• 제목/요약/키워드: inoculation

검색결과 2,414건 처리시간 0.024초

Efficient Transmission and Propagation of Tomato Chlorosis Virus by Simple Single-Leaflet Grafting

  • Lee, Huin;Kim, Mi-Kyeong;Choi, Hong-Soo;Kang, Jin-Ho;Ju, Ho-Jong;Seo, Jang-Kyun
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제33권3호
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    • pp.345-349
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    • 2017
  • Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), a member of the genus Crinivirus, has caused an epidemic disease in tomato worldwide. ToCV is phloem-limited and transmitted by whiteflies in a semi-persistent manner, but not by mechanical inoculation. Experimental propagation of ToCV has been performed primarily by using whitefly-mediated inoculation. To develop a simple and convenient method for transmission of ToCV, we investigated grafting single-leaflets from tomato plants infected with ToCV to recipient tomato seedlings. Forty-one of 46 tomato seedlings tested were grafted successfully with single-leaflets infected with ToCV. Among them, 36 seedlings (87.8%) were systemically infected with ToCV and developed typical symptoms. Our results demonstrated that single-leaflet grafting could provide a sufficient amount of inoculum for the transmission of ToCV to the grafted seedlings.

회주철 판형 주조품의 공정 셀 수와 칠 깊이에 미치는 두께, 기본 원소 및 접종제의 영향 (Effects of Thickness, Base Element and Inoculants on the Number of Eutectic Cells and Chill Depth of Gray Cast Iron Plate Casting)

  • 김태형;오정혁;권해욱
    • 한국주조공학회지
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.137-144
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    • 2011
  • The effects of thickness, base element and inoculants on the number of eutectic cells and chill depth of gray cast iron plate casting were investigated. Meanwhile the number of eutectic cells increased by inoculation, chill depth decreased. The former decreased and the latter increased by holding the melt at the temperature range between 1,450 and $1,500^{\circ}C$. The former was more for the thinner casting with the thickness of 5 mm than the other. The result of thermal analysis coincided well with the change of macrostructure. The former increased and the latter decreased with the increased contents of carbon, silicon and the silicon content by inoculation. The former decreased and the latter increased with increased manganese content. The performance of the Superseed Extra was the best among 5 inoculants.

딸기탄저병의 시기별 발생과 감염경로 (Seasonal Occurrence and Infection Site of Strawberry Anthracnose)

  • 김승한;최성용;임양숙;윤재탁;최부술
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.45-49
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    • 2002
  • 딸기탄저병의 발병특성은 정식 직후 격발하다가 시간이 지날수록 발병율이 감소하였으며, 11월 이후에는 발병이 감소하였다. 정식 직후에는 주로 런너로 침입하였으나 엽병 제거 후는 제거한 상처부위로 주로 침입을 하였다. 식물체의 부위별로는 런너에서 가장 강한 병원력을 보였으며 접종방법별로는 생장점 부위로 관주를 할 경우 가장 발병율이 높았다. 딸기탄저병에 의해 고사된 포기를 제거한 자리에 건전한 포기를 심었을 경우 옮겨 심은 포기에서는 발병이 되지 않았다.

Establishment of a Simple and Rapid Gene Delivery System for Cucurbits by Using Engineered Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus

  • Kang, Minji;Seo, Jang Kyun;Choi, Hoseong;Choi, Hong Soo;Kim, Kook Hyung
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.70-76
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    • 2016
  • The infectious full-length cDNA clone of zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) isolate PA (pZYMV-PA), which was isolated from pumpkin, was constructed by utilizing viral transcription and processing signals to produce infectious in vivo transcripts. Simple rub-inoculation of plasmid DNAs of pZYMV-PA was successful to cause infection of zucchini plants (Cucurbita pepo L.). We further engineered this infectious cDNA clone of ZYMV as a viral vector for systemic expression of heterologous proteins in cucurbits. We successfully expressed two reporter genes including gfp and bar in zucchini plants by simple rub-inoculation of plasmid DNAs of the ZYMV-based expression constructs. Our method of the ZYMV-based viral vector in association with the simple rub-inoculation provides an easy and rapid approach for introduction and evaluation of heterologous genes in cucurbits.

상처처리와 접종시간이 Agrobacterium에 의한 고추 형질전환에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Wounding and Inoculation Time on Agrobacterium -mediated Transformation in Capsicum annuum L.)

  • 전영주;박영두;최근원
    • 원예과학기술지
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    • 제18권6호
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    • pp.797-801
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    • 2000
  • 본 연구는 고추에서 Agrobacterium tumefaciens를 이용한 형질 전환시 형질전환율을 높이기 위하여 A. tumefaciens와의 접종시간과 인위적인 상처처리에 따른 효과를 조사하였던 바 고추 형질전환시 자엽절편체의 재분화는 인위적 상처처리 및 A. tumefaciens 접종시간에 의해 영향을 받았다. 접종시간을 3600초로 한 경우의 재분화는 상처처리에 의해 급격히 감소하였으며 자엽 절편체에 대한 인위적인 상처처리가 20초 또는 120초간의 접종시간처리와 병행됨으로써 형질 전환율을 58-72% 이상으로 높이는 효과를 보였다. 형질전환여부의 확인을 ${\beta}$-glucuronidase 염색법과 npt II primer를 이용한 polymerase chain reaction 분석에 의해 수행 한 바 효과적인 것으로 판단되었다.

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당근혹선충이 고추와 토마토의 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Root-knot Nematode, Meliodogyne hapla, on Growth and Yield of Pepper and Tomato)

  • 조현제;한상찬
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.15-20
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    • 1983
  • 당근혹선충의 피해 정도와 경제적 피해 수준을 결정하고자 폿트 시험으로 실시한 결과 선충 접종 8주후까지는 고추, 토마토 모두 생육에 차이가 없었으나 12주 이후 주당 10,000마리 이상 접종구에서는 현저하게 떨어졌고 저밀도 접종일 때 생장 촉진 효과는 작물에 따라 차이가 있었다. 선충 접종 밀도와 고추, 토마토 수량과의 관계는 주당 7,500마리 이하 접종에서는 무처리와 차이가 없었으나 10,000마리 이상에서는 고추 $15\%$, 토마토 $14\%$ 이상 감수되었다.

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감자 바이러스 Y 복제유전자 cDNA로 형질전환된 황색종 담배의 저항성 특성 (Resistance Characteristics of Flue-cured Tobacco Plants Transformed with CDNA of Potato Virus Y Replicase Gene)

  • 박은경;백경희;유진삼;조혜선;강신웅;김영호
    • 한국연초학회지
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.11-17
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    • 1997
  • A flue-cured tobacco variety (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Wisconsin) was used for Plant transformation with the complementary DNA (cDNA) of potato virus Y-necrosis strain (PVY-VN) replicase gone (Nb) which was synthesized through reverse-transcription Primed with oligo(dT) and Polymerization using RNase H-digested template. The cDNA was cloned into Plant expression vector Plasmid (PMBP2), and introduced into tobacco plants by co-culturing tobacco leaf disks with Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 containing the plasmid before Plant regeneration. Eight Plants, in which the inserted cDNA fragment was detected by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), out of 70 putative transformants inserted with sense-oriented Mb cDNA showed no symptom at 3 weeks after inoculation, while the other 62 plants, and all plants with vector gone only and antisense-oriented NIb cDNA had susceptible vein-necrosis symptoms. However, only 2 of the 8 resistant plants were highly resistant, which remained symptomless up to 10 weeks after inoculation. Among the first progenies (T1) from self-fertilized seeds of the two resistant transgenic plants, less than 10 % of 71 plants appeared highly resistant (with no symptom), 70% moderately resistant (with mild symptoms on 1 - 2 leaves), and about 20% susceptible (with susceptible symptoms on 3 or more leaves) at 3 weeks after inoculation. These results suggest that the PVY resistance was inherited in the 71 generation. Key words : potato virus Y. viral replicase gene, transgenic tobacco Plants, resistance.

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박육주철의 공정 셀 수와 칠 깊이에 미치는 두께, 기본 원소 및 접종제 첨가 원소의 영향 (Effects of Thickness, Base Element and Additive to Inoculant on the Number of Eutectic Cells and Chill Depth of Thin-Section Gray Cast Iron)

  • 김태형;이우종;권해욱
    • 한국주조공학회지
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    • 제32권6호
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    • pp.261-268
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    • 2012
  • The effects of thickness, base element and additive to inoculant on the number of eutectic cells and chill depth of thin-section gray cast iron were investigated. Meanwhile the number of eutectic cells increased by inoculation, chill depth decreased. The former decreased and the latter increased by holding the melt at the temperature range between 1,450 and $1,500^{\circ}C$. The former was more for the thinner casting with the thickness of 5 mm than the other. The result of thermal analysis coincided well with the change of macrostructure. The former increased and the latter decreased with the increased contents of carbon, silicon and the silicon content by inoculation. The former decreased and the latter increased with increased manganese content. The number of eutectic cells decreased as the amounts of rare earth and the bismuth added to this inoculant increased. With the addition of sulfur of 0.10 wt% of the weight of this inoculant, the maximum number of eutectic cells was obtained.

진행된 암 동물모델에서의 리포좀 포집 PALA의 항암 치료 효과 (Therapeutic Potency of N-(Phosphonacetyl)-L-Aspartic Acid in Liposome in Established Tumor Bearing Mice)

  • 김진석
    • Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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    • 제30권2호
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    • pp.127-131
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    • 2000
  • Previously, we have reported an antitumor efficacy of liposomal N-(phosphon-acetyl)-L-aspartic acid (or PALA) in C-26 tumor bearing Balb/c mice, where PALA in liposome was administered one day after tumor inoculation. In this report, we have investigated the therapeutic potency of liposomal formulation of PALA, which was administered eight days after tumor inoculation in the same C-26 tumor bearing mice. The C-26 murine colon tumor inoculated mice were randomized for the in vivo therapy and the survival was measured after a single intraperitoneal injection of the drug. When the therapy was initiated eight days after tumor inoculation, DSPC-PALA at 150 mg/kg resulted in a significant increase in median survival time (MST) of 56% over the control group which received MES/HEPES buffer alone. However, none of the free PALA and DSPG-PALA liposome doses caused a statistically significant increase in MST over control group at the 95% confidence level. At 750 mg/kg dose, free PALA caused a marginally significant improvement in MST by 34%, but both 375 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg doses of free PALA caused only a 2% and a 4% increase in MST, respectively. These results show that PALA in neutrally charged liposome can exhibit considerably greater potency than free PALA in established C-26 tumor bearing mice.

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Identification of Aecial Host Ranges of Four Korean Gymnosporangium Species Based on the Artificial Inoculation with Teliospores Obtained from Various Forms of Telia

  • Yun, Hye-Young;Lee, Seung-Kyu;Lee, Kyung-Joon
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.310-316
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    • 2005
  • The objectives of this study were to identify the aecial host ranges of four Korean Gymnosporangium species, G. asiaticum, G. cornutum, Gjaponicum and Gyamadae, and to verify the morphological characteristics of telia as diagnostic keys to the species. Thirteen Korean Rosaceous woody species were artificially inoculated with teliospores obtained from Juniperus species. There was high specificity between telial and aecial hosts and the fungal species, providing the first experimental proof on host alternation of these rust fungi in Korea. Telia on the witches' broom and on the small galls were identified as new telial characteristics in G asiaticum and in G. yamadae, respectively. Aecial hosts of G. asiaticum and G. yamadae showed varying responses in their susceptibility and in the days required for formation and duration of spermogonia and aecia after inoculation. Four telial host species in Juniperus were confirmed for the first time in Korea, which include J. chinensis var. kaizuka, J. chinensis var. horizontalis and J. chinensis var. globosa for G. asiaticum; and J. chinensis var. kaizuka for G. yamadae.