• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.1717-1725
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• 2013

The objectives of this study were to compare visual observation and an electronic grazing time method and to evaluate the effects of nutritional plans on intake, grazing behavior and horizontal and vertical locomotion of young bulls in a tropical pasture. Thirty-nine Nellore young bulls with an average body weight of $345{\pm}9.3$ kg kept in pasture were used. The experimental treatments consisted of: restricted: animals kept in a plot with a low mass of forage receiving mineral mixture only; control: animals receiving mineral mixture only; HPHC: a high protein and high carbohydrate supplement; HPLC: a high protein and low carbohydrate supplement; LPHC: a low protein and high carbohydrate supplement; LPLC: a low protein and low carbohydrate supplement. GPS collars equipped with activity sensors were used. Information about head position, latitude, longitude and altitude were recorded. Daytime grazing behavioral patterns monitored by a continuous focal animal recording method was compared to behavior estimated by the activity sensor. Feed intake was estimated by a marker method. The Restricted group presented lower (p<0.05) intake of dry matter and TDN. However, difference in dry matter intake was not found (p>0.05) between non-supplemented and supplemented animals. Difference was not found (p>0.05) in daytime grazing time obtained by visual observation or the activity sensor method. The restricted group showed longer (p<0.05) grazing time (9.58 h/d) than other groups, but difference was not found (p>0.05) in the grazing time between Control (8.35 h/d) and supplemented animals (8.03 h/d). The Restricted group presented lower (p<0.05) horizontal locomotion distance (2,168 m/d) in comparison to other groups (2,580.6 m/d). It can be concluded that the use of activity sensor methods can be recommended due to their being similar to visual observation and able to record 24-h/d. While supplements with high carbohydrates reduce pasture intake, they do not change grazing behavior. Moderate supplementation (until 50% of protein requirement and 30% of energy requirement) of beef cattle on tropical pasture has no effect on daily locomotion.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.746-755
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• 1999

This study was to investigate the eating behavior and the anthropometric and biochemical correlates of dietary restraint in femals university from 14 to 20 September 1997, including a Korean Thanksgiving day (16 September). The daily energy intakes and macronutrient compositions were analyzed by means of 7-day dietary records. The most important variable correlated with dietary restraint was hip girth. When dividing the subjects into restrained and unrestrained groups by the basis of a median spit on the hip girth, the restrained group had a about 400kcal less than the unrestrained group in 16 September. Differences were also found with respect to macronutrient composition. The restrained group showed a significant lower fat portion of the energy intake in 16 September and a higher fat portion in 20 September than the unrestrained group. It means that the restrained eaters reduced their fat intake in the Korean Thanksgiving day. However, they can't keep the cognitive control in the 4-day after the holiday.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.631-646
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the carbonated beverage consumption and related factors of dental hygiene students in Gwangju Jeonnam. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 343 dental hygiene students in the Gwangju Jeonnam area from May 17, 2017 to June 1 based on convenience sampling. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects, the frequency of carbonated beverage intake, its degree of impact on oral health, oral care behavior following the intake of carbonated beverages, and the method of intake. Results:There were 293 people (85.4%) who drink carbonated beverages. The intake frequency was an average of 3.9 times a week, and the most frequently consumed beverage was cola with an average of 1.8 times a week. The intake frequency of carbonated beverage was correlated with a higher share of the cost of the beverage in the subject's monthly allowance, a lower intention of ceasing intake of carbonated beverage henceforth, and a lower grade. Conclusions: It is necessary to raise awareness on carbonated beverages through nutrition education concerning beverages including the harmful effects of carbonated beverages and reinforcement of oral health education in regular education courses. In addition, it is considered necessary to refrain from the consumption carbonated beverages by oneself as a preliminary dental hygienist.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.395-400
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• 2003

This study investigated the effect of sleep duration on food and nutrient intake among adult Koreans. The effects of sleep duration on dietary patterns was studied in 7,370 Korean adults, aged 20 and older, who participated in the 1998 Korean National Health and Nutrition Survey in which the 24 hour recall method was used to estimate dietary intake. Sleep duration data from individual subject were collected by interview as a part of a behavior survey. Analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test were used to test the differences in food and nutrition intake and sleep duration. Food intakes of the male subjects were not significantly different among three groups. However, there were significant differences observed in intakes of beverage and alcohol among female subjects among the three groups. There were no significant differences observed for nutrient intake by sleep duration for either gender. Unlike the observation from European and American studies, food and nutrient intake of Korean subjects, in general, were not greatly affected by duration of sleep. This result may suggest that dietary habits of Koreans, as affected by sleep, are quite different from those of Europeans & Americans.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.683-696
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• 2019

This study examined the nutritional status and dietary behaviors of university students in Gangwon-do as well as the effects of dietary education on them. Forty college students were recruited, and their dietary lifestyle was examined using an Adult NQ questionnaire before and after dietary education. The questionnaire items were grouped into four categories: balance, diversity, moderation, and dietary behavior. The mean NQ score out of 100 was 48.00. Among the three grades of the NQ grade criteria, most subjects (50%) were in the lowest grade, which was poor. The mean scores of the NQ factors were highest for moderation (68.76%), followed in order by diversity (50.81%), dietary behavior (45.66%), and balance (21.01%). Compared to the criterion value, moderation was only good, and balance was the worst. These results suggest that the nutritional status of the subjects is poor. On the other hand, there was a significant change in the areas of the NQ score (53.7), balance (29.22) and dietary behavior (56.77) after dietary education. Nevertheless, the 'balance' area remained lower than the average, highlighting the need for education on food intake to enable diverse food intake.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the oral health behaviors of multicultural family adolescents and native family adolescents to use as the basis for the oral health care. Methods: The data included a subset of the Korean Youth Health Behavior Online Survey, self-administered, targeting 72,435 middle school and high school students in 2013. The questionnaire was composed of respondents characteristics, oral eating behavior, drinking, smoking, oral health behavior, oral symptoms. Results: 1. 35.7% of the multicultural adolescents were bad economic level and 26.5% of the multicultural adolescents perceived their oral health status to be poorer than native adolescents. 2. 51.1% of multicultural adolescents was 5 times more likely to intake milk and 15.5% of multicultural adolescents cookie intake was higher than native adolescent. 3. 29.9% of multicultural adolescents always brushed their teeth more in a week than native adolescents. 4. Bleeding gums and oral odor symptoms in multicultural adolescents were 24.6%, 28.0% higher than native adolescents. Conclusions: This finding suggests that the multicultural adolescent need health education including oral health food habit, oral health care, early dental visit for prevention, early treatment.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2014

본 연구는 고등학생들의 카페인에 대한 올바른 인식 및 카페인 함유식품의 섭취 및 선택을 위한 교육 프로그램에 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 경북 지역의 고등학생을 대상으로 하여 카페인 함유식품에 대한 인식도, 지식수준, 섭취행동을 살펴보고 카페인 섭취량에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하였다. 본 연구의 자료는 2013년 12월 27일부터 2014년 2월 14일까지 경북 지역의 고등학생을 대상으로 하여 설문조사를 통해 수집되었다. 총 300부를 배포하여 부실기재한 것을 제외한 총 255부를 최종 분석 자료로 사용하였다. 본 연구의 자료는 SPSS Window V.21.0 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도 분석, t 분석, 일원배치 분산분석, Pearson의 상관분석 및 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 나타난 결과를 요약하면, 조사대상자의 카페인 함유식품에 대한 평균값은 5점 만점에 2.76점으로 대체로 낮았는데 여학생보다 남학생이, 1학년에 비해 2, 3학년이, 그리고 건강에 대한 관심수준이 상에 비해 하인 경우 카페인이 함유된 식품에 대한 관심이 낮았다. 또한 카페인 함유식품의 섭취가 건강에 대체로 해롭다고 생각하고 있었으며, 카페인 섭취가 본인의 원기 회복이나 집중력 향상에 크게 도움을 주지 않는 것으로 인식하고 있었다. 카페인에 대한 지식정답률은 54.3%로 나타났으며, 소수의 응답자만이 카페인 섭취를 줄이라는 권유를 학교선생님이나 부모로부터 들어본 적이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 조사대상자들의 평균 카페인 섭취량은 71.67mg/day이었으며, 남학생의 섭취량은 78.98mg/day, 여학생의 섭취량은 61.23mg/day이었고, 조사대상자의 12.5%가 최대 일일섭취권고량을 초과하여 카페인을 섭취한 것으로 나타났다. 회귀분석을 통해 조사대상자의 카페인 섭취량에 영향을 미치는 요인을 살펴본 결과 학년, BMI, 건강에 대한 관심도, 카페인 섭취가 본인의 원기 회복, 집중력 향상 등에 도움을 주는 정도에 대한 인식도, 카페인 섭취를 줄이라는 권유를 학교선생님으로부터 들어본 경험이 유의한 요인으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 해서 볼 때 고등학생들이 카페인에 대한 정확한 지식을 습득할 수 있도록 정보 제공이나 교육이 필요한 것으로 보인다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.240-249
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of alcohol intake on nutritional intake status among the college students. The subjects were divided three groups; no-alcohol group(n=78), alcohol group(n=113), and high-alcohol group(n=82) according to intake and frequency of alcohol. And they were observed characteristics of alcohol drinking, dietary behavior and attitude, and nutrient intakes using questionnaires. The frequency of skipping meals in breakfast in high-alcohol group were higher than in other two groups(p<0.01). There were no significant differences in frequency of skipping meals of lunch and supper, reason why skipped meals, and total score of dietary attitude among three groups. However, the score of dietary attitude about no heavy drinking and smoking in high-alcohol group was higher than in other two groups(p<0.01). There were significant difference in vitamin B2 intake, alcohol intake, and energy intakes from carbohydrate, lipid, and alcohol among three groups(p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.05, p<0.05). Compared energy intake of high-alcohol group with other two groups, intake from carbohydrate was low and intakes from lipid and alcohol were high. In the nutrient density, plant protein and carbohydrate in no-alcohol group, lipid and vitamin B2 in alcohol group, and animal lipid in high-alcohol group were highest among three groups. NAR and MAR were not significant difference among three groups except that NAR of P in alcohol group is highest among three groups(p<0.05). In conclusion, students high consuming alcohol have unhealty dietary behaviors in the light of high frequency of skipping breakfast, undesirable dietary attitude of alcohol drinking and smoking, and low energy inake from diet. Therefore, this results should be considered in meal management and nutritional education for student of high alcohol consumption.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.530-538
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Calcium is important but deficient in diets of young adult women. This study aimed to examine if cognitive factors and eating behaviors differ according to calcium intake based on the Social Cognitive Theory. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Subjects were female college students in Seoul, Korea. Three hundred students completed the questionnaire regarding calcium intake, nutrition knowledge, outcome expectations, self-efficacy and eating behaviors. Data on 240 students were analyzed using t-test or ${\chi}^2$-test. Subjects were categorized into two groups, high calcium intake (HC, ${\geq}650mg/day$) and low calcium intake (LC, < 650 mg/day), according to recommended intakes of calcium for women aged 19-29 years. RESULTS: The LC group constituted 77.9% of total subjects. Nutrition knowledge was not different according to calcium intake. Three out of 12 outcome expectations items were significantly different between the HC and LC groups. Subjects in the HC group agreed more strongly with the practical benefits of consuming calcium-rich foods, including 'taste' (P < 0.01) and 'going well with other snacks' (P < 0.05), compared to those in the LC group. Negative expectations of 'indigestion' were stronger in the LC group than HC group (P < 0.001). Among self-efficacy items, perceived ability of 'eating dairy foods for snacks' (P < 0.001), 'eating dairy foods every day' (P < 0.01), and 'eating calcium-rich side dishes at meals' (P < 0.05) differed significantly between the HC and LC groups. Eating behaviors including more frequent consumption of dairy foods, fruits or fruit juice (P < 0.001), anchovy, seaweeds, green vegetables, protein-rich foods (P < 0.05), and less frequent consumption of sweets or soft drinks (P < 0.01) were significantly related to calcium intake. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that outcome expectations, self-efficacy in consuming calcium-rich foods, and eating behaviors are important in explaining calcium intake. Nutrition education needs to address practical benefits, reduce negative expectations of calcium-rich foods, increase self-efficacy, and modify eating behaviors contributing to calcium intake.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.350-362
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• 2021

Objectives: This study investigated an association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and the dietary quality of adults in Deagu, Korea. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted in 1,022 adults aged 19 ~ 49 years (502 men and 520 women) in the Deagu area of Korea. Daily intake of SSB was obtained by the food frequency questionnaire, and the dietary quality was assessed using the nutrition quotient (NQ) for Korean adults. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between dietary quality and daily intake of SSB in adults. Results: Daily intake of SSB was 463.6 mL/d for total subjects, and the highest intakes were sweetened coffees (192.7 mL/d), followed by carbonated drinks (77.1 mL/d). Higher intake of SSB was associated with higher intake frequency of fast food or sweet and greasy bread, processed beverage, ramyon, eating out or delivery food and night snack, and also associated with lower frequency of water, breakfast intake and nutrition label checking in men or women. Men and women who had a higher intake SSB had significantly greater odds for being in the low grade of NQ (P for trend = 0.0006 for men, P for trend = 0.0007 for women), especially in the moderation factor (P for trend < 0.0001 for men and women). Conclusions: This study showed that high SSB intake was significantly associated with low dietary quality among adults. These study results suggest that nutrition education programs and guidelines should be provided to adults for improving their consumption of SSB and related diets.