for the transmission mode. Even though 87% of the subjects knew that homosexuals are risk group for HIV/AIDS. only half(55.8%) of the subjects answered that anal sex is the transmission mode. And only 57% of the subjects knew that HIV/AIDS transmission is possible through heterosexual contact. Their agreement level for attitudes was in order of communal coping (95%). pregnant women protection (94%). Problem appraisal (82%). patients isolation(68%). and disclosure of infection(67%). It was shown that the group who had a pregnancy (t=2.07, p=.039), used contraceptives (t=2.57, p=.OO1). and the group of college level graduates(t=3.61, p=.000) had a higher level of HIV/AIDS related knowledge. The agreement level of pregnant women protection. patient isolation. and problem appraisal were higher in the group of having had a pregnancy, having used contraceptives. and the group over 30 years of age. It was concluded that Korean childbearing women were quite knowledgeable about the risk factors but confused about the transmission mode. especially heterosexual contact. and they showed responsive attitudes to the HIV/AIDS issues considering the 339 infected cases in Korea. They preferred isolation of patients and communal coping as behavioral attitudes. Therefore it can be suggested that a HIV/AIDS prevention program should be focused on transmission mode.

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Isolation of Lichen-forming Fungi from Hungarian Lichens and Their Antifungal Activity Against Fungal Pathogens of Hot Pepper Anthracnose

  • Jeon, Hae-Sook;Lokos, Laszlo;Han, Keon-Seon;Ryu, Jung-Ae;Kim, Jung-A;Koh, Young-Jin;Hur, Jae-Seoun
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.38-46
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    • 2009
  • Lichen-forming fungi (LEF) were isolated from 67 Hungarian lichen species from ascospores or thallus fragments. LFF were successfully isolated from 26 species with isolation rate of 38.8%. Of the total number of isolation from ascospores (27 species) and thallus fragments (40 species), 48% and 32.5% of the species were successfully isolated, respectively. Comparison of rDNA sequences of ITS regions between the isolated LFF and the original thallus confirmed that all the isolates originated from the thallus fragments were LEF. The following 14 species of LEF were newly isolated in this study; Acarospora cervina, Bacidia rubella, Cladonia pyxidata, Lasallia pustulata, Lecania hyaline, Lecanora argentata, Parmelina tiliacea, Parmotrema chinense, Physconia distorta, Protoparmeliopsis muralis, Ramalina pollinaria, Sarcogyne regularis, Umbilicaria hirsuta, Xanthoparmelia conspersa and X. stenophylla. Antifungal activity of the Hungarian LFF was evaluated against plant pathogenic fungi of Colletotrichum acutatum, C. coccodes and C. gloeosporioides, causal agent of anthracnose on hot pepper. Among the 26 isolates, 11 LFF showed more than 50% of inhibition rates of mycelial growth of at least one target pathogen. Especially, LFF of Evernia prunastri, Lecania hyalina and Lecanora argentata were remarkably effective in inhibition of mycelial growth of all the tested pathogens with antibiotic mode of action. On the other hands, five isolates of Cladonia furcata, Hypogymnia physodes, Lasallia pustulata, Ramalina fastigiata and Ramalina pollinaria exhibited fungal lytic activity against all the three pathogens. Among the tested fungal pathogens, C. coccodes seemed to be most sensitive to the LFF. The Hungarian LFF firstly isolated in this study can be served as novel bioresources to develop new biofungicides alternative to current fungicides to control hot pepper anthracnose pathogenic fungi.

First isolation of Salmonella I 4,[5],12:i:- from domestic animals in Korea (국내 가축에서 Salmonella I 4,[5],12:i:-의 최초 분리 사례)

  • Lee, Deog-Yong;Kang, Min-Su;Kwon, Yong-Kuk;An, Byung-Ki;Kim, Young-Jo;Heo, Eun-Jeong;Moon, Jin San;Lee, Esther;Park, HyeMin
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.52 no.4
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    • pp.285-288
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    • 2012
  • Salmonella I 4,[5],12:i:- was a monophasic variant of Salmonella (S.) Typhimurium and notorious for re-emerging candidate which would replace S. Typhimurium DT104 for antibiotic resistance. Recently, isolation rate was increased on human and industrial animals but there was no case in domestic animals but human in Korea. This was first isolation case from domestic animals in Korea. The five isolates from feces of duck (n = 3), chicken (n = 1), and wild bird (n = 1) showed antibiotic resistance against cephems and aminoglycosides. These means that the spread of emerging bacterial pathogens to domestic animals and the need of systemic management for Salmonella I 4,[5],12:i:-.

Isolation, Identification and Drug Susceptibility of Bacteria from Cow Genital Organs (한우(韓牛) 및 유우(乳牛)의 생식기내(生殖器內) 세균분리(細菌分離) 동정(同定) 및 약제감수성(藥劑感受性))

  • Kang, Byung-kyu;Park, Choon-ho
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.61-68
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    • 1987
  • This study was conducted to determine the microorganisms inhabitating in cow genitalia and their antimicrobial drug susceptibility. During the period between July, 1985 and February, 1986, a total of 111 cow genitalia, 58 from Korean native and 53 from dairy cow, were sampled at three abattoirs. Gross pathological examination and bacterial isolation and identification were performed from the genital samples. In addition antimicrobial drug susceptibility test for the microorganisms isolated, some synergistic activity among drugs were examined on the major organism isolated from the cases of endometritis and pyometra. The results are summerized as follows: 1. Among the bacteria isolated from the genitalia, Staphylococcus spp., C. pyogenes, E. coli, Proteus spp., Streptococcus spp., Bacillus spp. were most frequently isolated whereas the genera of Pasteurella, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Yersina were detected far less frequently. 2. In Korean native cow the genera of Straphylococcus and Steptococcus were more isolated than dairy cow while in dairy cow the genera of Corynebacterium, Proteus, Escherichia were more of ten isolated than Korean native cow. 3. From cow genital organs showing lesions of endometritis and prometra, C. pyogenes was most frequently isolated, the isolation rate being 60 percent, and follow by Staphylococcus spp., Proteus spp., E. coli and Pasteurella spp. in the order. 4. Antimicrobial drug susceptibility test conducted on the major organisms isolated showed that all the isolates were susceptible to gentamicin, cephalosporin and sulfisoxazole, but resistant to tetracycline and penicillin. 5. Twenty-nine isolates of C. pyogenes were submitted to the synergistic activity test of cephalosporin, kanamycin and streptomycin with penicillin. Synergists were demonstrated in 90 percent, 31 percent and 27 percent of isolates examined by the combined use of penicillin and cephalosporin, penicillin and kanamycin, penicillin and streptomycin, respectively. About 10 percent of the isolates were found to be indifferent by the synergism test.

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The Improvement of Corn Starch Isolation Process by Gamma Irradiation (옥수수 전분추출 공정개선을 위한 감마선 이용)

  • Byun, Myung-Woo;Kang, Il-Jun;Kwon, Joong-Ho;Lee, Soo-Jeong;Kim, Sung-Kon
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.30-35
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    • 1995
  • Gamma irradiation was applied to non-glutinous and glutinous corns for improving starch isolation process. No significant changes in proximate composition of corn grains were observed by gamma irradiation. Irradiation at 1 and 5 kGy was effective for sterilizing all contaminated microorganisms of non-glutinous and glutinous corns, respectively. The moisture-uptake rate constants were increased in proportional to the steeping temperature and applied irradiation dose level. The irradiation efficacy on water absorption properties was also recognized in the corns stored for six months at room temperature. The combined use of gamma irradiation with sulfur dioxide solution was very effective for reducing steeping time. The starch yield gradually increased as irradiation dose levels increased. At 2 kGy, the sarch yield of non-glutinous and glutinous corns increased by 38% and 27%, respectively. No significant difference in Hunter's color value was observed between the starches isolated from nonirradiated and irradiated corn grains.

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Isolation of Brucella spp from sere-positive native bulls and calves below twelve months old (브루셀라병 혈청검사 양성 수소와 12개월령 이하 소에서의 균 분리 및 동정)

  • Ryu, Jae-Yun;Bun, Jung-Hyun;Lee, Hee-Young;Lee, Yong-Chang;Lee, Jong-Jin;Song, Young-Gak;Nam, Hyang-Mi
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.375-384
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    • 2007
  • This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of brucellosis in Korean native cattle in a farm where bovine brucellosis was confirmed 3 times from September 2006 to March 2007. Of 74 bulls serum samples examined, 21 (28.4%) were positive by Rose-Bengal test (RBT) and Standard tube agglutination test (STAT). In the isolation test from seropositive bulls, B abortus was isolated and identified from 2 specimens (testis, intestinal lymph node) among 6 kinds of specimens including blood, urine, feces and soil. Isolation rate of intestinal lymph node and testis was 25% (3/12 cases) and 16.7% (2/12), respectively. B abortus was also isolated from calves below 12 months old, i.e., 1 isolate (25.0%) was confirmed from testis, 4 (40.0%) from supra-mammary lymph nodes and 1 (25.0%) from intestinal lymph node. All isolates had Brucella specific 16s r-RNA with 905-bp band detected by PCR assay. For the more effective control of bovine brucellosis in korea, this paper would like to suggest that all of bulls and calves should be included in the screening tests.

Isolation and Characterization of Trophoblast Stem Cells-like Cells Derived from Human Term Placenta

  • Na, Kyu-Hwan;Shin, Kyung-Seon;Choi, Jong-Ho;Cha, Dong-Hyun;Kim, Gi-Jin
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.155-162
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    • 2010
  • The trophectoderm is one of the earliest cell types to differentiate in the forming placenta. It is an important for the initial implantation and placentation during pregnancy. Trophoblast stem cells (TBSCs) develop from the blastocyst and are maintained by signals emanating from the inner cell mass. However, several limitations including rarity and difficulty in isolation of trophoblast stem cells derived from blastocyst still exist. To establish a model for trophoblast differentiation, we isolated TBSCs from human term placenta ($\geq$38 weeks) and characterized. Cell cycle was analyzed by measuring DNA content by FACS analysis and phenotype of TBSCs was characterized by RT-PCR and FACS analysis. TBSCs have expressed various markers such as self-renewal markers (Nanog, Sox2), three germ layer markers (hNF68, alpha-cardiac actin, hAFP), trophoblast specific markers (CDX-2, CK7, HLA-G), and TERT gene. In FACS analysis, TBSCs isolated from term placenta showed that the majority of cells expressed CD13, CD44, CD90, CD95, CD105, HLA-ABC, cytokeratin 7, and HLA-G. Testing for CD31, CD34, CD45, CD71, vimentin and HLA-DR were negative. TBSCs were shown to decrease the growth rate when cultured in conditioned medium without FGF4/heparin as well as the morphology was changed to a characteristic giant cell with a large cytoplasm and nucleus. In invasion assay, TBSCs isolated from term placenta showed invasion activities in in vivo using nude mice and in vitro Matrigel system. Taken together, these results support that an isolation potential of TBSCs from term placenta as well as a good source for understanding of the infertility mechanism.

Comparative Study on the Production of Interferons from Porcine Blood Leukocytes (돼지의 백혈구 인터폐론 생산에 관한 비교연구)

  • Han, Su-nam;Lee, Jang-nag;Lee, Chang-eop
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.191-200
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    • 1987
  • Attempts were to produce porcine leukocyte interferon(PorLeIF) and porcine immune interferon (PorIIF) in the culture of porcine leukocytes. The interferons produced were tested for antiviral activity against vesicular stomatitis virus on poreine-derived PK(15) cells, human-derived FL cells, and Korean native black goat-derived BGK cells. The results were summarized as follws: 1. In the isolation of porcine leukocytes, the mean isolation rate by the buffy coat separation method (28.7%) was higher than that by the hydroxyethyl starch-RBC sedimentation method (9.2%). 2. When NDV(BI)-induced PorLeIFs were assyed on PK(15) cells and FL cells, the mean titers were 129 IU/ml and 72 IU/ml respectively, being 55.8% of the activity in homologous species system expressed in heterologous system. 3. The activities of PHA P-induced PorIIFs were 197 IU/ml on PK (15) cells and no activity on human FL cells. The mean antiviral activity of PorIIF was 1.5 times that of PorLeIF in PK (15) cells. 4. The cytopathic effect of vesicular stomatitis virus was observed in BGK cells derived from Korean native black goat kidney permitting interferon assay on the cells. While the cross-species antiviral activity of reference human ${\alpha},\;{\beta}-interferon$ was observed on the cells, PorLeIF and PorIIF did not show any activity.

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Distribution of Vibrio vulnificus in Chonnam Coastal Area (전만해안지역의 비브리오 패혈증균(Vibrio vulnificus) 분포)

  • Yang, Ho-Chul;Hong, Suk-Soon;Kim, Kai-Hoan;Choi, Sang-Ho;Chung, Hee-Jong
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.70-74
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    • 1999
  • Vibrio vulnificus, a normal bacterial inhabitant of estuaries, is of concern because it can be a potent human pathogen, a causing septicemia, wound infections and gastrointestinal disease in susceptible host. In this survey, total 431 samples were obtained from different sites of the Chonman coastal area during the periods from Mar. 1997 to Feb. 1998. Vibrio vulnificus was isolated from the middle of May to the begining of November of 1997 in Chonman coastal area, as the seawater temperature was at 20$^{\circ}C$ and 15$^{\circ}C$, respectively and was rapidly increased to above 40% from July to September. The isolation rates of V. vulnificus from sediment, seawater, raw seafoods and aquarium water were 52.1%, 49.1%, 32.5%, and 27.3%, respectively and isolation rate was highest in oyster among various collected samples. V.vulnificus was also isolated from 73.1%(38/52) of sampling sites of Chonman coastal area.

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Isolation and Indentification of Yeast Strains Producing High Concentration of Ethanol with High Viabi-lity. (에탄올 생성능과 생존능이 우수한 효모균주의 분리와 동정)

  • Kang, Tae-Young;Oh, Gui-Hwan;Kim, Keun
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • v.28 no.6
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    • pp.309-315
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    • 2000
  • To isolate yeast strains producing high concentration of ethanol, 125 strains were subjected to screening. Initially 14 strains able to grow in a medium containing 15%(v/v) ethanol, 7 strains capable of growing in a medium containing 50%(v/v) glucose, 23 strains having relatively fast fermentation rates, 13 strains able to grow at $42^{\circ}C$ were selected. After secondary screening, 11 strains having relatively high ini-tial fermentation rate and producing high concentration of ethanol were selected. After tertiary screening 5 strains producing high concentration of ethanol were selected. These 5 strains were again for their ethanol produc-tion, residual sugar, and viability using fermentation medium containing 25% glucose. The strain producing the highest concentration of ethanol was 20-1 strain which produced 10.56%(v/v) ethanol in 4 days, and the highest viable strain was 11-1 which produced 10.35%(v/v) ethanol(13.1%. v/v) with the viability of 30.44% after 5 days of fermentation. Both of the 20-1 and 11-1 strains were identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

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