• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.29-40
• /
• 2004

This study was performed to investigate and assess the composition of mineral and macronutrient contents in Korean cow′s milk.48 individual farm raw milk, 10 plant raw milk and 29 market milk were collected from June to August in 2003. The minerals such as calcium(Ca), potassium(K), magnesium(Mg), sodium(Na), zinc(Zn), iron(Fe) and phosphorus(P) were determined by using atomic absorption spectrometer(AAS). The macronutrients such as fat, protein and lactose were tested by using IR spectrometer. The obtained analytical results of minerals(mg/100 g) and rnaetronutrients (％) are as follows：1. In case of raw cow′s milk ； Ca 113.56, K 144.09, Mg 10.86, Na 42.53, Zn 0.42, Fe 0.030, p 113.32, fat 3.85, protein 3.08, lactose 4.80,2. In case of market cow′s milk ; Ca 103.04, K 142.46, Mg 10.27, Na 43.21, Zn 0.40, Fe 0.034. p 97.30, fat 3.78, protein 3.05, lactose 4.70,3. In case of fortified market cow′s milk ; Ca 165.40, K 145.79, Mg 10.57. Na 42.55, Zn 0.57, Fe 0.414, p 94.68, fat 3.74, protein 3.08, lactose 4.68,4. In case of processed market cow′s milk ; Ca 134.72, K 142.74, Mg 10.33, Na 45.07, Zn 0.50, Fe 0.650, p 92.48, fat 3.72, protein 3.07, lactose 4.74. According to the group of market milk(milk, fortified market row′s milk, processed market cow′s milk), the mean concentration of Ca and Fe were significantly higher in fortified and processed milk than milk(p<0.05). There were no significant differences in macronutrient(fat, protein, lactose) and mineral contents between pasteurized milk and UHT(ultra high temperature) treated milk($\alpha$=0.05). The labeled "Nutritional Facts" of market milk were satisfied with "Labeling Standards for Livestock Products of Korea". The measured mean concentrations of Ca, Fe, Zn were generally higher than lower limit of labeled value(above 80% of labeled value). The mean concentration of sodium was lower than upper limit of labeled value(below 120％ of labeled value).

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.58-64
• /
• 2012

Ti button type ingots were prepared by recycling of Ti turning scraps using vacuum arc melting process for production of consumable arc electrode. The behavior of impurities such as Fe, W, O, and N in the Ti button ingots was investigated and the properties of the Ti button ingots were also evaluated. In the case of oxygen gaseous impurity, the oxygen layers on the surface of the Ti turning scraps were easily removed by the first vacuum arc melting. On the other hand, the solute oxygen in the Ti turning scraps was not removed by the next melting. In the case of Fe, major impurity in the Ti turning scraps, the removal degree in the final Ti button ingot refined by vacuum arc melting for 20 minutes was approximately 43 %, which is due to the vapor pressure difference between Ti and Fe. As a result, the Ti button ingots with ASTM grade 3 could be obtained by multiple vacuum arc melting from the Ti turning scraps. Therefore, it was confirmed that the preparation of consumable electrode for vacuum arc remelting could be possible by recycling of Ti turning scraps.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.25 no.1
• /
• pp.156-162
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect and correlation of anthropometric data, eating behaviors, and nutrient intake on the bone mineral density(BMD) of female college students. 349 female college students were surveyed and their age, height, and weight were an average of 20.5 years, 163.2 cm and 54.0 kg, respectively. Their average BMI was 20.2, with 66% falling in the normal range, 21.8% classified as underweight, 8.0% as overweight, and obese individuals comprised 3.4% of the sample by BMI classification. Calcaneal BMD was measured and the average T-score was 0.117. The results of BMD measurements were normal in 268 people(76.8%), osteopenia was found in 71 individuals(20.3%), and osteoporosis in 10(2.9%), respectively. There was a significant difference in bone mineral density according to height(p<0.05) and BMI (p<0.01). There were significant differences between BMD and eating behavior, regularity of eating behaviors(p<0.05), instant food intake(p<0.05), eating out(p<0.05) and nutritional supplement intake(p<0.05). In addition, normal the group with normal BMD had a more desirable eating behavior compared to the osteopenia and osteoporosis afflicted groups. BMD had a significant difference according to the nutrient intake of calcium(p<0.05), vitamin A(p<0.05), and vitamin C(p<0.05). In conclusion, BMD showed a good correlation with height(p<0.01), BMI(p<0.01), body composition including total body water(p<0.05), FFM(p<0.05), body protein(p<0.05) and intake of calcium(p<0.05), iron(p<0.05), vitamin A(p<0.05), and vitamin C(p<0.05). Therefore, an education plan and training on balanced diets proper body weight control, and desirable eating behaviors for female college students will be needed.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.57-63
• /
• 2016

This study were carried out sulfation roasting and selective leaching test for the effective recovery of copper component in concentrate obtained by froth floatation of Autrallian low grade copper ore. The optimum conditions of sulfation roasting were temp. $450^{\circ}C$, $Na_2SO_4$ 2 mole ratio and time 1.5 h, and then selective leaching were room temperature and $H_2O$ or 1M $H_2SO_4$ solutions. Leaching efficiency of optimum sulfation product were 90 wt.% of copper, 20 wt.% of iron and 15wt.% of nickel elements. In this results, it was possible to selective decomposition leaching of the copper component under optimum conditions in this research.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.125-131
• /
• 2015

In this study, we determined the ingredient analysis of harvested garlic bulb and soil analysis of four garlic-cultivated regions in Jeju, being one of the major areas of Namdo garlic production. Soil pH and electric conductivity were 7.02 and 1.03 dS/m, respectively. Soil organic matter was 4.31%. The mineral elements (potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium, iron, manganese, copper and zinc) of Namdo garlic cultivated soil were analyzed by ICP, and calcium was the most highly contained mineral with $14.67cmol_+/kg$ and in the decreasing order of magnesium ($2.25cmol_+/kg$), potassium ($1.51cmol_+/kg$). Soluble solid and total acidity were 7.60 oBrix and 0.49%, respectively. The mineral contents of garlic bulb were in order of potassium (12,728 ppm) > sulfur (7,778 ppm) > phosphorus (4,916 ppm) > magnesium (691 ppm) > calcium (359 ppm). The content of total phenolic, total flavonoid and reducing sugar were 71.14 mg GAE/100 g, 17.64 mg QE/100 g and 26.53 mg GE/g, respectively. Alliin and allicin were 8.78 mg/g and 2.10 mg/g, respectively. The Pearson's correlation coefficients between mineral contents of soil and garlic bulb are analyzed. Macronutrients of soil is correlated with macronutrients of garlic (positive) and micronutrients of garlic (negative) contents.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
• /
• v.19 no.1 s.47
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2006

In this study, we have investigated the purification characteristics of quartz which size was 0.1mm to 0.3 mm by using physical separation techniques. The A and B samples which contained 95,864 mg/kg and 4,568 mg/kg of impurities were reduced upto 126 mg/kg and 174 mg/kg of impurities, respectively. So, removal ratios of the total impurities were about 97.85 wt.% and 96.19 wt.%, individually. At that time, the yields of the purified quartz (over 99.98 wt.% $SiO_2$) were 79.05 wt.% and 75.43 wt.% by using purification process including magnetic separation, gravity separation and scrubbing process. The most benefit in purification process of both different raw materials for iron element can be achieved by magnetic separation. Also, gravity separation is extremely successful for reducing aluminium element.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.54 no.6
• /
• pp.825-834
• /
• 2021

This study was conducted to identify the food components and nutrition value of major fish roes on the market in Korea. The proximate compositions of the roes were 60.02-82.85% moisture, 14.61-29.21% protein, 1.24-14.59% lipid and 0.88-1.78% ash. The major total amino acids in the roes were glutamic acid, leucine, aspartic acid, lysine, and alanine. The major fatty acids were 22:6n-3 (docosahexenoic acid, 9.37-32.68%), 16:0 (5.96-21.39%), 18:1n-9 (12.64-25.30%), and 20:5n-3 (eicosapentaenoic acid, 3.79-16.99%). The mean major-mineral levels were phosphorus (291.63 mg/100 g edible portion), potassium (271.00 mg), sodium (175.86 mg), calcium (24.02 mg), and magnesium (22.15 mg). The mean trace-mineral levels were zinc (7.75 mg), iron (3.68 mg), and copper (0.81 mg). The results suggest that these fish roes are good sources of proteins, amino acids, n-3 fatty acids and minerals.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2011

In this study, the effect of surface coating on iron-sulfide mineral for preventing the product acid mine drainage(AMD) was progressed by oxidation process of sulfide minerals abandoned mine Area. Three abandoned mines, Yongdong coal mine, Sil Lim mine, and Il Koang mine were selected as a sulfide mineral resource due to higher contamination rate. Six coating agents, apatite, limestone, mangnite, dolomite, bentonite, and cement were used for preventing the AMD with $H_2O_2$ and NaClO as a oxidizing agent helping for oxidizing process on sulfide minerals. Experimental results showed that sulfide mineral surface was coated effectively. Cement has a higher ability of preventing AMD when the ratio of cement to mineralis 1:1 and experimental condition is maintaining 4Days.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.31 no.7
• /
• pp.473-482
• /
• 2009

In this study, iron and manganese coated sand (IMCS) was prepared by mixing Joomoonjin sand with solutions having different molar ratio of manganese ($Mn^{2+}$) and iron ($Fe^{3+}$). Mineral type of IMCS was analyzed by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. Removal efficiency of arsenic through As(III) oxidation and As(V) adsorption by IMCS having different ratio of Mn/Fe was evaluated. The coated amount of total Mn and Fe on all IMCS samples was less than that on sand coated with iron-oxide alone (ICS) or manganese-oxide alone (MCS). The mineral type of the manganese oxide on MCS and iron oxides on ICS were identified as ${\gamma}-MnO_2$ and mixture of goethite and magnetite, respectively. The same mineral type was appeared on IMCS. Removed amount As(V) by IMCS was greatly affected by the content of Fe rather than by the content of Mn. Adsorption of As(V) by IMCS was little affected by the presence of monovalent and divalent electrolytes. However a greatly reduced As(V) adsorption as observed in the presence of trivalent electrolyte such as $PO_4\;^{3-}$. As(III) oxidation efficiency by MCS in the presence of NaCl or $NaNO_3$ was two times greater than that in the presence of $PO_4\;^{3-}$. Meanwhile a greater As(III) oxidation efficiency was observed by IMCS in the presence of $PO_4\;^{3-}$. This was explained by the competitive adsorption between phosphate and arsenate on the surface of IMCS.

• Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.281-295
• /
• 2010

This paper deals with magnetic susceptibility, mineralogy, soil properties (pH, EC, CEC, loss on ignition), iron and manganese oxides, the content and partitioning of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn), and their mutual relationship in the soil samples of an unpolluted, abandoned mine area, and industrial complex area. The various minerals derived from weathered bedrock were identified by X-ray diffraction in the unpolluted soil samples, except for the magnetic minerals. XRD analysis also revealed the existence of hematite and magnetite related to mine tailings and waste rocks in the abandoned mine area samples. The industrial complex area samples had carbonate minerals, such as calcite and dolomite, that might be due to anthropogenic deposition. The sum of the reducible, oxidizable, and residual fractions was over 80% for the abandoned mine area samples and over 50% for the industrial complex area samples using the sequential extraction method. The industrial complex area samples had a relatively high carbonate fraction that was associated with carbonate minerals. The content of aqua regia-extractable Fe, Mn, As, and Zn had a high positive correlation with the content of the dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB)-extractable method related to Fe/Mn oxide phases. The 54% and 58% of aqua regia-extractable Fe and As content, respectively, acted together with the concentrations of the DCB-extractable phases. Magnetic susceptibility values of total samples ranged from 0.005 to $2.131{\times}10^{-6}m^3kg^{-1}$. The samples including iron oxide minerals, such as hematite and magnetite, had a high magnetic susceptibility. The magnetic susceptibility showed a significant correlation with the heavy metals, Cd (r=0.544, p<0.05), Cr (r=0.714, p<0.01), Ni (r=0.645, p<0.05), Pb (r=0.703, p<0.01), and Zn (r=0.496, p<0.01), as well as Fe (r=0.608, p<0.01) and Mn (r=0.615, p<0.01). The aqua regia-extractable Fe and Mn content had a significant positive correlation with Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn. However, the DCB-extractable Fe and Mn content had a significant positive correlation with As and Ni, indicating that the heavy metals were associated with Fe and Mn oxide minerals.