• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.397-410
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• 2000

Skeletal class III had been classified by the position of the maxilla, the mandible, the maxillary alveolus, the mandibular alveolus and vertical development. This morphologic approach is simple and useful for clinical use, but it is insufficient to permit understanding of the pathophysiology of dysmorphoses. The author hypothesizes that there are different patterns of mutual relation of the skeletal components which have contributed pathologic equilibrium of skeletal class III. The purpose of this study are threefold: 1) to classify skeletal class III in subgroups, which can show the architectural characteristics of the deformity, 2) to analyse the craniofacial architecture of each subgroup on etio-pathogenic basis, and 3) to characterize and visualize the pattern as a prototype. Materials used in this study were lateral cephalograms of 106 skeletal class III adults, which were analysed with modified Delaire's architectural and structural analysis. Linear and angular measurements of the individual subject were obtained and cluster analysis was used for the subgrouping. Data were evaluated for verification of the statistical significances. The following results were obtained. 1. By the modified Delaire's architectural and structural analysis and cluster analysis, skeletal class III adults were classified into 7 clusters and presented as prototypes, which could show the pathophysiology of the skeletal architecture 2. There was significant relationship in measurement variables of each cluster, which could reflect characteristics of the skeletal pattern of growth. 3. The flexure of cranial base had a close relationship to the anterior rotational growth of the maxilla and contributes to understand the etio-pathology of skeletal class III. 4. The proportion of craniospinal area in cranial depth, craniocervical angle and vertical position of point Om had a close relationship to rotational growth of the mandible and direction of condylar growth. They contribute to understand the etio-pathology of skeletal class III. In summary, the cranium and the craniocervical area must be considered in diagnosis and treatment planning of dentofacial deformity. And the occlusal plane can be considered as a representative which shows the mutual relationships of the skeletal components.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.87-92
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• 2017

This paper discusses the possibility of enhancing the efficiency in Second Language Learning with the help of an educational information and content search system that utilizes a Cloud system based Big Data. The proposed system plays a role in tracing the exact information that user request considering the interest, level, and aptitude of each individual. Also, the system screen outs unnecessary learning materials if they do not correspond to the user level which in result is one of the key factor in the proposed system. Since it requires multiple steps of verification in providing the extracted results finding out a way to reduce the steps to shorten the time of process.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.123-134
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• 2005

A coupled three-dimensional pile group analysis method (YSGroup) was developed considering nonlinear pile head stiffness matrices and compared with other analytical methods (elastic displacement method, Group 6.0 and FBPier 3.0). In this method, a pile cap was modelled by four-node flat shell element, a pier was modelled using 3 dimensional beam element, and individual piles were modelled as beam-column elements. Through the comparative studies on a piled pie. subjected to lateral loads in linear soil, it was found that present method (YSGroup), elastic displacement method and Group 6.0 gave similar results of lateral pile head displacement, but FBPier 3.0 was estimated to show somewhat larger displacements than those from the three methods. Displacements of superstructure (pier), including nonlinear soil behavior, could be estimated by present method (YSGroup) and FBPier 3.0 because these two methods modelled the superstructure directly by finite element techniques. It was found that pile groups in pinned pile head condition had a tendency to cause excessive rotation of the pile cap.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.363-372
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• 2020

Objective: To develop a standardized instrument to measure the level of cognition for orthodontic treatment in adults, and verify its reliability and validity for assessing perceptions of orthodontic treatment in adults. Methods: A total of 406 adults aged 19-64 years were surveyed by an internet research system. A tool was developed through the instrument development and verification stages. The data were analyzed by correlation analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and Cronbach's α test. Results: The instrument consisted of 11 items covering four factors related to orthodontic treatment. Three items were related to general perception, four described the perception of the treatment for adults, two related to the treatment effects, and two related to the retention of orthodontic treatment. In the reliability test, Cronbach's α was 0.845 for the 11 items. In assessments for individual components, Cronbach's α was 0.764 for the general perception of orthodontic treatment, 0.705 for the perception of this treatment for adults, 0.707 for the effects of the treatment, and 0.701 for the retention of orthodontic treatment. Finally, a measurement instrument for the perception of orthodontic treatment in adults was designed to assess the 11 items on a four-point Likert scale. Conclusions: This study developed a standard measurement instrument for assessing the perception of orthodontic treatment in adults. The proposed instrument will enable additional studies on the influence of an adult's perception of orthodontic treatment on the decision to undergo treatment.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.15-29
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• 2015

Social and cultural impact of postmodernism in the seek for diversity and to respect the individual's personality and character was the center of human-centered thinking. This also affects the design area, as well as architecture, interior design. It is because of interactive interior design that reflects the lives and relationships with people. Thus, in modern society, people to meet the diverse needs have created a third space. Today's commercial space in the flow to a variety of users and is trying to provide comfort. To go to stores often offer lifestyle and proceeding to the next stage of life. Space for the creative force is trying to become getting better space. Collaboration is refer to phenomenon that two or more objects meet to collaborate. Collaboration is can be classified of space, art, low/high, high concept and star collaboration. And this study has been studied mainly collaboration. Space collaboration is can be classified of experiential, the third space, brand passes and landmark. Space collaboration elements rearranged to the standards of interior design theory, analysis, and marketing of space, commercial space, with previous studies of the spatial elements were extracted. The purpose of this study in the field of interior design space analysis method for the verification of collaboration theory is that to develop. Thus, the space collaboration has been developed to fit the field of interior design, and commercial interior spaces will be helpful for applying.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

Objective : This study was a covariance structural analysis to identify korean medicine health promotion behavior by the general characteristics of the subjects and build a predictive model and theoretical framework based on Pender's health promotion model(1996) and related literature reviews. Method : A hypothetical model was consisted of 8 theoretical variables and 27 measured variables. Related variables included Individual Characteristics and Experience, Behavior-specific cognitions and affect and Behavioral outcome. The data was collected from 802 middle and old-aged people living in Seoul and Gyeong gi province through structured questionnaires by face to face interviews between February and March, 2014. SAS ver. 9.1 and AMOS 18.0 programs were used for the data analysis. Results : Difference in the verification of Korean medicine health promotion behavior by the general characteristics, Older people who are male, with higher economic status, no chronic disease or with diabetes, no smoking, no drinking, with more exercise showed significantly higher scores, but education level has no difference. 15 paths were statistically significant among 16 paths on the direct effect, 6 paths were statistically significant among 9 paths on the indirect effect in the hypothetical model. The greatest impact variable on Korean medicine health promotion behavior was perceived self-esteem. Also, the findings showed that the higher perceived social support, perceived health status, previous Korean medicine health promotion behavior, community environment, perceived benefit and the lower perceived barrier had a significant effect on Korean medicine health promotion behavior. Conclusion : This research model has an empirical validity as the variables of this study verified their effects and significances. Therefore, the understanding of Korean medicine health promotion behavior can be increased and the utilization will be higher when seeking a comprehensive health promotion plan. Also, a strategy can be utilized the strategy for Korean medicine health promotion behavior.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.388-399
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• 2009

This study is to analyze the views on leisure of security agents. As the subject of this study, the security agents holding office in the capital area in 2008 were selected and total 333 samples are drawn among them by using judgement sampling method. The validity of the questionnaire was verified through an expert group meeting. The statistical method is $x^2$ verification(Chi-Square Tests) using SPSSWIN 16.0. Following results are from the methods mentioned above. First, most of the security agents consider leisure as “rest" and they need it for “stress release". About the importance of work and leisure, the security agents mostly think “both work and leisure are important" and they regard leisure as a “very important" matter for an individual. Second, main leisure activities of the security agents are principally “social activities", while the frequency is “2 or 3 times a month", the time is “1-2 hours", and the period is “4-7 years" in general.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.747-755
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors on behavioral intention in u-health system using Health Promotion Model(HPM) by Pender [11]. This study used PLS-SEM(Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling) method for verification of the proposed model and conducted the analysis with sample data of 216 respondents. As a result of the analysis, a path from individual experience to personal health and also, path from self-efficacy to behavioral intention had the highest influence in the research model. Also, it was confirmed that the only factor that affect health promotion behavior was 'self-efficacy' variable in u-health system. However, in the future time, additional research is needed in that this study has small sample data and needs more clear definition on u-health system.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.25-31
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• 2012

The SSE-CMM model is how to verify the level of information protection as a process-centric information security products, systems and services to develop the ability to assess the organization's development. The CMM is a model for software developers the ability to assess the development of the entire organization, improving the model's maturity level measuring. However, this method of security engineering process improvement and the ability to asses s the individual rather than organizational level to evaluate the ability of the processes are stopped. In this research project based on their existing research information from the technical point of view is to define the maturity level of protection. How to diagnose an information security vulnerabilities, technical security system, verification, and implementation of technical security shall consist of diagnostic status. The proposed methodology, the scope of the work place and the current state of information systems at the level of vulnerability, status, information protection are implemented to assess the level of satisfaction and function. It is possible that measures to improve information security evaluation based on established reference model as a basis for improving information security by utilizing leverage.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.524-531
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• 2012

Categorization is an important human function used to process different stimuli. It is also one of the most important factors affecting measurement of a person's classification ability. Explicit categorization, the representative system by which categorization ability is measured, can verbally describe the categorization rule. The purpose of this study was to develop a prediction model for categorization ability as it relates to the classification process of living organisms using fMRI. Fifty-five participants were divided into two groups: a model generation group, comprised of twenty-seven subjects, and a model verification group, made up of twenty-eight subjects. During prediction model generation, functional connectivity was used to analyze temporal correlations between brain activation regions. A classification ability quotient (CQ) was calculated to identify the verbal categorization ability distribution of each subject. Additionally, the connectivity coefficient (CC) was calculated to quantify the functional connectivity for each subject. Hence, it was possible to generate a prediction model through regression analysis based on participants' CQ and CC values. The resultant categorization ability regression model predictor was statistically significant; however, researchers proceeded to verify its predictive ability power. In order to verify the predictive power of the developed regression model, researchers used the regression model and subjects' CC values to predict CQ values for twenty-eight subjects. Correlation between the predicted CQ values and the observed CQ values was confirmed. Results of this study suggested that explicit categorization ability differs at the brain network level of individuals. Also, the finding suggested that differences in functional connectivity between individuals reflect differences in categorization ability. Last, researchers have provided a new method for predicting an individual's categorization ability by measuring brain activation.