• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.161-174
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• 2006

This study examined different individual and parental factors that affect children's achievement motivation. For an analysis, perceived competence, intrinsic locus of control were included in individual variables. For parental variables, parental support and achievement pressure and marital conflict were examined. The sample consisted of 561 fifth and sixth grade children. Statistics and methods used for the data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, Factor analysis, frequency, percentage, Pearson's correlation, and Hierarchical Regression. Several major results were found from the analysis. First, girl's achievement motivation was higher than boys. No age difference was found between fifth and sixth grade. Second, boy's and girl's achievement motivation had a positive correlation with perceived competence, intrinsic locus of control, parental support and achievement pressure but a negative correlation with parental marital conflict. Third, important variables predicting boy's and girl's achievement motivation were perceived academic competence, parental achievement pressure and perceived social competence. Important variables predicting boy's individual and social oriented achievement motivation were perceived academic competence and parental achievement pressure. On the other hand, important variables predicting girl's individual oriented achievement motivation were perceived social competence, perceived academic competence, intrinsic locus of control and parental achievement pressure. Important variables predicting girl's social oriented achievement motivation were parental achievement pressure, perceived academic competence and mother's support.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2012

Virtual project organization may be recognized as one of the promising business models in which many knowledge sources externalize through cross boundaries of knowledge-based organizations. This paper proposes a knowledge competence evaluation of virtual project organization based on the following perspectives: 1) Individual knowledge perspective, 2) Activity-oriented knowledge perspective, and 3) Knowledge-driven social network perspective. In the framework, individual knowledge competence having experienced or learned from knowledge-based activities and virtual networks in the project, should be evaluated according to the assumption that knowledge and collaboration competence depends on the activities and networks acquired proportionally by the past participation to projects. An illustrative SI example is given in order to validate the proposed evaluation and computing procedure.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.39-69
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• 2012

With the advent of communication technologies including electronic collaborative tools and conferencing systems provided over the Internet, virtual collaboration is becoming increasingly common in organizations. Virtual collaboration refers to an environment in which the people working together are interdependent in their tasks, share responsibility for outcomes, are geographically dispersed, and rely on mediated rather than face-to face, communication to produce an outcome. Research suggests that new sets of individual skill, knowledge, and ability (SKAs) are required to perform effectively in today's virtualized workplace, which is labeled as individual virtual competence. It is also argued that use of online social networking sites may influence not only individuals' daily lives but also their capability to manage their work-related relationships in organizations, which in turn leads to better performance. The existing research regarding (1) the relationship between virtual competence and task performance and (2) the relationship between online networking and task performance has been conducted based on different theoretical perspectives so that little is known about how online social networking and virtual competence interplay to predict individuals' task performance. To fill this gap, this study raises the following research questions: (1) What is the individual virtual competence required for better adjustment to the virtual collaboration environment? (2) How does online networking via diverse social network service sites influence individuals' task performance in organizations? (3) How do the joint effects of individual virtual competence and online networking influence task performance? To address these research questions, we first draw on the prior literature and derive four dimensions of individual virtual competence that are related with an individual's self-concept, knowledge and ability. Computer self-efficacy is defined as the extent to which an individual beliefs in his or her ability to use computer technology broadly. Remotework self-efficacy is defined as the extent to which an individual beliefs in his or her ability to work and perform joint tasks with others in virtual settings. Virtual media skill is defined as the degree of confidence of individuals to function in their work role without face-to-face interactions. Virtual social skill is an individual's skill level in using technologies to communicate in virtual settings to their full potential. It should be noted that the concept of virtual social skill is different from the self-efficacy and captures an individual's cognition-based ability to build social relationships with others in virtual settings. Next, we discuss how online networking influences both individual virtual competence and task performance based on the social network theory and the social learning theory. We argue that online networking may enhance individuals' capability in expanding their social networks with low costs. We also argue that online networking may enable individuals to learn the necessary skills regarding how they use technological functions, communicate with others, and share information and make social relations using the technical functions provided by electronic media, consequently increasing individual virtual competence. To examine the relationships among online networking, virtual competence, and task performance, we developed research models (the mediation, interaction, and additive models, respectively) by integrating the social network theory and the social learning theory. Using data from 112 employees of a virtualized company, we tested the proposed research models. The results of analysis partly support the mediation model in that online social networking positively influences individuals' computer self-efficacy, virtual social skill, and virtual media skill, which are key predictors of individuals' task performance. Furthermore, the results of the analysis partly support the interaction model in that the level of remotework self-efficacy moderates the relationship between online social networking and task performance. The results paint a picture of people adjusting to virtual collaboration that constrains and enables their task performance. This study contributes to research and practice. First, we suggest a shift of research focus to the individual level when examining virtual phenomena and theorize that online social networking can enhance individual virtual competence in some aspects. Second, we replicate and advance the prior competence literature by linking each component of virtual competence and objective task performance. The results of this study provide useful insights into how human resource responsibilities assess employees' weakness and strength when they organize virtualized groups or projects. Furthermore, it provides managers with insights into the kinds of development or training programs that they can engage in with their employees to advance their ability to undertake virtual work.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.375-386
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• 2019

기술개발 프로젝트에서 성과를 높이기 위해서는 창의성이 필요하며, 창의성을 높이기 위해서는 업무지시에 대한 명확한 이해력이 필요하다. 본 연구는 팀효능감과 지식공유가 커뮤니케이션 역량에 미치는 영향과, 커뮤니케이션 역량이 개인창의성 및 제품개발성과에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 기술개발 프로젝트에서 커뮤니케이션 역량과 개인창의성의 중요성을 검증하고, 커뮤니케이션 역량에 대한 향상 방안을 제언하기 위함이다. 기술 개발 참여자들을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 요인간의 관계를 구조방정식 모형으로 확인하였다. 가설검증 결과, 팀효능감과 지식공유가 커뮤니케이션 역량에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤고, 팀리더의 확실한 업무지시 전달과 실무자의 명확한 업무지시 이해가 개인창의성에 주요한 요인임을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구결과는 첨단기술이 융복합되는 기술개발 프로젝트에서, 개인창의성 향상에 필요한 참여자의 커뮤니케이션 역량을 제고하는데 기여할 수 있을 것이다. 향후에는 조직 수준의 창의성에 대한 커뮤니케이션 역량의 효과에 대해 연구하고자 한다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.833-845
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• 2004

This study examines different individual and environmental factors that affect children's self-control. For an analysis, locus of control, perceived competence, and achievement motivation were all included in individual variables. For family variables, mothers' parenting and patents' marriage conflict were examined. For classroom psycho-social environment, teacher support, peer relationship, class involvement, and teachers' supervision were used. The sample consisted of 548 fifth and sixth grade children. Statistics and methods used for the data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, frequency, percentage, Pearson's correlation, and Hierarchical Regression. Several major results were found from the analysis: First, locus of control, perceived competence, and achievement motivation had a positive correlation with children's self-control. Second, mothers' affective parenting had a positive correlation with children's self-control. However, mothers' controlling parenting and parents' marriage conflict had a negative correlation with it. Third, teacher support, peer relationship, and class involvement had a positive correlation with children's self-control. In addition, teacher supervision had a positive correlation with girls' self-control. Fourth, class involvement, locus of control, and academic competence were important variables predicting boys' self-control. On the other hand, Class involvement, achievement motivation, academic competence, teacher's supervision, and mothers' controlling parenting were important variables predicting girl's self-control.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2008

The purpose of this research was to identify the importance of social competence in early childhood, age 3 to 5, by examining the relationship between the children's variables such as gender, age, and temperament, with that of their mothers' emotionality, and the social competence. 72 children in the early childhood age bracket were surveyed. Three major findings were established. Firstly, there were no gender differences in relation to social competence. Children's adaptability and social activity were related to their pro-social behavior and the ability to internalize/externalize problems. Secondly, children exhibited pro-social behavior only when their mother's emotional reactivity was positive. hirdly, children's social competence was influenced by individual variables and their mothers' emotionality. Prosocial behavior, a lower ranking domain, was influenced by children's adaptability and mothers' emotional reactivity. The children's ability to internalize problem was influenced by adaptability. In contrast, The ability to externalize problem was influenced by the range of activities they were involved in. Overall, children's social competence was influenced by their age.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2018

This study is aims to voluntary participation in rural development projects, voluntary participation by analyzing the individual competence factors, how the what and how much influence affect the continued involvement and participation as a concept of strengthening community capacity the plan for it to present. The results of survey, through factor analysis and reliability analysis for extracting the components of individual competence areas and life satisfaction, self acting capacity, was extracted with recognized competence, was the factor analysis and reliability analysis for ongoing involvement and participation. Personal competence was a multiple regression analysis, the participation of three elements as independent variables as dependent variables to evaluate the impact of continuing involvement, and the resulting Regional and life satisfaction (${\beta}=0.301$) have the greatest impact It showed. In addition, regional analysis and life satisfaction (${\beta}=0.247$) on the impact of enlargement on the individual capabilities showed the highest participation. The elements of local life satisfaction and personal competencies exerts the greatest influence on the continued involvement and participation in the study was obtained. It based on the results in rural development for the voluntary participation and participation of the population should be considered with a plan to enhance the regional and life satisfaction, "the software business, which is carried out in rural areas developed for them by local residents the measures to increase life satisfaction will be provided.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제27호
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• pp.81-105
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• 2011

최근 민간경비조직의 양적팽창과 더불어 과제로 떠오른 것이 민간경비원 개개인의 자질 향상이다. 특히, 이와 관련되어 민간경비원의 업무능력은 개인의 기술이나 지식을 바탕으로 업무를 수행해 나갈 수 있다는 자신의 능력에 대한 믿음으로 민간경비조직의 발달에 있어서 필수적인 요소이다. 이처럼 업무능력의 중요성에도 불구하고 이와 관련된 연구는 극히 드문 실정이다. 따라서 이 연구는 선행연구를 통하여 업무능력에 영향을 미치는 변인을 확인하고 이를 토대로 민간경비원의 업무능력에 미치는 변인을 설정하여 민간경비원의 업무능력과의 관계를 검증하고자 하였다. 연구결과, 개인특성으로 투입된 성취욕구와 자아존중감 가운데 자아존중감이 민간경비원의 업무능력에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(${\beta}$=0.298, p<.01). 즉 민간경비원의 자아존중감이 높을수록 업무능력이 높다는 것을 알 수 있다. 민간경비원의 동료 및 상사와의 관계는 모두 업무능력에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 거래적 리더십 가운데에서는 조건적 보상이 민간경비원의 업무능력에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(${\beta}$=0.343 p<.05). 즉 리더의 조건적 보상의 수준이 높을수록 민간경비원의 업무능력 수준이 높다는 것을 의미한다. 마지막으로 변혁적 리더십 가운데에서는 개별적 배려가 민간경비원의 업무능력에 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다(${\beta}$=0.564, p<.01).

• 아동학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.17-34
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• 2010

This study was aimed to at examining whether the effects of cooperative learning on children's social competence and self-esteem would be different in terms of young children's intellectual ability. To this end, a total of 64 five-year-old children attending two kindergartens in Kyunggi-Do were selected to participated in this study. Each child was tested on the short form of K-WPPSI and fell into one of two levels (high or low). The children in the experimental group took part in thirty-five 30~40 minute sessions of cooperative learning, while the control group engaged in individual learning. The results were as follows : First, children who participated in cooperative learning achieved higher improvements in social competence and self-esteem than children engaged solely in individual learning. Second, there were no any significant differences in improvement in terms of social competence and self-esteem between the high and the low intelligence levels. On the basis of these results, it could be concluded that cooperative learning had a number positive effects upon the levels of young children's social competence and self-esteem.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제56권1호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to explain the long term growth and development of elementary teachers' Professional Learning Communities(PLC) about mathematics implemented on an institutional basis. Especially, it is meaningful to analyze and present the development process and characteristics of PLC, which was started by the basis on the collaboration of a National University of Education and its affiliated elementary school. In this study, PLC activities during three years were analyzed according to the capacities and dimensions of a professional learning community. The developmental capacity of the PLC analyzed in this study can be summarized as follows. In the first year, development of organizational competence in terms of capacity, resources, structure, and system of exchanges was the main factor in personal competence, and the development of individual competence began to share collective learning and practice. In the second year, personal exchanges were active in all the topics of activities, and personal level competence was activated such that more activities of critical knowledge formation were performed on an individual level. On the basis of the development of the individual level formed in the second, individual competence and organizational capacity developed. Factors that have influenced the development of capacities of PLC include: disclosure of activities outside the community, participation in outsiders, provision of procedures to share equal participation and leadership, voluntary and critical participation of teachers, improvement of mathematics teaching methods, sharing themes and visions.