• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2002

Cefuroxime axetil is a cephalosporin antibiotic having a high activity against a wide spectrum of Grampositive and Gram-negative microorganisms. It is a cephalosporin antibiotic which exist as 2 diastereoisomers: diastereoisomer A and B. It shows polymorphism of three forms: a crystalline form having a melting point of about $180^{\circ}C$, a substantially amorphous form having a high melting point of about $135^{\circ}C$ and a substantially amorphous form having a low melting point of about 70^{\circ}C$. The crystalline form of cefuroxime axetil is slightly soluble in water because diastereoisomer A has lower solubility than B in water. Substantially amorphous form of which there are no difference in solubility between diastereoisomer A and B has better solubility than crystalline form, but it forms a thicker gel than crystalline form upon contact with an aqueous medium. Based on this reason, cefuroxime axetil is not readily absorbable in the gastrointestinal tract, rendering its bioavailability on oral administration very low. The object of this study was to develop an improved non-crystalline cefuroxime axetil composition having a high physicochemical stability and bioavailability. A non-crystalline cefuroxime axetil solid dispersant showing no peak on a Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) scan is prepared by dissolving cefuroxime axetil and a surfactant in an organic solvent; suspending a water-insoluble inorganic carrier in the resulting solution; and spray drying the resulting suspension to remove the organic solvent, said solid dispersant having an enhanced dissolution and stability of cefuroxime axetil and being useful for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for oral administration. Tablet was formulated with this cefuroxime axetil solid dispersant, disintegrants and other ingredients. It disintegrated and dissolved easily and dynamically in dissolution medium, so showed a good dissolution profile.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.1315-1326
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• 2013

하중에 민감한 케이블을 사용하는 현수교의 기하학적 형상은 하중을 저항할뿐만 아니라 시지각적 실루엣이 된다. 이 연구에서는 정력학적 도해법이 지니는 두 가지 가능성을 이용해서 힘의 흐름을 따르는 현수교의 초기 구조형태계획법을 제시한다. 첫째, 힘다각형을 이용해서 동일한 힘에 대해서 다양한 하중경로를 모색할 수 있다. 둘째, 구조형태와 힘다각형 사이에 존재하는 상반원리를 이용해서 새로 형성된 하중경로에 대응하는 구조형태를 생성할 수 있다. 먼저 현수교의 구조적 및 미학적 측면에 영향을 미치는 주요 구조형태변수를 선정한다. 이러한 변수에 대해서 구조형태와 힘다각형의 상호관계를 분석한다. 이를 토대로 현수교의 초기 구조형태계획에 대한 일련의 설계과정절차들을 개발한다. 이 연구에서 제시하는 구조형태계획법은 유사 형태저항 구조시스템의 설계대안을 생성하는데 수월하게 확장해서 사용할 수 있다. 또한 구조형태와 힘의 흐름과의 상호관계를 설명하는 교육용 도구로도 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2010

Sibutramine is an orally administered centrally-acting antiobesity agent and inhibits both noradrenaline(norephinephirine) and serotonin(5-HT) reuptake. These effects are contributed by its active metabolites, M1 and M2. However, as the free base form of sibutramine is an oil form in room temperature, it had the problem of handling and stability. Thus, this drug should be used in the form of acid salt form in the pharmaceutical application. Unfortunately, anhydrous sibutramine hydrochloride is highly hygroscopic and unstable. In order to solve the hygroscopicity of the anhydrous salt form, another sibutramine acid salt form must be developed as a hydrate form. In this study. to overcome these problems, various of sibutramine acid salt forms were prepared with the pharmaceutically available salts such as maleate, esylate, mandelate, camsylate, besylate, salicylate, tartrate, isethionate and malate forms, and their physicochemical properties were investigated. Sibutramine malate was selected for excellent solubility and stability among the listed salt forms above. Its pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated in rats comparing with sibutramine HCl, resulting in similar parameters. In vitro dissolution study of sibutramine malate-loaded capsule was performed comparison with commercial product ($Reductil^{(R)}$) in pH 1.2, pH 4.0, pH 6.8 and water medium. Our results indicated that there were no significant differences in their dissolution profiles were similar in all tested medium. Thus, sibutramine malate-loaded capsule should be a potential candiate due to its excellent solubility, good stability and biosimilar absorption.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.708-715
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• 2016

This study researched the sizing system of dress form for apparel manufacturing in the domestic market. It aims to be used as basic data for the development of a dress form that could be used by manufacturers of senior men's clothing. Research focused on the sizes presented on the homepages of 17 dress form manufacturers in the USA, France, Japan, and Korea. Body measurement was made for senior men in their 50's over men (n=134). Six items were measured by the 'Standard body measurement of Size Korea'. The type of dress form in the domestic market can be classified into half-body type (upper body type and lower body type), torso, and whole-body type; in addition, each type is divided into upper arm, arm, crotch, and thigh. Korean dress form manufacturers produced/sold diverse kinds (size 7-9) for women; however, they used large/small sizes or product sizes for men without defining sizes. The chest size (93-105cm) has not been standardized while the rates of waist circumference, hip circumference and shoulder length (in accordance with the chest size) were all different. Global dress form brands manufactured reflecting body dimensions by the state organization USA ASTM. Japan JIS. For this reason, most domestic clothing businesses depend on imported dress forms. Especially, there were no dress forms for senior men. With the growing market for seniors, it would be necessary to produce senior dress forms for clothing production that reflect the body shapes and sizes of seniors.

• 복식
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• 제57권8호
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• pp.75-88
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• 2007

Nowadays, geometrical form expressed on costume is recognizing as a part of modeling art, at the same time is working to develop it. Also the geometrical form is affording the coinciding lifestyle and sensitivity of customers keeping their pace. As a result, our study is researching on the geometrical form that is used in the pattern, silhouette, and detail of the costume to show the texture in sense of touch and the effect of optical illusion used in variable designs, in order to present the expansion our capability of infinite development included in the study of costume. Specially, geometrical form included in sports wear is very effective since the geometrical form includes short and simple beauty as well as practical design. Thus, this study is wishing to know if satisfying the practical and psychological urge of present human beings may be applied to the golf wear market, which is a type of sport that geometrical form is sent in the fastest way in domestic market. Also we are urged to know what type of design technique is the geometrical form nowadays used and changed to discriminate the artificial commerce and improve the identity of such unique brand. The source of this thesis is wishing to investigate the specialization and the most effective geometrical shape and preference of each type in domestic golf wear goods that applied geometrical goods in $2002{\sim}2006$ and analyze its way of expression.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.55-75
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• 2006

본 연구는 블루오션 전제조건의 하나인 고객가치혁신과 더불어 블루오션의 또다른 조건을 확인하고자 함을 목적으로 하고 있으며, 또한 시장을 세분화하고 적절한 전략을 수립함으로서 기업으로 하여금 블루오션 시장에 진입할 수 있도록 하고자 함이다. 이러한 목적을 위해 본 연구에서는 차별화된 가치혁신 요소를 지닌 시장에서의 접근, 가치혁신에 의한 시장세분화, 블루오션 착시시장의 특성을 가진 주요변수, 블루오션 시장진입을 위한 후발기업의 전략등의 문제를 다루고 있으며, 또한 가치와 관련된 문헌고찰, 블루오션 전략, 실제사례에서의 객관적 자료의 활용 등을 통해 분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 내구재와 비내구재의 대표적 사례로 껌과 냉장고 시장을 선정하였고, 가치혁신을 기준으로 시장을 분류한 결과 블루오션 시장과 블루오션 착시시장의 존재를 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2014

This research was for the investigation and analysis of the illustration of modular construction application which is different use by each school facility since modular construction related examples are rare in domestic situation, and it has a limitation because of its being basic research material for generating the basic form of modular construction. The research results are as followings. First, in case of school facility from illustration investigation results, module measurement of class modulation is as similar as $3m{\times}10m$, but in resident facility the planning of more flexible plane shape can be possible since modules of 6 cases are free and various, and facade form of various types can be appeared by combination of module unit. Second, as a result of the generated characteristics in compared analysis of representative examples, school facilities were highly indicated for movability and duration reduction areas, and the flexibility, economic efficiency, and environment-friendliness was indicated low relatively. Third, the basic planning types of modular construction can be largely divided into layered type, horizontal (straightway) type, and compound type. The layered type has a short traffic line and facility system and is appropriate for the low-rise form unless separate construction method is used since it is susceptible to load. The horizontal type is advantageous for securing an opening since it has wide extent in light but has a long traffic line and facility system. Finally, the compound type can be possible for planning of various forms but needs the combination of various unit modules and traffic line and facility plan for it can be difficult.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.103-123
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• 1997

This dissertation provides a theoretic study on the network security in general , the firewall in particular. In fact the firewall has been recognized as a very promising option to obtain the security inthe real work network environment . The dissertation provides a throuth theoretic investigation on the various problems raised in the computer network, and also explores a methodology of the security against IP spoofing. Moreover, it investigates a systematic procddure to make analysis and plans of the firewall configuration . Based on the above investigation and analysis, this dissertation provides two approaches to network security , which address anumber of issuesboth at the network and at applicatino level. At the network level, a new method is proposed which uses packet filtering based on the analysis of the counter plot about the screen router.On the other hand, at the application level, a novel method is explored which employs secureity software. Firewall-1 , on Bastion host. To demonstrate the feasibililty and the effectiveness of the proposed methodologties , a prototype implementation is made The experiment result shows that the screen router employing the proposed anti-IP spoofing method at the network level is effective enough for the system to remain secure without being invaded by any illegal packets entering form external hackers. Meanwhile , at the application level, the proposed software approach employing Firewall-1 is proved to be robust enugh to prevent hackings from the outer point the point protocal connnection . Theoretically, it is not possible to provide complete security to the network system, because the network security involve a number of issues raised form low level network equipments form high level network protocol. The result inthis dissertation provides a very promising solution to network security due to its high efficiency of the implementation and superb protectiveness from a variety of hacking.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.119-126
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• 2007

Tablet splitting is used in pharmacy practice to adjust the dose to be administered. However, it also causes several problems such as undesirable effect for sustained release or enteric-coated dosage form, inaccuracy of dose, and pharmacist's safety by splitting hazardous drugs. This study investigated the current status of oral dosage form splitting for patients older than 19 years by analyzing Korea National Health Insurance Claims Database. Out of oral solid drugs prescribed (N=1,486,584) 9.8% of them included tablets (or capsules) split. There were some splitting cases even in sustained release (4.9%), enteric-coated forms (1.3%) and hazardous drugs (2.7%) that were selected by NIOSH (The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health). The most frequently split drugs were antihistamines, neuropsychotics and steroids. In case of digoxin and warfarin, unit doses in a domestic market were not diverse compared to foreign markets. Guidelines for splitting oral solid dosage forms, approval of diverse doses and conducting dose-response studies for the commonly splitting ingredients on Korean people are needed for the saff and effective use of oral solid drugs.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제95권3호
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• pp.282-290
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• 2006

울릉도 산림식생의 유형은 총 232개 조사구를 토대로 식물사회학과 TWINSPAN분석에 의해 구분되었으며, 유형별 생활형조성이 분석되었다. 이 지역의 산림식생유형은 모두 22개 식생단위로 나타났으며, 크게 산지식생과 해안식생의 2개 광역그룹으로 대별되고, 전자는 4개 군락, 11개 군, 7개 소군, 후자는 2개 군락, 5개 군의 체계를 나타내었다. 산지식생과 해안식생의 생활형조성 특성을 보면 전자는 교목성과 초본성식물, 반지중식물, 바람에 의한 산포와 자연낙하기관형, 직립형식물 등의 구성비가 상대적으로 높았고, 후자는 관목성식물, 지표식물, 바람과 동물에 의한 산포기관형, 좁은 범위에 연락체를 만드는 유형과 포복경식물의 구성비가 높았다. 특히 산지식생형의 하위단위에 속하는 말오줌나무군락(A6)은 교란의 영향으로 바람에 의한 산포기관형, 약간 넓은 범위에 연락체를 만드는 유형과 덩굴형의 식물의 구성비가 높게 나타났다.