• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.380-387
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• 2002

To investigate the effects of xylooligosaccharides on the in vitro growth of intestinal bacteria, various species were cultivated individually on the m-PYF medium containing a carbon source (0.5% w/v) such as xylooligosaccharides, isomaltooligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides and sucrose, respectively. The health-promoting microorganisms such as Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus acidophilus grew more effectively by xylooligosaccharides than by other carbon source, though xylooligosaccharides inhibited the growth of Clostridium perfringens, Bacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhumurium. At the mixed culture xylooligosaccharides exerted a preferential stimulatory effects on numbers of the health-promoting microorganisms, while xylooligosaccharides inhibited populations of potential pathogens at relatively low level. Xylooligosaccharides also maintained the acidity of culture with Streptococcus mutans, caries-inducing bacteria, over pH 5.0. These results suggest that xylooligosaccharides selectively promote the growth of the health-promoting microorganisms in human intestine and prevent caries by inhibiting acid production from Streptococcu mutans.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.189-196
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• 2002

The direct detection of intestinal pathogens and viruses often requires costly, tedious, and time-consuming procedures. These requirements developed a test to show that the water was contaminated with sewage-borne pathogens by assessing the hygienic quality of water based on indicator microorganisms whose presence indicates that pathogenic microorganisms may also be present. Various groups of microorganisms have been suggested and used as indicator microorganisms. Proposed and commonly used microbial indicators are total coliforms, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci, Clostridium perfringens, heterotrophic plate count, bacteriophage, and so on. Unfortunately, most, if not all, of these indicators are not ideal because of the sensitivity and resistance to environment stresses and disinfection. However, the development of gene probes and PCR technology may give hope for the discovery of rapid and simple methods toy detecting small number of fecal pathogens in various environments.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.194-200
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• 2024

In the past, antibiotics and antimicrobial substances have been used for the purpose of promoting the growth of livestock or treating livestock, but various problems such as the presence of livestock products or resistant bacteria have emerged. Recently, regulations on the use of antibiotics have been strengthened worldwide, and probiotics are attracting attention as an alternative. Probiotic microorganisms have already been used for human use, such as intestinal abnormal fermentation, diarrhea, and indigestion. In livestock, beneficial microorganisms are increasing in use for the purpose of improving productivity, such as promoting livestock development and preventing diarrhea. Therefore, it is advisable to understand livestock probiotics in deeper and think about effective uses. The role of probiotics in the livestock sector is made with microorganisms themselves, so it is a substance that promotes livestock growth and improves feed efficiency by settling in the intestines of livestock, suppressing the growth of other harmful microorganisms, helping digestion and absorption of ingested feed, and helping to synthesize other nutrients. There is a need for a probiotic that suppresses intestinal bacteria by supplying probiotics used as a means to minimize the effects of stress in livestock management, thereby suppressing disease outbreaks by maintaining beneficial microorganisms and suppressing pathogenic microorganisms. The purpose of this paper is to develop a brand of feed additive probiotics to improve health conditions due to increased feed intake, improve the efficiency of use of feed nutrients, inhibit the decomposition and production of toxic substances, increase immunity, reduce odor in livestock, and improve the environment. We investigated and analyzed feed additive probiotics already on the market, and developed the naming and logo of suitable feed additive probiotic brands in livestock. We hoped that the newly developed product will be used in the field and help solve problems in the livestock field.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.25-39
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• 2024

Objectives : This paper focuses on recent research related to the relationship between 'Pizhuweiwei(脾主爲衛)' and intestinal flora, and suggests Korean Medical treatment methods that can treat and prevent diseases related to Spleen Deficiency(脾虛) such as ulcerative colitis, atrophic gastritis, diabetes, and obesity that is prevalent today. Methods : This study summarizes recent research results based on various literature on the relationship between the spleen and intestinal flora. Results : Polysaccharides contained in Jianpi herbs(健脾藥) have the effect of increasing beneficial bacteria and maintaining the diversity of intestinal microorganisms to improve intestinal function, managing intestinal metabolites to improve the body's immune function, and regulating the intestinal immune defense system. Therefore, based on the theory of 'Pizhuweiwei(脾主爲衛)', if the symptoms are treated through the spleen with Spleen-strengthening herbal medicinals, it could provide a substantial starting point for improving immunity. Conclusions : Polysaccharides contained in Jianpi herbs(健脾藥) could be considered as potential probiotics based on research findings which show that polysaccharides can regulate the intestinal flora and strengthen weak spleen, playing an important role.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.388-393
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• 1998

This study was performed to investigate the influence of vadrious dietary fiber sources such as mugwort, apple, sea mustard, butterbur on the intestinal in aged rats. Nine groups of aged rats (12months after weanling) were fed each experimental diet containing 5% and 15% dietary fibers for 4 weeks. The contents in large intestine of aged rats used for the measurement of intestinal microflora. Total viable counts and the numbers of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Clostridium, E. coli and Staphylococcus were determined by nonselective medium and various selective media. The intake of dietary fiber sources employed did not show any differece in the number of total microorganisms, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. It was remarkable that Clostridium perfringens appeared in the colon of aged rats. The prpulations of Peptococcus and Clostridium were significantly larger in the apple 5% group than in other dietary fiber groups while the number of Staphylococcus was significantly smaller in the dietary fiber groups than in cellulose group. And the Streptococcus populations decreased in the mugwort 15% group. Accordingly, the mugwort 15% group is effective in improving intestinal flora of aged rats.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.139-143
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• 2012

For human including newborn baby, the intestinal microbiota can play an important role in the development of the intestinal mucosa and in maintaining the balance of the immune cells. Important functions of the intestinal microbiota include the inhibition of the colonization of the intestine by potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Thus, the research of probiotics have been focused on the prevention and treatment of disorders associated with the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), including pathogen infection, traveler's diarrhea, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, and constipation. Probiotics have also been suggested as therapeutic agents against irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases. An increasing amount of evidence from clinical studies suggests that they are effective in the prevention of atopic allergies and may have potential anti-carcinogenic effects. Until recent years many scientific research for this use has been based on empirical observations. Therefore, probiotics in the form of fermented milk products have been long part of attempts to maintain good health in world wide.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.278-292
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• 1994

This study was attempted to investigate the effect of Machili Cortex extract(Machilus thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc. ) on digestive system in experimental animals. EtOH and MeOH extracts(E.E. and M.E.) were found to inhibit the charcoal transport rate in the small intestine of mice. E.E. exhibited the inhibition of spontaneous movement(motility) and tension in the ileum and colon strips of rabbit, and these actions were inhibited by action of acetylcholine. E.E. and M.E. given intraduodenaly(i.d.) exhibitied the significant decrease of gastric acid secretion in pylorus-ligated rats. E.E. and M.E. inhibited the formation of some experimental gastric ulcers(pylorus ligation-ulcer i.d., indomethacin-induced ulcer p.o. and aspirin-induced ulcer p.o. ) in rats, which are considered to relate to a protective action. E.E. and M.E. caused remarkable increase of bile excretion, compared with normal-control group, when adminstered through i.d., i.v. and p.o. The antibacterial activity against several intestinal microorganisms and other bacteria in vitro test was observed in the administration of E.E. and M.E.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.77-84
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• 2012

Various antibiotics, that could induce the appearance of resistant microorganisms, have been used for treatment or prevention of bacterial diseases in marine and ornamental fish. We determined and characterized the level of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and proportion of multi-drug resistant bacteria in intestinal microflora of both marine fish cultured in Korea and imported ornamental freshwater fish. For this the bacterial species and resistance to antibiotics were investigated in intestine of rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus cultured in Korea and pearl gourami Trichogaster leeri imported from Singapore to characterise. Although the bacterial species were different, proportions of resistant bacteria to single antibiotics or multi-drug were higher in intestinal microflora of pearl gourami Trichogaster leeri imported from Singapore than in rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus cultured in Korea. These results indicate that various antibiotics have been being used before trading without measures in the market of asian ornamental fishes, providing high risks for the emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.502-511
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• 2013

This study evaluated the composition two popular species of edible bamboo shoots in Korea (Phyllostachyspubescens and Sinoarundinarianigra) and the effect of their abundant dietary fiber on intestinal microorganisms in healthy young women. The ranges of total moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, crude ash, and dietary fiber content were 87.190.8, 2.943.5, 0.150.39, 0.411.05, and 4.206.15% (wet weight basis), respectively. Moisture and crude ash content increased after heat treatment; however, crude protein, crude lipid, and dietary fiber content were reduced after heating. The major minerals found in bamboo shoots were potassium, phosphorous, sulfur, magnesium, and calcium. In addition, glucose and fructose were abundant free sugars, while asparagine and tyrosine were the most abundant free amino acids. Approximately 70% of the total free fatty acids found in bamboo shoots were linoleic acid and linolenic acid. The ascorbic acid content was 6.60~17.56 mg/100 g (wet weight basis), and one phenolic compound, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, was 0.10.2% (wet weight basis) and detected by HPLC analysis. The intake of bamboo shoots for seven days significantly increased viable cell counts of Lactobacillus spp. and reduced viable cell counts of Bacteriodes spp. in feces (p<0.05). In our data, bamboo shoots may be useful in the food industry as high dietary fiber ingredients.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.249-256
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• 1992

Potato juice was found out to have a strong inhibition activity on the growth of Clostridium perf;nngens during work of foodstuffs for the improvement of human intestinal microflora. The anti-bacterial activity of the precipitated protein obtained from the potato juice in 70% ammonium sulfate solution was stable at the range of pH 4 to 10, whereas it was lost by a heat treatment at $60^{\circ}C$ for 10 min. The minimal inhibitory concentration of the precipitated protein on the growth of C1. Pefingens was about 0.2 mg/ml. The potato protein also suppressed the growth of C1. butyrincm and Eubacterium iimosum, while it showed a promoting effect for the growth of Bifdobacterium bifidum, Bif: animalis, Lactobacillus plantarum and Lact. acidophitus. The potato protein was further purified by CM-Sepharose ion exchange column chromatography, Sephadex G-150 gel filtration column chromatography and SDS-polyacrylarnide gel electrophoresis. The purified protein(kCp) was proved to be a glycoprotein by PAS staining and its molecular weight was about 38.7 kd.