• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.81-93
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• 1994

The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in individuals and family characteristics between general and vocational high school female students, and the impacts of the characteristics on the their occupational outlook. The number of 792 female students in 4 general and 5 vocational high schools in Chongju area were sampled during September 6-10, 1993. There are more differences in family characteristics rather than individual characteristics between two types of high school female students. Both family and individual characteristics influence the occupational outlooks of the respondents. Therefore, the types of school affect their occupational outlooks. Over 50% of vocational students want to have a junior college education.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.87-96
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze which factors affect safety awareness of foreign workers and international students. In the correlation analysis, individual characteristics related to the safety awareness of foreign workers were nationality, status of stay(visa types), place of work, educational background, and Korean proficiency while international students were relevant with only the types of residence. There were significant differences in the safety awareness of foreign workers in nationality, status of stay(visa types), region of residence, educational background, place of work, and Korean proficiency. However, there was a significant difference only in the types of residence for the international students. In the regression analysis of factors affecting safety awareness, there were significant differences in nationality, status of stay(visa types), place of work, and Korean proficiency in the case of foreign workers. It was analyzed that nationality and status of stay had a negative (-) effect, and the place of work and Korean proficiency had a positive (+) effect. In the case of international students, it was analyzed that only the types of residence had a negative (-) effect on safety awareness.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.70-83
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• 2004

The female image has been changed incessantly with age and has been eminently represented in cosmetic advertisement. The female images are changed from the classical images to the active and professional images with the historical current of cyber, digital, and fusion. These changes in the expression of female image are largely due to the spread of post-modernism, feminism, de-construction (Kim, 1994), digital information revolution, and increase of income. The female images in cosmetic advertisement have been expressed very variously with fashion, marketing target, and characteristics of articles. (Im, 1997) The cosmetic advertisements of pure and graceful images were popular in the past. But nowadays individual image, womanly image, and unchanged beautiful image are in vogue. Individual image is very popular in young generation with very short fashion period. Active career woman image represents passion and beauty with extension of women' social roles. Unchanged beautiful image in modern industrial pollution stands for the desire of keeping the beauty in youth. Brand is very important factor to consumers in purchasing. Brand is no larger the simple concept in the past, and accepted as reflection of the image, social status, service, and life-style(Lee, 1998) consumers are very favorable to foreign cosmetics with the increase of overseas travels and import. This phenomenon is considered as very natural, especially in young generation. To create a successful brand image, the harmony of quality, psychological preference, advertisement, and reasonable price are required. According to the questionnaire research implemented by the subject of college women students in five universities in Seoul, the majority of college women students purchase domestic cosmetic brands in cosmetic specialty stores and depend on the tips of acquaintances. Quality, skin-trouble, and brand are considered as special regards for purchasing. Especially, internet shopping in purchasing marks high growth rate and preference for foreign cosmetics is very ardent. It can be expected that the 21st century is the epoch of various small production different from the mass-production in the 20th century. Female image will be probably expressed with individual, emotional, and professional image in the media of digital, fusion, cyber, and technology culture. It can be said that the tendency of cosmetic purchasing in the future will be more focused on brand image and life style.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.5-17
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• 1999

This study was designed to determine the schemata and their characteristics of stress experience the subjectivity of stress experience(structure of subjectivity) would be a basic step for the effective clinical education through the stress management for characteristics of these types. Q-methodological method was used for that purpose. The research method statements were collected prior to the study through indepth interviews. For the study, 31 Q-statements were selected. There were 34 nursing students as subjects for the research. The 34 nursing students sorted the 31 statements using the principal of forced normal distribution. The principle of forced normal distribution, which has 9 scales to measure the individual opinions, was called. Q-factor analysis by using PC QUANL program supply the material. According to the outcomes of this study, there were 3 types of special opinion about the stress experience of clinical practice. The first type is called 'Influence of practical atmosphere type'. Members of this type experienced stress by an inadequate orientation and undesirable role model of nursing. The second type is called 'conflict of nursing role type'. Members of this type experienced stress by an inadequate orientation and undesirable role model of nursing. The third type is called 'Lack of confidence type'. Members of this type experienced stress because of a lack of confidence for their own nursing knowledge and skill. As a result, we now need further study to identify individual psychological aspects of stress for clinical practice. The findings will guide the development in effective approaches for clinical education. Finally, the result of the study will provide us the need for developing systematic and integrated practice education program for students and active involvement of clinical instructor.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.14-22
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• 2017

This research aims to explore characteristics of engineering students' thinking styles compared with those of undergraduate students in Korea. For this, we investigated whether there were differences of thinking styles in undergraduates according to majors and gender. 'Thinking styles', one individual-difference variable, has received particular attention in recent years. Styles are not abilities but rather refer to individuals' preferred way of applying their abilities in cognitive tasks(Sternberg, 1988). There has been much research(domestic and foreign) about thinking styles and their related factors. However, to date, little attention has been paid to engineering students' thinking styles, and few studies have dealt with them together with undergraduate students' of various majors. This study was conducted with a total of 865 students from 3 universities, and thinking styles have been measured online. Our findings show that firstly, there were significant differences in undergraduate students' thinking styles by majors. Engineering students scored significantly higher in external style, students majoring in humanities scored higher in executive, hierarchical and conservative styles, and students majoring in arts scored higher in legislative, internal and liberal styles. Second, there was a significant difference in students' thinking styles by gender. Male students scored significantly higher than females in judicial, global and external styles. Whereas female students scored higher than males in hierarchical and internal styles. Third, there was a significant difference in engineering students' thinking styles by gender. Male engineering students scored significantly higher than females in judicial and monarchic styles. Whereas female engineering students scored significantly higher in hierarchical styles. Based on these findings, it is expected to apply thinking styles to develop related courses as well as programs for engineering students.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.187-200
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• 2019

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of motivation of the employment in Korea with gender, nationality, motivation of studying in Korea, major satisfaction and Korean proficiency level of foreign students who are studying in Korea. The second purpose is to analyze the current factors, to leverage educational management and to make and support some policy of Minister of Education for international students in order to promote utilization of employment of the students in Korea during 4 years of studying. This paper is used by IBM SPSS Statistics 24 Version for data analysis. As a result of the analysis, the average of students in Southeast Asia, Central Asia and South and North America Africa was higher than Japan and China in terms of motivation of employment in Korea. First, the external motivation to study in Korea has affected TOPIK with positive influence. Second, in the relationship between motivation to study in Korea and the majors satisfaction, the higher the internal motivation of study, the higher the majors' satisfaction level. Third, in the relationship between motivation to study in Korea and motivation of the employment in Korea, internal motivation to study has a positive effect on motivation of the employment. As internal motivation increases, grade of the motivation of the employment increases. Fourth, the relationship between major satisfaction and employment showed positive (+) effect. In other words, the higher the major satisfaction, the higher the motivation of the employment. Fifth, TOPIK has a negative effect on motivation of the employment. It means that external motivation was the main factor that positively influenced TOPIK and internal motivation was also main factors that positively influenced both major satisfaction and motivation of the employment in Korea. Sixth, when the internal motivation has an effect on motivation of Korea employment, the higher the major satisfaction as the parameter, the higher the motivation of Korea employment. Therefore, it will be helpful to understand the meaning of studying motivation and major satisfaction of international students, and to be used as basic data on education policies of universities and governments supporting the career and employment for international students.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.45-63
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to analyze the status and gifted students' perception on curriculum implementation for gifted education at Busan Science Academy. For the purpose, we investigated the curriculum documents, the process of implementing curriculum and the result of the questionnaire. The questionnaire about the curriculum courses, teaching strategies and evaluation method was answered by 143 students at Busan Science Academy. The curriculum courses are composed of general courses and specialized courses: general courses comprise of Korean language, social studies, foreign languages, arts, and physical education. Specialized courses consist of mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, earth science, information science. Elective courses are divided into basic elective courses and in-depth courses. Each in-depth course deals with more specialized content. The significant results of the questionnaire are as follows: First, according to gifted students' perception, the credits of specialized courses and in-depth elective courses need to be increased and the credits of general courses need to be reduced. Second, teachers at this school mainly use teaching strategies such as lecture, group activities and discussion, but the students prefer diverse teaching strategies such as lecture, discussion, experiment, individual research, problem solving and field studies. Third, students prefer a paper-and-pencil testing assesment rather than a written report assesment and lab experiment assesment. According to this study, the characteristics of the acceleration curriculum at Busan Science Academy were too intensive. Thus it is difficult to implement the enrichment education according to the demand of gifted students in this school. Therefore, this study suggests that we need to revise the curriculum courses of Busan Science Academy and develop contents and strategies for gifted education in science and mathematics.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.6 no.11
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• pp.81-90
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• 2016

This research examines mutual culture education in accordance with Germany's immigrant social integration policy by analyzing the National European School in Berlin. In this regard, the curricula of Joan-Miró elementary school and Finow elementary school are analyzed. Germany maintains a multicultural policy which enables immigrants to maintain their native language and identity and simultaneously integrate them into the German society. In short, maintenance of immigrants' mother tongue and immigrant students' acquisition of the German language is the core of Germany's social integration policy. The National European School in Berlin is a public school established for the sake of an educational environment in which students can not only build up language capacity, but also create a culturally mutual environment for multicultural students. The school's educational objective is mutual culture education which can integrate and maintain the cultural identity and language of multicultural students. Joan-Miró elementary school encourages mutual cultural ability and bilingual ability while preparing students for the future intelligent society, leading their independent life and self-initiated learning. Finow elementary school encourages mutual culture ability, language capacity and directional capability apart from the basic capacities that can reinforce students to become citizens in demand of the future intellectual society. Korean foreign language education needs to be practically diversified as in the case of the Germany's National European school. Also, improvement of educational environment such as students' bilingual ability, students' ability development regarding their individual characteristics, and the capability of mutual culture understanding are issues that should be urgently treated.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.48-54
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• 2017

University dormitories play an important role in both the campus experience and academic achievement, as well as providing the students with their basic necessities. Further, there is a high demand to increase the capacity in order to raise the retention rate and to invite more foreign students. Students' social interaction and sense of community (SOC) also play an important role in reducing the stress associated with studying and home sickness and, consequently,the campus is a place that provides positive opportunities for their personal growth and adaptation into their peer group social culture. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the physical environment of the dormitory facilities on the students' sense of community and social interaction in across-cultural background.The ${\chi}^2$ analysis indicated that individual characteristics exist regarding SOC, however, there were no statistically significant differences between the two cultural groups. The factors of SOC and physical environment were higher in the Korean student group than in the U.S. group. The regression analysis indicated that the U.S. students considered a physically comfortable environment as the primary issue for social interaction, while the Korean group placed more emphasis on a family-oriented home environment. The linear analysis confirmed that satisfaction with the physical environment influenced the social interaction and SOC level. Finally, this study suggests that creating a homely environment is more important than the functioning of the institution in university dormitory planning.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.37-52
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• 2019

Purpose - This study examined the relationship between service quality, perceived value, customer satisfaction and behavioral intention of coffee shop using CoffeeSERV scale. In this model, CoffeeSERV scale consists of fundamental characteristics, physical environment, confidence, beverage characteristics, and representation factors. In particular, this study tried to demonstrate the moderating effect of customer's regulatory focus orientation among in the relationships between service quality, perceived value, customer satisfaction and behavioral intention. Research design, data, and methodology - This study intends to expand the existing service quality research by using the coffee shop service quality measurement tool developed by domestic researchers. I wanted to find some implications for the trend. In particular, this study applied the regulatory focus theory to identify individual differences of customers regulatory focusing motivation. In order to verify several hypotheses, the data were 227 college students and analyzed with SPSS/PC 21.0 and SmartPLS 3 program. The moderating role of customer's regulatory focusing motivation was tested using multi-group analysis with SmartPLS 3 program. Results - The resutls are as follows. First, the fundamental characteristic factors only had a significant influence on the utilitarian value perception, but in the hedonic value perception, all other service factors except for the beverage characteristic had a statistically significant effect. Second, utilitarian and hedonic value had significant effects on customer satisfaction. Third, customer satisfaction had a significant effect on behavioral intention. Finally, the regulatory focus orientation played a moderating role in the relationship between beverage characteristic - utilitarian value, representation - utilitarian value, fundamental characteristic - hedonic value, physical environment - hedonic value, confidence - hedonic value, and utilitarian value - behavioral intention. Conclusions - The results of this study show that the various service quality factors that make up the CoffeeSERV scale have different effects on utilitarian and hedonic value. This means that perceived benefits from product and service experience have different impacts on the customer's experience. Therefore, marketers should identify the impacts of service quality dimension that customers who use coffee shops consider important, understand the impact process of these quality factors on experience value, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intention, and allocate limited marketing budget. The results also show that it is possible to establish differentiatied response strategies using customer's regulatory focus orientation to find ways to enhance utlitarian and hedonic value, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intention using various Coffeeshop service quality factors. At the end of this paper, some limitations and future research directions were suggested.