• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2007

추출에 의해 얻어진 천연염료로 염색한 착색 밤나무재의 변색방지를 위하여 래커 마감도장시편는 500 lux의 실내광 및 50,000~70,000 lux의 실외광 수준의 광변색, 내산성, 내알칼리성, 내열성 영향을 시편의 색차로 측정하였다. 모든 변색실험에서 래커 마감처리 한 시편이 빛, 산, 알칼리, 온도 등에 기인한 변색방지에 효과를 나타내는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 염액의 pH가 알칼리로 짙어질수록 천연염색 가구재의 광변색을 경감시키는데 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.6-12
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 상대적으로 바람이 강한 제주지역에서 바람의 영향이 고층건축물의 굴뚝효과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 분석하기 위해 서울소재 고층건축물을 대상으로 서울과 제주지역에서의 지형 및 기상조건을 각각 대입하여 CONTAM 모델링을 실시하였다. 굴뚝효과에 의한 차압은 수직샤프트의 높이와 실내 외 온도차의 함수로서 같은 높이의 건축물에서는 겨울철 서울보다 상대적으로 외기온도가 따뜻한 제주지역에서의 차압이 서울지역의 60% 정도에 그쳐 비교적 안정적인 것으로 판단되어 왔다. 그러나 제주도는 섬지역으로서 서울보다 강한 바람의 영향에 의해 중성면이 56% 이상 큰 폭으로 상승하는 현상을 보였는데, 이는 비록 제주지역이 서울보다 굴뚝효과에 의한 차압은 적게 나타날지라도 상승된 중성면에 의해 저층부에서 형성되는 부압의 영역이나 크기는 넓고 크게 나타나 위험성이 상대적으로 높은 것으로 판단되었다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.325-330
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• 2016

This study was conducted to develop a heating system for a fuel cell-driven electric vehicle. The system consists of a compressor, an expansion device and three heat exchangers. A conventional air source heat exchanger is used as primary heat exchanger of the system, and an additional water source heat exchanger is used as a pre-heater to supply heat to the upstream air of the primary heat exchanger. On the other hand, the third heat exchanger consists of a water-to-refrigerant heat exchanger. The heat source of the pre-heater and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger is the waste heat from the fuel cell's stack. In the experiment, the indoor and the outdoor air temperature were fixed, and the compressor speed, EEV opening and waste heat temperature were varied. The results indicate that the $COP_h$ of the proposed system is 3.01 when the system is operating at a 1,200 rpm compressor speed, 50% EEV opening, and $50^{\circ}C$ waste heat source temperature in air pre-heater operation. However, when the system uses a water-refrigerant heat exchanger, the $COP_h$ increases to up to 9.42 at the same compressor speed and waste heat source temperature with 75% EEV openings.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2022

Pathogens such as feline herpesvirus, feline calicivirus, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Chlamydia felis, Mycoplasma felis and Pasteurella multocida usually cause feline upper respiratory tract disease (URTD). Real-time PCR was used to analyze the detection and prevalence of the most common respiratory pathogens in cats with (n=69) and without respiratory signs (n=31). Pathogens were detected in 53 cats, divided into 37 (69.8%) with a single pathogen, 15 (28.3%) with two pathogens, and 1 (1.9%) with three pathogens. M. felis had the highest detection rate in 29 (42.0%) cats, P. multocida was detected in 18 (26.1%), FHV in 10 (14.5%), FCV in 7 (10.1%), B. bronchiseptica in 3 (4.3%), and C. felis in 2 (2.9%). M. felis was the most frequently detected pathogen in cats living outdoors without vaccination. Of the 37 cats infected with single pathogen, nasal discharge was observed in 13 (35.1%), ocular signs in 6 (16.2%), drooling in 5 (13.5%), dyspnea in 3 (8.1%), and asymptomatic in 10 (27.0%). In 51 outdoor and 49 indoor cats, pathogens were detected in 35 (68.6%) and 18 (36.7%) cats, respectively. Of the 29 cats infected with M. felis, 22 (75.9%) showed respiratory signs, and 7 (24.1%) were healthy. In the age of the 53 positive cats, 10 (18.9%) were under the age of 1 year, 26 (49.1%) were aged 1~3 years, and 17 (32.1%) were aged 3 years or older. Although the number of cats in the study was small, the results can provide valuable data on the prevalence of URTD in Korean cats.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권7호
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• pp.2447-2453
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• 2023

The radioactivity concentrations of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) i.e., ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴K in various chemical fertilizers being used in the agricultural soil of Pakistan were determined utilizing gamma spectrometry by employing a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector. The radioactivity concentrations of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴K extended from 2.58 ± 0.8-265.7 ± 8.8 Bq kg^-1, 1.53 ± 0.14-76.6 ± 1.07 Bq kg^-1 and 36.5 ± 1.34-15606.7 ± 30.2 Bq kg^-1 respectively. The radiological hazard parameters such as internal and external indices and annual effective dose rates were calculated, while excessive lifetime cancer risk factors for the indoor and outdoor areas were found in the range from 0.3×10^-3 to 10.723×10^-3 and 0.03×10^-3 to 2.7948×10^-3 of most fertilizers, however, some values were slightly higher than the UNSCEAR (The United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation) recommended values for potash-containing fertilizers such as MOP (Muriate of Potash).

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2013

본 논문은 1990년대~2011년 시공 중이었던 건축물의 커튼월의 단열성을 평가하기 위하여 내외 표면 온도를 측정하여 부위별 온도 차이를 분석하였다. 유리면이나 단열층이 있는 표면보다 커튼월의 프레임 (멀리온 및 트랜섬)의 온도는 동절기 외부 평면의 경우 $6^{\circ}C{\sim}10^{\circ}C$ 정도 높게 나타났다. 또한, 같은 프레임에서도 앵커유닛이 있는 부위가 다른 프레임보다 $2^{\circ}C{\sim}3^{\circ}C$ 더 높게 나타나 보다 큰 열 손실이 일어나고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.549-561
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• 2015

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the job stress factors of mobile communication network construction workers using survey based on 'Job stress factors evaluation tool for Koreans' that was developed by KOSHA in 2003. Background: Due to the rapid growth of penetration rate of smartphone, the necessity of LTE service changing from 3G network was brought up. The demand of LTE network construction in a short period of time leads to the aggravation of the job stress of mobile communication network construction workers. Method: Two hundred and fifty workers who were in the mobile communication network industry participated in this study, and among them 206 responses were analyzed for this study due to the unreliability and insincerity of responses. The eight job stress factors which are physical environment, job demand, job autonomy, relation conflict, job instability, organizational system, inadequate compensation, workplace culture were analyzed. Results: The job stress factors of mobile communication network construction workers were compared to those of other industry workers, and other work related characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that the stress level of a physical environment and job requirement were relatively higher than those of manufacturing industry workers, meaning that mobile communication network construction workers have rough working conditions and increased amount of work due to the demand of LTE network construction. The stress level of physical environment for outdoor job workers was relatively higher than that of indoor job workers. With the analytical result for level of job satisfaction, significant difference was observed (p <0.05) with every factor, and the job stress was found the highest with those not satisfied with every factor Conclusion: From the results of this study, the work loss due to the job stress could be prevented, and accurate stress factors could be removed at the workplace. Application: The results of this study may not represent the whole mobile network construction workers, the effort for job stress management is needed to improve the work efficiency and the workers' quality of life.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.47-65
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to study and propose playground facilities for physically challenged children to cultivate adaptability in society and advances the opportunity of participate in physical exercise. This study carried out site investigations by visiting and inspecting various facilities: a recreational walking path for physically challenged people, a care facility for physically challenged children, a special school for physically challenged children, and "Madel Park", a private-use playground for physically challenged children. The result of the site investigation found that, overall, play facilities are difficult to use for physically challenged children. In addition, because park space is often small and narrow, children who are restricted to wheelchairs find it impossible to access such facilities. By carefully inspecting each of the facilities, the author found suitable elements to apply for outside play space. These elements include the introduction of an essential slope way to allow for safe movement, the provision of special seats which support the body to outside play equipment and the adaptation of treatment room instruments that assist balance to outdoor playground facilities. On the basis of the site investigation the interview and the indoor education program for physically challenged children the author completed an outside play program. Each item in this program was classified as belonging to either a "sense play" program or and "exercise play" program. Finally, the author designed suitable play equipment for physically challenged children corresponding to each item in the exercise programs in order to research the appropriateness of the equipment to its intended use. This research is the first step. From this point the author expects that specific applications will be developed through a practical space plan and sufficient clinical experiments involving use of the new equipment.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.691-697
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 UWB 통신 시스템에 적합한 안테나를 제안하였으며, 특정 구간에서 위치 인식에 적합한 특성을 만족하였다. 제안된 테이퍼드 슬롯 안테나는 Ansys사의 HFSS 시뮬레이션 툴을 통하여 최적화 설계되었으며, 유전율 4.5, 손실 탄젠트 0.0035, 두께 1.62 mm를 갖는 Taconic TRF-45 기판으로 제작되었다. 테이퍼드 슬롯 안테나는 주파수 영역에서의 반사계수 및 정재파비, 방사패턴 등을 분석하였다. 제작된 테이퍼드 슬롯 안테나의 임피던스 대역폭은 3.8 ~ 8.9 GHz 대역에서 5.1 GHz 대역폭을 보였으며, 안테나의 E-평면과 H-평면에서 방사패턴은 특정 구간에서 실내 외 위치 인식에 적합한 지향성의 특성을 만족하였다. 안테나 이득은 시뮬레이션에서 6 GHz 대역에서 7.4 dBi이며, 측정 결과는 6 GHz 대역에서 7.6 dBi의 최대 이득을 보인다. 제안된 테이퍼드 슬롯 안테나는 시뮬레이션과 측정 결과는 다소 차이가 있지만 UWB 통신 시스템의 규정을 만족하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.209-219
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• 1981

To evaluate long-term metabolic response of free-living Korean subjects consuming local sources adequately or slightly below habitual intake. Subjects, six male medical students aged 23-25 years were free-living, but consumed diets in the metabolic unit. They were healthy as determined from medical laborarory tests. They belong to the Korean middle-class. Temperature of outdoor during study were ranged between -2 to $26^{\circ}C$, whereas the indoor were $18-22^{\circ}C$. Animal protein ranged between 25-30% of total calorie. The three meals and a vitamin supplement to meet recommendation were given daily. Three 50day periods following the design were used to test the protein-energy adequacy of the diet. Urinary nitrogen excretion was measured daily. Fecal samples were pooled for the last 5 days of each week. Nitrogen balance was computed using 5mg N/Kg skin and miscellaneous losses. Body weight was measured daily. The study was covered on 126 metabolic observations weekly. Body weight changes were relatively stable with the energy intake of 37-44Kca1/kg, and N-balances were also relatively stable, but it was influenced by physical and or mental stress somehow. It could be assumed that the mean protein and energy requirement were $190{\pm}10mg$ N/Kg with $41{\pm}2$ Kcal/kg, and the mean digestibility of protein was 81% on these subjects with the experimental conditions. The protein requirement, however, could be cut down somewhat with some limited increaing of energy intake under parameters of N-balance and maintaining body weight. It was also observed a tendency of the requirement were getting smaller with the increase of body size.