• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2000

A boundary integral equation method in the shape design sensitivity analysis is developed for the elasticity problems with axisymmetric non-homogeneous bodies. Functionals involving displacements and tractions at the zonal interface are considered. Sensitivity formula in terms of the interface shape variation is then derived by taking derivative of the boundary integral identity. Adjoint problem is defined such that displacement and traction discontinuity is imposed at the interface. Analytic example for a compound cylinder is taken to show the validity of the derived sensitivity formula. In the numerical implementation, solutions at the interface for the primal and adjoint system are used for the sensitivity. While the BEM is a natural tool for the solution, more generalization should be made since it should handle the jump conditions at the interface. Accuracy of the sensitivity is evaluated numerically by the same compound cylinder problem. The endosseous implant-bone interface problem is considered next as a practical application, in which the stress value is of great importance for successful osseointegration at the interface. As a preliminary step, a simple model with tapered cylinder is considered in this paper. Numerical accuracy is shown to be excellent which promises that the method can be used as an efficient and reliable tool in the optimization procedure for the implant design. Though only the axisymmetric problem is considered here, the method can be applied to general elasticity problems having interface.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1454-1463
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• 2020

An important factor in eye-tracking PC interface for general paralyzed patients is the implementation of the mouse interface, for manipulating the GUI. With a successfully implemented mouse interface, users can generate mouse events exactly at the point of their choosing. However, it is difficult to define this interaction in the eye-tracking interface. This problem has been defined as the Midas touch problem and has been a major focus of eye-tracking research. There have been many attempts to solve this problem using blink, voice input, etc. However, it was not suitable for general paralyzed patients because some of them cannot wink or speak. In this paper, we propose a mouth-pop-up, eye-tracking mouse interface that solves the Midas touch problem as well as becoming a suitable interface for general paralyzed patients using a common RGB camera. The interface presented in this paper implements a mouse interface that detects the opening and closing of the mouth to activate a pop-up menu that the user can select the mouse event. After implementation, a performance experiment was conducted. As a result, we found that the number of malfunctions and the time to perform tasks were reduced compared to the existing method.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.249-265
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• 2017

Interface problem here refers to a second order elliptic problem with a discontinuous coefficient for the second order derivatives. For the corresponding boundary value problem, the maximum principle still holds but Hopf's boundary point lemma may fail. We will give an optimal power type estimate that replaces Hopf's lemma at those boundary points, where this coefficient jumps.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.121-126
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• 2008

A plane strain problem of a crack on interface between an isotropic elastic conductor and a transversely isotropic piezoelectric ceramics is considered. The problem is reduced to system integrodifferential equations on the interface. These equations relate the normal and tangential components of the crack opening vector with distribution of normal and shear stresses on the crack surfaces. It therefore make it possible to obtain an exact solution as a function of the loading applied to the crack surfaces. As an example, some analytical solutions of the crack problem are given.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.180-185
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• 2000

An interface V-notched crack problem can be formulated as a eigenvalue problem. there are the eigenvalues which give stress singularities at the V-notched crack tip. The RWCIM is a method of calculating the eigenvector coefficients associated with eigenvalues for a V-notched crack problem. Obtaining the stress intensity factors for an interface crack in dissimilar materials is examined by the RWCIM. The results of stress intensity factors for an interface crack are compared with those of the displacement extrapolation method by the BEM

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.348-355
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• 1992

Casting structures and properties are determined by the solidification speed in the metal mold. The heat transfer characteristics of the interface between the mold and the casting is one of the major factors that control the solidification speed. According to Sully's research, the thermal resistance exists due to the air-gap formation at the mold-casting interface during the freezing process and the interface heat transfer coefficient is used to describe the degree of it. In this study, one-dimensional Stefan problem with air-gap resistance in the cylindrical geometry is considered and heat transfer characteristics is numerically examined. The temperature distribution and solidification speed are obtained by using the modified variable time step method. And the effects of the major parameters such as mold geometry, thermal conductivity, heat transfer coefficient and initial temperature of casting on the thermal characteristics are investigated.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.109-124
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• 2017

The numerical solution of the Stokes equation with discontinuous viscosity and singular force term is challenging, due to the discontinuity of pressure, non-smoothness of velocity, and coupled discontinuities along interface.In this paper, we give an efficient algorithm to solve this problem by employing spectral Legendre and Chebyshev approximations.First, we present the algorithm for a problem defined in rectangular domain with straight line interface. Then it is generalized to a domain with smooth curve boundary and interface by employing spectral element method. Numerical experiments demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of our algorithm and its spectral convergence.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37권5A호
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• pp.348-357
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• 2012

최근 스마트폰, 노트북 등 무선 네트워크를 사용하는 단말들이 널리 보급되면서 이러한 무선 단말들이 액세스 포인트(AP)에 접속하여 주고받는 트래픽의 양도 증가하였다. 이 때 하나의 AP를 통해 전달되는 트래픽이 증가하면 성능 저하가 발생하는 문제점이 생겨났다. 이를 해결하기 위해 서비스 제공자들은 트래픽의 부하가 큰 지역에 추가적으로 AP를 설치하여 이를 방지하고자 한다. 하지만 기존 시스템에서는 단말이 접속할 AP를 선택할 때 AP의 부하를 알 수 없고, AP에서도 부하를 측정하고 부하 분배를 수행하는 매커니즘이 존재하지 않는다. 따라서 AP를 추가로 설치하여도 성능 저하를 근본적으로 방지할 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 이를 해결하기 위해 멀티 인터페이스 액세스 포인트(MIAP)를 제안한다. 여러 개의 인터페이스를 통해서 하나의 AP가 여러 개의 AP와 같이 동작하고 AP에서 각 인터페이스별 실시간 부하를 측정하여 동적으로 부하 분배를 수행한다. 실험을 통해 기존 시스템의 문제점과 그에 따른 성능 저하를 확인하였고 MIAP를 직접 비교하여 성능 비교 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 전체 성능을 약 72% 향상시켰고 딜레이 지터도 안정화 시키는 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.2230-2241
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• 2006

This paper presents a sole application of boundary element method to the conjugate heat transfer problem of thermally developing laminar flow in a thick walled pipe when the fluid velocities are fully developed. Due to the coupled mechanism of heat conduction in the solid region and heat convection in the fluid region, two separate solutions in the solid and fluid regions are sought to match the solid-fluid interface continuity condition. In this method, the dual reciprocity boundary element method (DRBEM) with the axial direction marching scheme is used to solve the heat convection problem and the conventional boundary element method (BEM) of axisymmetric model is applied to solve the heat conduction problem. An iterative and numerically stable BEM solution algorithm is presented, which uses the coupled interface conditions explicitly instead of uncoupled conditions. Both the local convective heat transfer coefficient at solid-fluid interface and the local mean fluid temperature are initially guessed and updated as the unknown interface thermal conditions in the iterative solution procedure. Two examples imposing uniform temperature and heat flux boundary conditions are tested in thermally developing region and compared with analytic solutions where available. The benchmark test results are shown to be in good agreement with the analytic solutions for both examples with different boundary conditions.

• 산업공학
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2002

In mobile phone, complex user interface tend to cause the degradation of product usability. This problem is mainly due to the small hardware user interface of mobile phone. That is, because many functions must be operated in small hardware interface, the principle of one-to-one mapping between a function and a control is disregarded in design, often. In order to resolve this problem, users' characteristics must be considered in the user interface design of mobile phone. So, users' basic characteristics that must be considered in the user interface design of mobile phone were studied through two experiments, questionnaire survey and user testing.