• Molecules and Cells
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.429-441
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• 2009

We have determined the complete mitochondrial genome of the yellow-spotted long horned beetle, Psacothea hilaris (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), an endangered insect species in Korea. The 15,856-bp long P. hilaris mitogenome harbors gene content typical of the animal mitogenome and a gene arrangement identical to the most common type found in insect mitogenomes. As with all other sequenced coleopteran species, the 5-bp long TAGTA motif was also detected in the intergenic space sequence located between $tRNA^{Ser}$(UCN) and ND1 of P. hilaris. The 1,190-bp long non-coding A+T-rich region harbors an unusual series of seven identical repeat sequences of 57-bp in length and several stretches of sequences with the potential to form stem-and-loop structures. Furthermore, it contains one $tRNA^{Arg}$-like sequence and one $tRNA^{Lys}$-like sequence. Phylogenetic analysis among available coleopteran mitogenomes using the concatenated amino acid sequences of PCGs appear to support the sister group relationship of the suborder Polyphaga to all remaining suborders, including Adephaga, Myxophaga, and Archostemata. Among the two available infraorders in Polyphaga, a monophyletic Cucujiformia was confirmed, with the placement of Cleroidea as the basal lineage for Cucujiformia. On the other hand, the infraorder Elateriformia was not identified as monophyletic, thereby indicating that Scirtoidea and Buprestoidea are the basal lineages for Cucujiformia and the remaining Elateriformia.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.15-28
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• 2022

신경펩타이드(Neuropeptide)는 신경세포에서 분비되는 단백질성 물질로, 곤충 호르몬에서 가장 큰 그룹으로 차지한다. 이들은 곤충의 전 생육단계에 걸쳐 지방체의 항상성, 섭식, 소화, 배설, 순환, 번식, 탈피/변태 등 다양한 생리적 기능과 행동을 조절하는데 관여하고 있다. 신경호르몬 일종인 PRXamide (NH₂) 펩타이드 계열 호르몬은 카르복실기 끝에 PRX (X, 다양한 아미노산)라는 공통의 아미노산 서열이 특징적으로 존재하고 있으며, 곤충 전반에 걸쳐 발견된다. 곤충에서PRX 신경호르몬은 다양한 생물학적 기능에 관련하고 있는데 호르몬구조와 기능에 따라 크게 3가지로 분류한다. Pyrokinin (PK)계열의 호르몬은 페로몬 생합성 활성화 신경펩타이드(pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide, PBAN) 및 휴면 호르몬(diapause hormone, DH)이 속하며, 카파(CAPA) 펩타이드 호르몬, 그리고 탈피촉진 호르몬(ecdysis trigging hormone, ETH)이 여기에 속한다. PK 계열의 PBAN 호르몬은 지금으로부터 약 30년전 나방에서 처음 밝혀졌으며, 성페로몬 생합성을 자극하는 신경호르몬으로 확인되었다. 그 이후, PBAN의 연구는 절지동물 전반에 걸쳐 다양한 연구자들에 의하여 광범위하게 이루어졌다. 본 종설은 PBAN의 유전자 구조와 발현, PBAN에 의한 세포신호 전달과 성페로몬 생합성에 관련된 생리적 기작, 그리고 신경호르몬과 PBAN을 이용한 새로운 해충 방제법 개발의 가능성과 예를 소개한다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.507-513
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• 1997

Sequential observations of binding patterns and structural effects of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki were made on fat body tissue of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea Drury. Fat body was cultured in vitro in the presence of purified 62 kDa endotoxin and then examined for protein synthesis and the localization of membrane-bound toxin detected by an antibody against the 62 kDa endotoxin. Protein synthesis was mostly inhibited at concentrations of 15 ${\mu}$g/ml and higher. Immunocytochemical observations suggest that the toxin binds to all exposed basal lamina surrounding the fat body without apparent specificity. The cytopathic effect delectable by scanning electron microscope is disintegration rather than cell swelling. The basal lamina bound toxin was eventually detached from the fat body and followed by an extrusion of cell contents like lipid granules.

• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.173-179
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• 1996

The gene encoding gIII of bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) PQ strain was cloned and expressed in baculovirus. Although the gIII gene is located in Hind III I fragment as the case of the other BHV-1 strains, differences in size and restriction endonuclease site within the fragment were identified. The gIII expression was predominantly detected on the surface on insect cells by indirect immunofluoresecnce assay using monoclonal antibody. The western blotting analysis also revealed the presence of expressed protein of a similar molecular size to the original gIII protein. The immunogenicity of expressed protein were tested in guinea pigs. The immunized guinea pigs with expressed protein developed the neutralizing antibodies against BHV-1.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.345-350
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• 2009

We have isolated and characterized a new insect chicken type (c-type) lysozyme gene from the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura. The full-length cDNA of Spodoptera lysozyme is cloned by rapid amplification of cDNA ends PCR (RACE-PCR). The isolated cDNA consists of 1039 bp including the coding region for a 142-amino acid residue polypeptide, which included a signal peptide of 21-amino acid residue and a mature protein of 121-amino acid residue. The predicted molecular weight of mature lysozyme and its theoretical isoelectric point from amino acid composition is 13964.8 Da and 9.05, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence of Spodoptera lysozyme gene shows the highest similarity (96.7%) to Spodoptera exigua lysozyme among other lepidopteran species. Amino acid sequence comparison with other the c-type lysozymes, Spodoptera lysozyme has the completely conserved $Glu^{32}$ and $Asp^{50}$ of the active site and eight Cys residues are completely conserved in the same position as that of other lepidopteran lysozymes.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.259-264
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• 2009

The AvChit gene encodes for a chitinase from the spider, Araneus ventricosus. This spider, A. ventricosus, is an abundant species in Korea. Arabidopsis thaliana plants were transformed with the AvChit gene using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Thirteen transgenic lines expressing the AvChit gene were obtained. Functional expression of the AvChit gene in transgenic Arabidopsis was confirmed by Southern, northern and western blot analysis. The AvChit cDNA was expressed as a 61 kDa polypeptide in baculovirus-infected insect Sf9 cells. AvChit protein extracted from transgenic Arabidopsis exhibited high levels of chitinase activity. Phytopathological tests showed that two transgenic Arabidopsis lines expressing the AvChit gene displayed high levels of resistance to gray mold disease (Botrytis cinerea).

• 한국잠사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국잠사학회 2003년도 International Symposium of Silkworm/Insect Biotechnology and Annual Meeting of Korea Society of Sericultural Science
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• pp.118-119
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• 2003

Baculovirus occlusion bodies have been recently engineered to incorporate foreign protein such as the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) CrylAc protein for improvement of insecticidal activity. In this study, polyhedrin, cylAc, egfp and crylCa genes were fused to produce occlusion bodies that contain novel recombinant crystal protein by homologous recombination between cylAc and crylCa genes in insect cells. (omitted)

• 한국응용곤충학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용곤충학회 2000년도 추계 학술발표회
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• pp.24-24
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• 2000

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.351-354
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• 2008

Anaphylaxis is an acute systemic reaction caused by IgE-mediated immunological release of mediators from mast cells and basophils to allergenic triggers, such as food, insect venoms, and medications. An alternative definition was recently proposed as follows: anaphylaxis is a "condition caused by an IgE mediated reaction" that is "often life threatening and almost always unanticipated." The reaction can be severe enough to lead to the rapid onset of symptoms, including dizziness, upper airway occlusion, bronchial constriction, hypotension, urticaria, cardiovascular arrhythmias and possible cardiac arrest. The incidence or prevalence of anaphylaxis in Korean pediatrics has not known. Thus, Epidemiology of Anaphylaxis in Pediatrics based on the data from Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (KHIRA) from 2001 to 2007 and questionnaire to the member of Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease (KAPARD) who are working at the training hospitals was studied. The incidence of anaphylaxis under age 19 is 0.7-1.0 per 100,000 year-person. The causes of anaphylaxis based on data from KHIRA were unknown (61.7%), food (24.9%), medications (12.4%), and serum (1.0%).

• 약학회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.71-73
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• 2012

Cordyceps militaris, a caterpillar-grown traditional medicinal mushroom, produces important bioactive compounds, cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) and militarin. Militarin is reported to possess anticancer activities against several tumor cells. An efficient synthetic method of militarin was developed to prepare muti-gram scale sample for bioassay. Militarin was successfully synthesized from commercial starting materials in 5 steps and 29.3% overall yields.