• Title/Summary/Keyword: indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea

Search Result 53, Processing Time 0.019 seconds

Review of the Korean Indigenous Species Investigation Project (2006-2020) by the National Institute of Biological Resources under the Ministry of Environment, Republic of Korea (한반도 자생생물 조사·발굴 연구사업 고찰(2006~2020))

  • Bae, Yeon Jae;Cho, Kijong;Min, Gi-Sik;Kim, Byung-Jik;Hyun, Jin-Oh;Lee, Jin Hwan;Lee, Hyang Burm;Yoon, Jung-Hoon;Hwang, Jeong Mi;Yum, Jin Hwa
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
    • /
    • v.39 no.1
    • /
    • pp.119-135
    • /
    • 2021
  • Korea has stepped up efforts to investigate and catalog its flora and fauna to conserve the biodiversity of the Korean Peninsula and secure biological resources since the ratification of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) in 1992 and the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits (ABS) in 2010. Thus, after its establishment in 2007, the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR) of the Ministry of Environment of Korea initiated a project called the Korean Indigenous Species Investigation Project to investigate indigenous species on the Korean Peninsula. For 15 years since its beginning in 2006, this project has been carried out in five phases, Phase 1 from 2006-2008, Phase 2 from 2009-2011, Phase 3 from 2012-2014, Phase 4 from 2015-2017, and Phase 5 from 2018-2020. Before this project, in 2006, the number of indigenous species surveyed was 29,916. The figure was cumulatively aggregated at the end of each phase as 33,253 species for Phase 1 (2008), 38,011 species for Phase 2 (2011), 42,756 species for Phase 3 (2014), 49,027 species for Phase 4 (2017), and 54,428 species for Phase 5(2020). The number of indigenous species surveyed grew rapidly, showing an approximately 1.8-fold increase as the project progressed. These statistics showed an annual average of 2,320 newly recorded species during the project period. Among the recorded species, a total of 5,242 new species were reported in scientific publications, a great scientific achievement. During this project period, newly recorded species on the Korean Peninsula were identified using the recent taxonomic classifications as follows: 4,440 insect species (including 988 new species), 4,333 invertebrate species except for insects (including 1,492 new species), 98 vertebrate species (fish) (including nine new species), 309 plant species (including 176 vascular plant species, 133 bryophyte species, and 39 new species), 1,916 algae species (including 178 new species), 1,716 fungi and lichen species(including 309 new species), and 4,812 prokaryotic species (including 2,226 new species). The number of collected biological specimens in each phase was aggregated as follows: 247,226 for Phase 1 (2008), 207,827 for Phase 2 (2011), 287,133 for Phase 3 (2014), 244,920 for Phase 4(2017), and 144,333 for Phase 5(2020). A total of 1,131,439 specimens were obtained with an annual average of 75,429. More specifically, 281,054 insect specimens, 194,667 invertebrate specimens (except for insects), 40,100 fish specimens, 378,251 plant specimens, 140,490 algae specimens, 61,695 fungi specimens, and 35,182 prokaryotic specimens were collected. The cumulative number of researchers, which were nearly all professional taxonomists and graduate students majoring in taxonomy across the country, involved in this project was around 5,000, with an annual average of 395. The number of researchers/assistant researchers or mainly graduate students participating in Phase 1 was 597/268; 522/191 in Phase 2; 939/292 in Phase 3; 575/852 in Phase 4; and 601/1,097 in Phase 5. During this project period, 3,488 papers were published in major scientific journals. Of these, 2,320 papers were published in domestic journals and 1,168 papers were published in Science Citation Index(SCI) journals. During the project period, a total of 83.3 billion won (annual average of 5.5 billion won) or approximately US $75 million (annual average of US $5 million) was invested in investigating indigenous species and collecting specimens. This project was a large-scale research study led by the Korean government. It is considered to be a successful example of Korea's compressed development as it attracted almost all of the taxonomists in Korea and made remarkable achievements with a massive budget in a short time. The results from this project led to the National List of Species of Korea, where all species were organized by taxonomic classification. Information regarding the National List of Species of Korea is available to experts, students, and the general public (https://species.nibr.go.kr/index.do). The information, including descriptions, DNA sequences, habitats, distributions, ecological aspects, images, and multimedia, has been digitized, making contributions to scientific advancement in research fields such as phylogenetics and evolution. The species information also serves as a basis for projects aimed at species distribution and biological monitoring such as climate-sensitive biological indicator species. Moreover, the species information helps bio-industries search for useful biological resources. The most meaningful achievement of this project can be in providing support for nurturing young taxonomists like graduate students. This project has continued for the past 15 years and is still ongoing. Efforts to address issues, including species misidentification and invalid synonyms, still have to be made to enhance taxonomic research. Research needs to be conducted to investigate another 50,000 species out of the estimated 100,000 indigenous species on the Korean Peninsula.

A report of 39 unrecorded bacterial species in Korea, belonging to the Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria

  • Choi, Ahyoung;Bae, Jin-Woo;Cha, Chang-Jun;Chun, Jongsik;Im, Wan-Taek;Jahng, Kwang Yeop;Jeon, Che Ok;Joh, Kiseong;Kim, Seung Bum;Seong, Chi Nam;Yoon, Jung-Hoon;Cho, Jang-Cheon
    • Journal of Species Research
    • /
    • v.4 no.2
    • /
    • pp.109-126
    • /
    • 2015
  • As a subset study to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 39 bacterial strains assigned to the classes Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were isolated from diverse environmental samples collected from soil, tidal flat, freshwater, seawater, seaweed, wetland, plant roots, guts of insects, and fermented foods. From the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.1%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to each independent and predefined bacterial species. There is no official report that these 39 species have been described in Korea; therefore 4 species of 4 genera in the order Burkholderiales and 1 species in the order Neisseriales within the class Betaproteobacteria, and 10 species of 6 genera in the order Alteromonadales, 11 species of 3 genera in the order Pseudomonadales, 4 species of 4 genera in the order Enterobacteriales, 2 species of 2 genera in the order Vibrionales, 1 species in the order Aeromonadales, 3 species of 3 genera in the order Oceanospirillales, 2 species of 2 genera in the order Xanthomonadales, and 1 species in the order Chromatiales within the Gammaproteobacteia are reported for proteobacterial species found in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source, and strain IDs are also described in the species description section.

Identification of 12 radiation-resistant bacterial species in the phylum Proteobacteria new to Korea

  • Han, Joo Hyun;Maeng, Soohyun;Park, Yuna;Lee, Sang Eun;Lee, Byoung-Hee;Lee, Ki-eun;Kim, Myung Kyum
    • Journal of Species Research
    • /
    • v.9 no.2
    • /
    • pp.85-104
    • /
    • 2020
  • In 2019, after a comprehensive investigation of indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 12 bacterial strains assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria were isolated from soil. With the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>98.8%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to independent, predefined bacterial species. This study identified two species in the family Burkholderiaceae, one species in the family Comamonadaceae, two species in the family Oxalobacteraceae, one species in the family Micrococcaceae, one species in the family Bradyrhizobiaceae, one species in the family Methylobacteriaceae, one species in the family Rhizobiaceae, one species in the family Rhodocyclaceae, and one species in the family Sphingomonadaceae. There is no official report about these 12 species in Korea, so are described as unreported bacterial species in Korea in this study. Gram reaction, basic biochemical characteristics, colony, and cell morphology are also described in the species description section.

A report of 31 unrecorded bacterial species in South Korea belonging to the class Gammaproteobacteria

  • Jung, Yong-Taek;Bae, Jin-Woo;Jeon, Che Ok;Joh, Kiseong;Seong, Chi Nam;Jahng, Kwang Yeop;Cho, Jang-Cheon;Cha, Chang-Jun;Im, Wan-Taek;Kim, Seung Bum;Yoon, Jung-Hoon
    • Journal of Species Research
    • /
    • v.5 no.1
    • /
    • pp.188-200
    • /
    • 2016
  • During recent screening to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in South Korea, a total of 31 bacterial strains assigned to the class Gammaproteobacteria were isolated from a variety of environmental samples including soil, tidal flat, freshwater, seawater, and plant roots. From the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>98.7%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to each independent and predefined bacterial species. There is no official report that these 31 species have been described in South Korea; therefore 5 species of 3 genera in the order Alteromonadales, 11 species of 3 genera in the order Pseudomonadales, 8 species of 6 genera in the order Enterobacteriales, 2 species of 1 genera in the order Vibrionales, 1 species of 1 genera in the order Oceanospirillales, 3 species of 3 genera in the order Xanthomonadales, and 1 species in the order Spongiibacter_o within the Gammaproteobacteia are reported for proteobacterial species found in South Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source, and strain IDs are also described in the species description section.

A report of 29 unrecorded bacterial species in Korea, belonging to the Alphaproteobacteria

  • Liu, Qingmei;Kim, Seung-Bum;Cho, Jang-Cheon;Yoon, Jung-Hoon;Joh, Ki-seong;Cha, Chang-Jun;Chun, Jong-sik;Seong, Chi-Nam;Bae, Jin-Woo;Jahng, Kwang-Yeop;Jeon, Che-Ok;Im, Wan-Taek
    • Journal of Species Research
    • /
    • v.4 no.2
    • /
    • pp.97-108
    • /
    • 2015
  • As a subset study to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 29 bacterial strains assigned to the classes Alphaproteobacteria were isolated from various environmental samples collected from plant root, ginseng soil, forest soil, marsh, mud flat, freshwater and seawater. From the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.1%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to each independent and predefined bacterial species. There is no official report that these 29 species included in Alphaproteobacteria is have been described in Korea; therefore 14 species of 9 genera in the order Rhizobiales, 7 species of 6 genera in the order Sphingomonadales and 4 species of 2 genera in the order Caulobacterales and 3 species in the order Rhodobacterales and 1 species in the order Rhodospirillales found in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source, and strain IDs are also described in the species description section.

A report of 21 unreported bacterial species in Korea, belonging to the Betaproteobacteria

  • Kim, Pil Soo;Cha, Chang-Jun;Cho, Jang-Cheon;Chun, Jongsik;Im, Wan-Taek;Jahng, Kwang Yeop;Jeon, Che Ok;Joh, Kiseong;Kim, Seung Bum;Seong, Chi Nam;Yoon, Jung-Hoon;Bae, Jin-Woo
    • Journal of Species Research
    • /
    • v.5 no.1
    • /
    • pp.179-187
    • /
    • 2016
  • As a subset investigation to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 21 bacterial strains assigned to the class Betaproteobacteria were isolated from a wide range of environmental samples which collected from fresh water, roots of plants, mineral water and soil from ginseng farm. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that 21 isolated strains were most closely related to the class Betaproteobacteria, with high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.1%) and constructed a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species in the class Betaproteobacteria. These isolated species have no previous report or publication in Korea; therefore 17 species in 14 genera of 6 families in the order Burkholderiales, 1 species in the order Methylophilales, 2 species in 2 genera of 1 family in the order Neisseriales are reported for betaproteobacterial species found in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source, and strain IDs are also described in the species description section and as an image.

A report of 28 unrecorded bacterial species, phylum Bacteroidetes, in Korea

  • Maeng, Soohyun;Baek, Chaeyun;Bae, Jin-Woo;Cha, Chang-Jun;Jahng, Kwang-Yeop;Joh, Ki-seong;Kim, Wonyong;Seong, Chi Nam;Lee, Soon Dong;Cho, Jang-Cheon;Yi, Hana
    • Journal of Species Research
    • /
    • v.7 no.2
    • /
    • pp.104-113
    • /
    • 2018
  • In order to investigate indigenous prokaryotic species diversity in Korea, various environmental samples from diverse ecosystems were examined. Isolated bacterial strains were identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, and those exhibiting at least 98.7% sequence similarity with known bacterial species, but not reported in Korea, were selected as unrecorded species. 28 unrecorded bacterial species belonging to the phylum Bacteroidetes were discovered from various habitats including wastewater, freshwater, freshwater sediment, wet land, reclaimed land, plant root, bird feces, seawater, sea sand, tidal flat sediment, a scallop, marine algae, and seaweed. The unrecorded species were assigned to 18 different genera in five families: Flavobacterium, Epilithonimonas, Dokdonia, Gillisia, Flavicella, Chryseobacterium, Algibacter, Aquimarina, Lacinutrix, Gaetbulibacter, Cellulophaga, Tenacibaculum, and Maribacter of Flavobacteriaceae, Dyadobacter of Cytophagaceae, Draconibacterium of Draconibacterium_f, Sunxiuqinia of Prolixibacteraceae, and Fulvivirga of Fulvivirga_f. The selected isolates were subjected to further taxonomic characterization including analysis of Gram reaction, cellular and colonial morphology, biochemical activities, and phylogenetic trees. Descriptive information of the 28 unrecorded species is provided.

A report of 26 unrecorded bacterial species in Korea, belonging to the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes

  • Kim, Haneul;Yoon, Jung-Hoon;Cha, Chang-Jun;Seong, Chi Nam;Im, Wan-Taek;Jahng, Kwang Yeop;Jeon, Che Ok;Kim, Seung Bum;Joh, Kiseong
    • Journal of Species Research
    • /
    • v.5 no.1
    • /
    • pp.166-178
    • /
    • 2016
  • An outcome of the study to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 26 bacterial species assigned to the classes Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were isolated from diverse environmental samples collected from soil, tidal flat, freshwater, seawater, wetland, plant roots, and fermented foods. From the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.0%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to each independent and predefined bacterial species. There is no official report that these 26 species have been described in Korea; therefore 14 strains for the order Flavobacteriales and two strains for the order Cytophagales were assigned to the class Bacteroidetes, and 8 strains for the order Bacillales and 4 strains for the order Lactobacillales were assigned to the class Firmicutes are reported for new bacterial species found in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source, and strain IDs are also described in the species description section.

A report on 15 unrecorded bacterial species of Korea isolated in 2016, belonging to the class Betaproteobacteria

  • Kim, Dong-Uk;Seong, Chi-Nam;Jahng, Kwangyeop;Lee, Soon Dong;Cha, Chang-Jun;Joh, Kiseong;Jeon, Che Ok;Kim, Seung-Bum;Kim, Myung Kyum
    • Journal of Species Research
    • /
    • v.7 no.2
    • /
    • pp.97-103
    • /
    • 2018
  • In 2016, as a subset study to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 15 bacterial strains were isolated and assigned to the class Betaproteobacteria. From the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>98.8%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to each independent and predefined bacterial species. There is no official report that these 15 species have been described in Korea; therefore, 1 strain of the Aquitalea, 5 strains of the Paraburkholderia, 2 strains of the Comamonas, 1 strain of the Cupriavidus, 1 strain of the Diaphorobacter, 2 strains of the Hydrogenophaga, 1 strain of the Iodobacter, 1 strain of the Massilia and 1 strain of the Rhodoferax within the Betaproteobacteria are described for unreported bacterial species in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, and isolation sources are also described in the species description section.

A report on 33 unrecorded bacterial species of Korea isolated in 2014, belonging to the class Gammaproteobacteria

  • Lim, Yeonjung;Joung, Yochan;Nam, Gi Gyun;Jahng, Kwang-Yeop;Kim, Seung-Bum;Joh, Ki-seong;Cha, Chang-Jun;Seong, Chi-Nam;Bae, Jin-Woo;Im, Wan-Taek;Cho, Jang-Cheon
    • Journal of Species Research
    • /
    • v.5 no.2
    • /
    • pp.241-253
    • /
    • 2016
  • In 2014, as a subset study to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 33 bacterial strains assigned to the class Gammaproteobacteria were isolated from diverse environmental samples collected from soil, tidal flat, freshwater, seawater, oil-contaminated soil, and guts of animal. From the high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>98.5%) and formation of a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species, it was determined that each strain belonged to each independent and predefined bacterial species. There is no official report that these 33 species have been described in Korea; therefore, 1 strain of the Aeromonadales, 6 strains of the Alteromonadales, 3 strains of the Chromatiales, 5 strains of the Enterobacteriales, 4 strains of the Oceanospirillales, 11 strains of the Pseudomonadales, and 3 strains of the Xanthomonadales within the Gammaproteobacteria are described for unreported bacterial species in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, and isolation sources are also described in the species description section.