• 제목/요약/키워드: inverse spinel

검색결과 34건 처리시간 0.028초

Effects of Cr Doping on Magnetic Properties of Inverse Spinel CoFe2O4 Thin Films

  • Kim, Kwang-Joo;Kim, Hee-Kyung;Park, Young-Ran;Park, Jae-Yun
    • Journal of Magnetics
    • /
    • 제11권1호
    • /
    • pp.51-54
    • /
    • 2006
  • Variation of magnetic properties through Cr substitution for Co in inverse-spinel $CoFe_2O_4$ has been investigated by vibrating-sample magnetometry (VSM) and conversion electron $M\ddot{o}ssbauer$ spectroscopy (CEMS). $Cr_{x}Co_{1-x}Fe_2O_4$ samples were prepared as thin films by a sol-gel method. The lattice constant of the $Cr_{x}Co_{1-x}Fe_2O_4$ samples was found to remain unchanged, explainable in terms of a reduction of tetrahedral $Fe^{3+}$ ion to $Fe^{2+}$ due to substitution of $Cr^{3+}$ ion into octahedral $Co^{2+}$ site. The existence of the tetrahedral $Fe^{2+}$ ions in $Cr_{x}Co_{1-x}Fe_2O_4$ was confirmed by CEMS analysis. Room-temperature magnetic hysteresis curves for the $Cr_{x}Co_{1-x}Fe_2O_4$ films measured by VSM revealed that the saturation magnetization $M_s$ increases by Cr doping. The $M_s$ is maximized when x = 0.1 and decreases for higher x but is still bigger than that of $CoFe_2O_4$. The increase of $M_s$ can be explained partly by the reduction of the tetrahedral $Fe^{3+}$ ion to $Fe^{2+}$.

뫼스바우어 효과를 통한 FeIn2S4에서의 Fe2+ 초미세 상호 작용 연구 (The Hyperfine Interaction for the FeIn2S4 by Mössbauer Spectroscopy)

  • 손배순;김삼진;김철성
    • 한국자기학회지
    • /
    • 제17권1호
    • /
    • pp.30-33
    • /
    • 2007
  • [ $FeIn_2S_4$ ]를 제조하여 뫼스바우어 분광기, X-선 회절기, SQUID 자화율 측정기를 이용하여 결정학적 및 자기적 특성을 연구하였다. 결정구조는 역스피넬 구조로 In 이온은 각각 사면체 자리(A site)와 팔면체 자리(B site)에 동시에 존재하는데 비하여, Fe 이온은 팔면체 자리에만 존재하였다. Curie-Weiss 역자화율에 따른 유효자기모멘트는 $5.09{\mu}_B$였으며, 닐온도($N\'{e}el$ temperature)는 13 K였다. 이와 같이 낮은 닐온도는 팔면체 자리의 $Fe^{2+}(B)-S^2-Fe^{2+}(B)$의 초미세 상호작용이 약하기 때문인 것으로 설명되어진다. 전기사중극자 상호작용의 온도 의존성은 z-축에 따른 결정장 이론으로 설명되어진다.

Pulsed Laser Deposition을 이용한 Zn0.4Fe2.6O4 박막의 합성과 그 결정성 및 자기적 특성의 연구 (Growth of Zn0.4Fe2.6O4 Thin Films using Pulsed Laser Deposition and their Crystal Structural and Magnetic Properties)

  • 장안나;송종현;박창엽
    • 한국자기학회지
    • /
    • 제21권3호
    • /
    • pp.88-92
    • /
    • 2011
  • Pulsed Laser Deposition 방법을 사용하여 $Zn_{0.4}Fe_{2.6}O_4$ 박막을 증착하였으며 이의 결정성 및 자기적 특성을 증착온도의 함수로 조사하였다. 증착온도가 $300^{\circ}C$었을 경우 박막은 코런돔(corundom) ${\alpha}-$Fe_2O_3$ 또는 워자이트(wurzite) ZnO 구조를 지니고 있었으나 증착온도가 $500^{\circ}C$로 증가되었을 경우에는 $Zn_{0.4}Fe_{2.6}O_4(111)/Al_2O_3(0001)$의 결정 방향을 지닌 매우 안정된 역스피넬(inverse spinel) 성장이 이루어졌으며 또한 표면의 거칠기도 증착온도가 $300^{\circ}C$ 일 때 보다 더 평평하여졌다. 이러한 역스피넬 $Zn_{0.4}Fe_{2.6_O_4$ 박막에서는 X-선 산란 분석 결과 ${\alpha}-$Fe_2O_3$, ZnO에 해당하는 픽들은 전혀 관측되지 않았으며 이러한 사실들은 Zn가 증착온도를 높여줌에 따라 역스피넬의 사면체 자리에 치환되었음을 의미한다. M-H 곡선의 측정 결과 증착온도 $300^{\circ}C$ 박막은 자성 특성이 거의 관측되지 않은 반면 $500^{\circ}C$ 박막의 경우에는 매우 뚜렷한 강자성 특성을 확인할 수 있었으며 벌크보다 작은 포화자화 값은 팔면체 자리의 Fe 스핀들의 삐뚤림(canting)에 의한 것으로 이해된다.

Cr 치환된 역스피넬 Fe3O4 박막의 자기적 특성 (Magnetic Properties of Cr-Doped Inverse Spinel Fe3O4 Thin Films)

  • 이희정;최승리;이중한;김광주;최동혁;김철성
    • 한국자기학회지
    • /
    • 제17권2호
    • /
    • pp.51-54
    • /
    • 2007
  • 역스피넬 산화물 $Fe_3O_4$에 Cr을 치환하여 얻어지는 $Cr_xFe_{3-x}O_4$ 박막 시료들을 졸-겔 스핀코팅 방법을 이용하여 제작하고 그 구조적, 전자기적 특성들에 대한 측정 및 분석을 수행하였다. X선 회절 측정 결과, Cr 성분비가 증가함에 따라 격자상수가 소폭 감소하는 것이 관측되었다. 이는 Fe 이온에 비해 이온반경이 상대적으로 작은 Cr 이온이 +3의 이온수를 가지고 8면체 자리를 치환하는 것으로 설명 가능하다. 시료들에 대한 진동시료자화를 측정한 결과, Cr 성분비 증가에 따라 포화자화량이 $Fe_3O_4$에 비하여 점차적으로 감소하였는데, 이는 8면체 자리의 $Fe^{3+}(d^5)$$Cr^{3+}(d^3)$ 나타내는 스핀 자기능률 값의 비교를 통하여 설명 가능하다. 또한, 자기저항 효과도 Cr 성분비 증가에 따라 포화자화량과 유사한 추세로 감소하였다. $Cr_xFe_{3-x}O_4$ 박막 시료들의 보자력은 Cr 성분비 증가에 따라 증가함을 보였는데, 이는 $Cr^{3+}$ 이온의 8면체 자리 치환에 따른 자기 이방성의 증가에 기인하는 것으로 해석된다.

MBE growth and magnetic properties of epitaxial FeMn2O4 film on MgO(100)

  • Duong, Van Thiet;Nguyen, Thi Minh Hai;Nguyen, Anh Phuong;Dang, Duc Dung;Duong, Anh Tuan;Nguyen, Van Quang;Cho, Sunglae
    • 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
    • /
    • 한국진공학회 2016년도 제50회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
    • /
    • pp.318.2-318.2
    • /
    • 2016
  • FeM2X4 spinel structures, where M is a transition metal and X is oxygen or sulfur, are candidate materials for spin filters, one of the key devices in spintronics. Both the Fe and M ions can occupy tetrahedral and octahedral sites; therefore, these types of compounds can display various physical and chemical properties [1]. On the other hand, the electronic and magnetic properties of these spinel structures could be modified via the control of cation distribution [2, 3]. Among the spinel oxides, iron manganese oxide is one of promising materials for applications. FeMn2O4 shows inverse spinel structure above 390 K and ferrimagnetic properties below the temperature [4]. In this work, we report on the structural and magnetic properties of epitaxial FeMn2O4 thin film on MgO(100) substrate. The reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicated that films were epitaxially grown on MgO(100) without the impurity phases. The valance states of Fe and Mn in the FeMn2O4 film were carried out using x-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). The magnetic properties were measured by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), indicating that the samples are ferromagnetic at room temperature. The structural detail and origin of magnetic ordering in FeMn2O4 will be discussed.

  • PDF

Structural Phase Transition, Electronic Structure, and Magnetic Properties of Sol-gel-prepared Inverse-spinel Nickel-ferrites Thin Films

  • Kim, Kwang Joo;Kim, Min Hwan;Kim, Chul Sung
    • Journal of Magnetics
    • /
    • 제19권2호
    • /
    • pp.111-115
    • /
    • 2014
  • X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) were used to investigate the influence of Ni ions on the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of nickel-ferrites ($Ni_xFe_{3-x}O_4$). Spinel $Ni_xFe_{3-x}O_4$ ($x{\leq}0.96$) samples were prepared as polycrystalline thin films on $Al_2O_3$ (0001) substrates, using a sol-gel method. XRD patterns of the nickel-ferrites indicate that as the Ni composition increases (x > 0.3), a structural phase transition takes place from cubic to tetragonal lattice. The XPS results imply that the Ni ions in $Ni_xFe_{3-x}O_4$ substitute for the octahedral sites of the spinel lattice, mostly with the ionic valence of +2. The minority-spin d-electrons of the $Ni^{2+}$ ions are mainly distributed below the Fermi level ($E_F$), at around 3 eV; while those of the $Fe^{2+}$ ions are distributed closer to $E_F$ (~1 eV below $E_F$). The magnetic hysteresis curves of the $Ni_xFe_{3-x}O_4$ films measured by VSM show that as x increases, the saturation magnetization ($M_s$) linearly decreases. The decreasing trend is primarily attributable to the decrease in net spin magnetic moment, by the $Ni^{2+}$ ($2{\mu}_B$) substitution for octahedral $Fe^{2+}$ ($4{\mu}_B$) site.

$LiAl_5O_8-LiFe_5O_8$ 합성과 결정구조 해석 (Crystal structure refinement and synthesis of $LiAl_5O_8-LiFe_5O_8$)

  • 조남웅;김찬욱;장세기;유광수
    • 한국결정성장학회지
    • /
    • 제7권2호
    • /
    • pp.244-252
    • /
    • 1997
  • $LiCO_3, Al_2O_3, Fe_2O_3$ 혼합물을 1620K에서 반응시켜 리튬전지의 음극재료로 응용이 가능한 스핀넬형 $LiAl_{2.5}/Fe_{2.5}O_8$를 합성하였다. XRD의 Rietveld 해석을 통하여 결정구조 해석을 하였다. 고용체의 공간군은 $P4_3$32(a=8.1293$\AA$)이고, 결정구조해석의 최종 Residual index는 약 5%정도이었다. 역 스핀넬구조에서 양이온 $Al^{3+}, Fe^{3+}$은 4-배위와 6-배위로 위치하고, $Li^+$은 4b, 12d의 6-배위자리에 존재하였다.

  • PDF

Superparamagnetic Gd- and Mn-substituted Magnetite Fluids Applied as MRI Contrast Agents

  • Kim, Jong-Hee;Lee, Chang-Hyun;Lee, Sang-Kuk
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
    • /
    • 제30권6호
    • /
    • pp.1305-1308
    • /
    • 2009
  • The experimental particle samples included ($Mn_{0.1}Fe_{0.9}$)O-$Fe_2O_3$ and FeO-($Gd_{0.1}Fe_{0.9}$)$_2O_3$ with $Mn^{2+}\;and\;Gd^{3+}$ substitutions in inverse spinel $Fe_3O_4$. A lecithin surfactant was adsorbed onto the magnetic particles by ultrasonication. The samples prepared showed excellent dispersibility at the mean size of 13 nm; their saturation magnetization values were 63 emu/g for the bare and Mn-substituted magnetites, and 56 emu/g for the Gd-substituted magnetite. The crystal structure of the substituted magnetites was very similar to that of the bare magnetite, due to a small amount of 0.1 mole fraction substituted in synthesizing the magnetite. The magnetite fluids, according to T2-weighted MR images, effectively diminished the signal intensity in the liver and spleen of Sprague-Dawley rats.

NMR for magnetite

  • Lee, Soonchil
    • 한국자기공명학회논문지
    • /
    • 제22권4호
    • /
    • pp.101-106
    • /
    • 2018
  • Magnetite is the oldest magnet material known to mankind. It is getting attention again from solid state physics researchers now a days because it is one of the most strongly correlated electron systems. Spin, charge, and orbital orders are interplaying with lattice and involved in the Verwey transition where magnetization, conductivity, and structure changes suddenly. The peculiar ordering states above and below the transition temperature mainly originate from the coexistence of $Fe^{2+}$ and $Fe^{3+}$ ions in the B site of the inverse spinel structure. In particular, the state of the charge and orbital order was the oldest and most intriguing problem. NMR has made significant contribution to the investigation of this question. A. Abragam stated that there is no doubt that NMR is a very powerful tool for the study of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic materials. In this mini-review, a short history of NMR investigation of magnetite is presented, providing a support to Abragam's claim.