• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.423-445
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• 2010

Previous research have demonstrated that the external factors (ex., money, appearance) are more influential in Easterners' self-views and conditions for happiness than those of Westerners'. Based on these results, the current study examined whether 1) children and adolescents acquired these tendency as they grew up and 2) this tendency had relevance with social comparison. Total 954 students (260 elementary, 216 middle school, 260 high school and 218 college students) participated in the study. The results showed that elementary and middle school students regarded the internal factors (ex., thinking, feeling) as more important. But high school students considered the external factors as more important, and there was no difference in college students. Also, the results revealed that elementary and middle school students regarded the harmony of family and peace of mind as more important conditions for happiness. These results contrasted with preference for better educational backgrounds, better occupation, and money in high school and college students. In addition, age and social comparison tendency had positive relation with external self-concepts and negative relation with self-esteem. Especially, high school students showed strongest external self-concepts and social comparison tendency among four age groups. They also showed strongest preference for external conditions for happiness, but their self-esteem was the lowest. This might reflect fierce competition for college education in Korea, and the results of the current study have demonstrated that adolescents developed a tendency to prefer external factors to internal factors as they grew up in a competitive environment.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.1-26
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• 2023

This article will analyze and forecast important variables and dynamics in global power politics after the war in Ukraine. It tries to use several perspectives to analyze international relations, particularly liberal internationalism and structural realism. In short, core variables are as follows; First, how is the US-led liberal international order and globalization being adjusted? Second, how will the U.S.-China strategic competition, which is the biggest and structural variable, cause changes in the international order in the future? The third variable, how stable are Sino-Russia relations in the context of a structuring U.S.-China-Russia strategic new triangle? Fourth, to what extent will third middle hedging states outside the U.S. and China be able to exercise strategic autonomy in the face of multipolarization? To summarize, the first of these four variables is the largest basic variable at the global political and economic level in terms of its impact on the international community, and it has been led by the United States. The second variable, in terms of actors, seems to be the most influential structural variable in global competition, and the US-China strategic competition is likely to be a long game. Thus the world will not be able to escape the influence of the competition between the two global powers. For South Korea, this second variable is probably the biggest external variable and dilemma. The third variable, the stability of Sino-Russia relations, determines balance of global power in the 21st century. The U.S.-China-Russia strategic new triangle, as seen in the current war in Ukraine, will operate as the greatest power variable in not only global power competition but also changes in the international order. Just as the U.S. is eager for a Sino-Russia fragmentation strategy, such as a Tito-style wedge policy to manage balance of power in the early years of the Cold War, it needs a reverse Kissinger strategy to reset the U.S.-Russia relationship, in order to push for a Sino-Russia splitting in the 21st century. But with the war in Ukraine, it seems that this fragmentation strategy has already been broken. In the context of Northeast Asia, whether or not the stability of Sino-Russia relations depends not only on the United States, but also on the Korean Peninsula. Finally, the fourth variable is a dependent variable that emerged as a result of the interaction of the above three variables, but simultaneously it remains to be seen that this variable is likely to act as the most dynamic and independent variable that can promote multilateralism, multipolarization, and pan-regionalism of the global international community in the future. Taking into account these four variables together, we can make an outlook on the change in the international order.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.41-55
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Job Embeddedness of members of small and medium-sized construction companies on turnover intention through organizational commitment, targeting employees of small and medium-sized construction companies located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon. The significance sampling method was applied as the sampling method, and the number of cases used in the final analysis was 316, and the input data was processed using the SPSS 20.0 program for statistical analysis. As a result of analysis, First, it was found to have a significant negative(-) effect on the turnover intention in suitability and sacrifice as sub-factors of Job Embeddedness of small and medium-sized construction company members, and the correlation between linkage and turnover intention was not significant. Second, it was found to have a significant positive(+) effect on the organizational commitment in suitability, links and sacrifice as sub-factors of job embeddedness of small and medium-sized construction company members. Third, organizational commitment was found to have a significant negative(-) effect on turnover intention. Fourth, organizational commitment was found to completely mediate the relationship between job commitment and turnover intention. Therefore, it was found that the higher the Job embeddedness of the members of small and medium-sized construction companies, the more influential the turnover intention. This suggests that it can have a negative effect on turnover intention by improving the suitability of values pursued by individual members of the organization, work passion, and attachment to the organization.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1298-1308
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• 2023

This study collected 245 questionnaires from college students in Gyeonggi-do and analyzed them using SPSS statistical packages, with the aim of identifying the status of hair loss perception due to the relationship between stress and hair loss received by college students and analyzing the correlation between stress and hair loss perception by type. As a result of the study, it was analyzed that the biggest problem caused by hair loss was 'loss of confidence', and in particular, people who were stressed about career/employment and studies were analyzed to consider the problem of 'loss of confidence' the most serious. As a result of cross-analysis of the general characteristics of awareness and the 'most recent stress' item, and as a result of correlation analysis between stress by type and hair loss status that constitutes hair loss awareness, it was analyzed that all types of stress affect hair loss in college students. Among them, career/employment stress and academic stress were found to be the most influential stress, and in the event of hair loss, it was analyzed that they were more willing to engage in hair loss treatment for career/employment, study, and appearance before interpersonal relationships or economic problems. Therefore, this study is of great significance in that it classified stress by type and analyzed the correlation through empirical research methods by specifying the contents of hair loss recognition into three categories: hair loss status, hair loss management, and hair loss treatment.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.739-747
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between nursing students' COVID-19-related knowledge, perception of infection risk, and health beliefs and infection prevention behaviors, and to identify the factors influencing COVID-19 prevention behaviors, and to provide the necessary basic data for the preparation of measures to improve the infection prevention behaviors of nursing students. Data were collected from 161 nursing students 4th in G city. Data analysis was analyzed by descriptive statistics, Independant t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 21.0 program.. AS a result of this study, Preventive Behaviors was found to have significant positive correlations with COVID-19 Risk Perception(r=.217, p=.006), Health Belief Model of Perceived benefit(r=.206, p=.009) and negative correlations with Perceived barriers(r=-.219, p=.005). The most influential factors the Preventive Behaviors of nursing students were the Perceived benefit (β=.17, p<.001), mental health status after COVID-19(β=.188, p=.014), and these factors explained 58% in Preventive Behaviors(F=9.686, p=.000). In conclusion, it is expected that nursing students' health belief promotion programs, infection-related curriculum, and emotional support programs can be developed and applied to improve the degree of infection prevention behaviors.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.155-163
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• 2024

Nursing students, as prospective nurses, are expected to act as child abuse reporters and advocates for child targets. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a basis for developing a child abuse prevention education program for nursing students by determining the extent of nursing students' perceived target vulnerability and target advocacy, child rights awareness, and intention to report child abuse, and analyzing the relationships among the variables. This study is a descriptive survey study to identify the effects of target vulnerability, target advocacy, and child rights awareness on intention to report child abuse among 154 nursing students, and the data collection period was from July 3 to July 31, 2023, and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 program. As a result of identifying the influential factors on nursing students' intention to report child abuse, child abuse education, championing social justice as a sub-variable of target advocacy, and target vulnerability, the explanatory power of these variables was 35.8%. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that it is necessary to increase activities through the development and application of simulation education based on actual clinical cases in order to increase nursing students' interest in and education about child abuse.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.33-49
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• 2018

Since there are growing concerns regarding personal information, users have perceived the importance of it. It makes users try to manage and control personal information by their own intentions. Therefore, we assume users now have begun to perceive psychological ownership on personal information. A main objective of this study is to identitythe relationship between accountability, self-identity, self-efficacy and sense of belongingness and psychological ownership on personal information. We conduct an online-basedsurvey and establish a structural equation model for testing hypothesis. The results show that users' accountability, self-identity and sense of belongingness positively influence to psychological ownership on personal information. Additionally, users' perceived psychological ownership on personal information increase their concern for information privacy. This study suggests a new concept as 'perceived psychological ownership on personal information' to explain for intentions of their psychological possessions toward personal information. The findings of this study can provide a way for how firms have to require clients' personal information with increasing their satisfactions.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.75-97
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• 2012

Knowledge residing in the heads of employees has always been regarded as one of the most critical resources within a firm. However, many tries to facilitate knowledge transfer among employees has been unsuccessful because of the motivational and cognitive problems between the knowledge source and the recipient. Social capital, which is defined as "the sum of the actual and potential resources embedded within, available through, derived from the network of relationships possessed by an individual or social unit [Nahapiet and Ghoshal, 1998]," is suggested to resolve these motivational and cognitive problems of knowledge transfer. In Social capital theory, there are two research streams. One insists that social capital strengthens group solidarity and brings up cooperative behaviors among group members, such as voluntary help to colleagues. Therefore, social capital can motivate an expert to transfer his/her knowledge to a colleague in need without any direct reward. The other stream insists that social capital provides an access to various resources that the owner of social capital doesn't possess directly. In knowledge transfer context, an employee with social capital can access and learn much knowledge from his/her colleagues. Therefore, social capital provides benefits to both the knowledge source and the recipient in different ways. However, prior research on knowledge transfer and social capital is mostly limited to either of the research stream of social capital and covered only the knowledge source's or the knowledge recipient's perspective. Social network theory which focuses on the structural dimension of social capital provides clear explanation about the in-depth mechanisms of social capital's two different benefits. 'Strong tie' builds up identification, trust, and emotional attachment between the knowledge source and the recipient; therefore, it motivates the knowledge source to transfer his/her knowledge to the recipient. On the other hand, 'weak tie' easily expands to 'diverse' knowledge sources because it does not take much effort to manage. Therefore, the real value of 'weak tie' comes from the 'diverse network structure,' not the 'weak tie' itself. It implies that the two different perspectives on strength of ties can co-exist. For example, an extroverted employee can manage many 'strong' ties with 'various' colleagues. In this regards, the individual-level structure of one's relationships as well as the dyadic-level relationship should be considered together to provide a holistic view of social capital. In addition, interaction effect between individual-level characteristics and dyadic-level characteristics can be examined, too. Based on these arguments, this study has following research questions. (1) How does the social capital of the knowledge source and the recipient influence knowledge transfer respectively? (2) How does the strength of ties between the knowledge source and the recipient influence knowledge transfer? (3) How does the social capital of the knowledge source and the recipient influence the effect of the strength of ties between the knowledge source and the recipient on knowledge transfer? Based on Social capital theory and Social network theory, a multi-level research model is developed to consider both the individual-level social capital of the knowledge source and the recipient and the dyadic-level strength of relationship between the knowledge source and the recipient. 'Cross-classified random effect model,' one of the multi-level analysis methods, is adopted to analyze the survey responses from 337 R&D employees. The results of analysis provide several findings. First, among three dimensions of the knowledge source's social capital, network centrality (i.e., structural dimension) shows the significant direct effect on knowledge transfer. On the other hand, the knowledge recipient's network centrality is not influential. Instead, it strengthens the influence of the strength of ties between the knowledge source and the recipient on knowledge transfer. It means that the knowledge source's network centrality does not directly increase knowledge transfer. Instead, by providing access to various knowledge sources, the network centrality provides only the context where the strong tie between the knowledge source and the recipient leads to effective knowledge transfer. In short, network centrality has indirect effect on knowledge transfer from the knowledge recipient's perspective, while it has direct effect from the knowledge source's perspective. This is the most important contribution of this research. In addition, contrary to the research hypothesis, company tenure of the knowledge recipient negatively influences knowledge transfer. It means that experienced employees do not look for new knowledge and stick to their own knowledge. This is also an interesting result. One of the possible reasons is the hierarchical culture of Korea, such as a fear of losing face in front of subordinates. In a research methodology perspective, multi-level analysis adopted in this study seems to be very promising in management research area which has a multi-level data structure, such as employee-team-department-company. In addition, social network analysis is also a promising research approach with an exploding availability of online social network data.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.29
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• pp.1-36
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• 2012

The (2003) by Pixar, by succeeding at box office hit with good criticism, could be the film that made Pixar the most influential animation producer. Especially such character oriented narrative strategy, by raising the degree of characterizing and relationship, could made remarkable achievement as it is called a textbook of characterizing. This study focused on the inherent fear and desire of characters in . The inherent fear and desire were assumed to be the elements that strengthen characterizing and relationship more dynamically. In general, every single choice and behavior of human beings are likely to be depending on fear and desire, it is believed that human's life is dominated by those two elements. In this point, the characterizing of has three big features. It is that (1) it clearly described the fear inherent in characters and the effort to avoid the fear better than any other films of Pixar. (2) it strikingly accords with the interaction of characteristics of fear and desire established by Enneargram personality types. (3) the way of relieving fear of the main characters (Marlin and Nemo), as a unique feature of rescue and escape plot in which two characters are being apart, is not by interaction of characteristics of two main characters but is by characterizing the spiritual value supplementary to the deficiency of main character as sub character (Dory and Gill). In the previous study, , characterizing of panda 'Poe' is too outstanding and this fact is working as paradoxical limitation. On the other hand, set up of fear and desire of two main characters, Poe and Shifu and dynamics of characteristics are very delicate and effective. On the other hand, in the , in the course of settling down the conflicts between two main characters, father and son, it shows fresh and firm narrative structure with various characters and sub plots. However, though the degree of described fear and desire of main characters are very outstanding, it still reveals it limitation that the course of settlement is somewhat dependent. In conclusion, this study is considered to be another approach to animation characterizing, and also hopefully can be helpful in characterization and setting up relationships in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.40-50
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• 2016

The objective of this study is to suggest basic data for establishing future urban agriculture vitalization policies, by analyzing the preference of urban agriculture types in accordance with lifestyle as the standard of living for urban residents is improved. A survey was conducted targeting residents of nine autonomous regions that have established grounds for supporting the urban agriculture vitalization by enacting an urban agriculture ordinance, among 25 autonomous regions of Seoul. It aimed to verify a causal relationship between lifestyle and preferred activity of urban agriculture. In the results of the study first, a 'Health pursuit-type' was significant within the 'urban type' urban agriculture. These urban residents, pursuing safe food and health, actively participated in urban agriculture educational programs, and also preferred urban agricultural activities such as planting plants, landscape crops for the improvement of natural scenery in the downtown, and also participating in urban agriculture fairs. Second, 'Leisure activity-type' was significant with the 'House advantage type' urban agriculture. Urban residents mostly emphasizing hobby and leisure activities preferred the 'House advantage type' urban agricultural activities such as tending a vegetable garden in indoor life or using the veranda space of an apartment. Third, 'Health pursuit-type' was significant with the 'Schooling type' urban agriculture and 'Farm and Park type' urban agriculture. Urban residents pursuing health preferred tending an educational-type vegetable garden and educational farm connected to schools, running private farms outside of the downtown, and actively participating in urban agriculture park. Fourth, 'The neighborhood type' was significant with the 'Schooling type' urban agriculture. 'The neighborhood type' urban residents preferred actively participating in diverse urban agriculture education activities. The significance of this study is to examine the tendency and preferred activities of end users of urban agriculture by suggesting the necessity of viewing urban agriculture from the aspect of a consumer, and then examining the influential relationship between lifestyle and preference of urban agriculture-types.