• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.406-410
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• 2003

For selection of lactic acid bacteria for probiotics, we have examined isolated strains from Korean Dongchimi to assess the acid, bile, and pancreatic tolerance and the growth inhibition on the pathogens. Especially, a kind of isolated strains, FF-3 showed the highest resistancy to both of HCl and bile salt, as well as the highest inhibitory activities against Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli. Further the bacteriocin of FF-3 showed relatively wide range of inhibition spectrum against gram positive and some gram negative bacterias. By using 16s rDNA sequencing method, FF-3 of the selected lactic acid bacteria were found to be identified as genus Lactobacillus.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.397-415
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• 2002

This paper deals with a crucial mechanism for interaction of basic drugs and cardiac glycosides at the hepatic uptake level. Available literature data is provided and new material is presented to picture the differential transport inhibition of bulky (type2) cationic drugs by a number of cardiac glycosides in rat liver. It is shown that the so called organic anion transporting peptide 2 (oatp2) is the likely interaction site: differential inhibition patterns as observed in oocytes expressing oatp2, could be clearly identified also in isolated rat hepatocytes, isolated perfused rat liver and the rat in vivo. The anticipation of transport interactions at the hepatic clearance level should be based on data on the relative affinities of interacting substrates for the transport systems involved along with knowledge on the pharmacokinetics of these agents as well as the chosen dose regimen in the studied species. This review highlights the importance of multispecific tranporter systems such as OATP, accommodating a broad spectrum of organic compounds of various charge, implying potential transport interactions that can affect body distribution and organ clearance.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.297-301
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• 2003

An inhibitor of squalene synthase, a key enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathways and a target for improved agents to lower plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein, was sequentially purified from Curcuma longa by acetone extraction, silica gel column chromatography, and sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Active compound, YUF-01, was successfully purified and analyzed as $C_{20}H_{21}O_6$ by electron ionization mass spectrum. Through $^1H-NMR$ and $^{13}C-NMR$ analyses, YUF-01 was identified as curcumin, which showed strong inhibition of squalene synthase.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.496-500
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• 1990

When pepsin was used at a concentration of 8 mglml for hydrolysis of 0.02% casein, inhibitory activity of this inhibitor was proportional to a inhibitor concentration of 20 ${\mu}g$/ml, and fifty percent inhibition ($IC_{50}$) was observed to be 15 ${\mu}g$/ml. The inhibitor was pH-stable at pH range of 5-9 at $100^{\circ}C$ for 10 minutes and thermo-stable at pH 7.0 at $100^{\circ}C$ to give 100% activity for 20 minutes. The formation of pepsin-inhibitor complex was confirmed by sephadex 6-25 gel filtration and type of inhibition was determined as non-competitive inhibition by Lineweaver-Burk plot. The inhibitor strongly inhibited acid proteases such as pepsin and renin, and it was soluble in methanol very well. On TLC analysis of silicagel 60 using various sohent systems, the inhibitor gave a single spot at Rf range 0.4-0.6. From the result of IR spectrum and color reaction (Rydon-Smith, Biuret), this inhibitor was considered as peptide substance. Melting point and elemental contents were 220-$230^{\circ}C$, and C 50.61%-H 8.02%-N 9.34% (found), respectively.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.216-220
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• 2009

The several functional properties of freeze-dried powder of Aloe vera gel was examined as influenced by pre-concentration degrees of the gel solution. As a pre-treatment prior to freeze drying, the gel solution was vacuum-concentrated by three levels (unit: g-water/g-solids) - high (H), 76; medium (M), 119; low (L), 159. In FT-IR spectra, the sample H showed the highest absorbance in the range of 1600-1550 $cm^{-1}$ and 1450-1400 $cm^{-1}$, which corresponded to level of the acetyl group in glucomannan. The sample H of freeze-dried powder was the highest in polysaccharide content, jack bean urease inhibition rate, and FAC (fat adsorption capacity). It could be inferred that the sample H had an effect on Helicobacter pylori inhibition and fat adsorption suppression according to urease inhibition rate and FAC, respectively.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2004

The antimicrobial substances from Rhodiola sachalinensis were extncted, isolated and identified. The highest level of antimicrobial activity and its yield were obtained in methanol extract. The minimum inhibition concentrations of the methanol extract were 500 $\mu\textrm{g}$mL on agar plate and 100 $\mu\textrm{g}$mL in broth media for four gram positive and four gram negative microbials. The methanol extract was fractionated by n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate, and butanol, orderly. The separate was developed on the TLC plate with different solvent system ratio of chloroform and methanol. Nine substances were isolated from chloroform and methanol mixture(9:1, v/v). Among them, three isolates showed antimicrobial activity. Three substances separated by HPLC were identified by GC/MS(EI) spectrum and $^1$H, /sup13/C-NMR spectrum. They were gallic acid, (-)-epicatechin and kaempferol. The antimicrobial activities of each substances were shown gallic acid, (-)-epicatechin, kaempferol orderly.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.425-431
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• 1996

Human neutrophil elastases (HNElastase, EC 3.4.21.37), a causative factor of inflammatory diseases, are regulated by plasma proteinase inhibitors, alpha-proteinase inhibitor and ${\alpha}_2-macroglobulin$. Under certain pathological conditions, however, released enzymes or abnormal function of inhibitors may cause various inflammatory disease. NSAIDs have been clinically applied for treatment of inflammatory diseases. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase is a known mechanism of action of NSAIDs in the treatment of inflammatory disease. In in vitro experiments, HNElastase was inhibited by naproxen, phenylbutazone, and oxyphenbutazone, but ibuprofen, ketoprofen, aspirin, salicylic acid, and tolmetin did not inhibit elastase. HNElastase was also inhibited by chelating agents, EDTA & EGTA, and tetracyclines. Removal of divalent metal ions by EDTA caused inhibition of elastase, and reconstitution of the metal ions recovered the enzyme activity to a certain level. Frequencies and contours in the Raman spectra of various conditions of human neutrophil elastase undergo drastic changes upon partial removal and/or reconstitution of calcium and zinc ions. The metal ion content dependent activities and change of the contour of the Raman spectrogram suggest us that the mechanism of action of a chelator or chelator-like agents on neutrophil elastase may be related to the conformational change at/or near the active site, especially -C=O radical or -COOH radical.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.284-289
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• 1997

A Gram (-), rod-shaped bacterium $2.3{\sim}2.8{\times}0.45{\mu}m$ in size which exhibited growth-inhibiting effects against a cyanobacterium (Anabaena cylindrica) was isolated from Daechung Dam Reservoir. This isolate was identified as Moraxella sp. and designated Moracella sp. CK-1. Hollow zones formed around bacterial colonies on the cyanobacterial lawn. In a mixed-culture of A. cylindrica and the isolate, each microorganism grew inverse-proportionally, and the cyanobacterial vegetative cells completely disappeared within 24 hours. On treatment with Moraxella sp. CK-1, cell walls of A. cylindrica disappeared, but sheathes remained in a more electron dense form. The unit membrane such as thylakoidal membrane was stable to bacterial lysing activity. This bacterium showed a broad action spectrum against cyanobacteria. The growth-inhibiting activity of Moracella sp. CK-1 against A. cylindrica is believed to be performed through the excretion of active substances.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.98.1-98
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• 2003

Antagonistic effect of bacterial strains isolated from phylloplane of strawberry plants grown In greenhouse was tested on Botrytis cinerea Among the promising bacterial strains, Bacillus sp. S1-0210 showed highest inhibition of mycelial growth of B. cinerea and a broad spectrum of antifungal activities against many plant pathogenic fungi in vitro. Bacillus sp. S1-0210 was identified as Bacillus subtilis based on the analysis of 185 rDNA as well as its biochemical characteristics. Application of wettable powder formulation of B. subtiiis S1-0210 significantly reduced the incidence of gray mold on trawberry fruits during storage. Results showed that treatment of B. subtilis S1-0210 decreased the incidence of gray mold by 4.8％ whereas the incidence in control was 77.9％, indicating that the formulation of B. subtilis S1-0210 will be practically applied on strawberry fruits as a biocontrol agent of gray mold during storage.

• CELLMED
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.5.1-5.3
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• 2011

Molecular events that cause tumor formation enhance a number of HOX genes, called switch genes, coding for RNApolymeraseII transcription factors. Thus, in tumor cells, RNApolymeraseII is more active than in other somatic cells. Amanita phalloides contains amanitin which inhibits RNApolymeraseII. Partial inhibition with amanitin influences tumor cell - but not normal cell - activity. To widen the treatment spectrum, dilutions of Amanita phalloides, containing amanitin, are applied to a patient with mammary duct cancer. For monitoring tumormarkers, different doses of amanitin are applied. The former duplication time of tumor growth represented three months; however within a period of 18 months the patient can be stabilized without further growth of the tumor. There are also no severe symptoms, no liver damage and no continuous erythrocyte deprivation. This new principle of tumor therapy shows high potential to provide a medical treatment.