• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.32-37
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• 2015

Naturalized plants are invaded through various routes and distributed throughout the nation. They are also invaded in the sand dune ecosystem and poses a threat ecological niche of indigenous sand dune plants. We studied the effects of salt stress on the plant growth to suggest the management plans of naturalized plants in the sand dune ecosystem. As a result of germination experiment according to the salt gradient, germination rate decreased as the higher concentration and tolerance range was up to 160 mM. As a result of seedling experiment according to salt gradient, mortality rate was up to 90% from 0 mM to 200 mM and 100% over 300 mM. The day of first death with different concentration was 18.5 days in 100 mM and 6 days in 800 mM since the experiment has started. In addition, the day of last death with different concentration was 29.5 days in 100 mM and 6 days in 800 mM. Therefore, two stages of management plans would be effective. The first one is to suppress the germination by salt spray over 170 mM before germination. The other one is to wither seedlings in a short period by salt spray over 600 mM.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1087-1093
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• 2005

The population diversity and seasonal changes of bacterial communities in rice soils were monitored using both culture-dependent approaches and molecular methods. The rice field plot consisted of twelve subplots planted with two genetically-modified (GM) rice and two non-GM rice plants in three replicates. The DGGE analysis revealed that the bacterial community structures of the twelve subplot soils were quite similar to each other in a given month, indicating that there were no significant differences in the structure of the soil microbial populations between GM rice and non-GM rice during the experiment. However, the DGGE profiles of June soil after a sudden flooding were quite different from those of the other months. The June profiles exhibited a few intense DNA bands, compared with the others, indicating that flooding of rice field stimulated selective growth of some indigenous microorganisms. Phylogenetic analysis of l6S rDNA sequences from cultivated isolates showed that, while the isolates obtained from April soil before flooding were relatively evenly distributed among diverse genera such as Arthrobacter, Streptomyces, Terrabacter, and Bacillus/Paenibacillus, those from June soil after flooding mostly belonged to the Arthrobacter species. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA sequences obtained from the soil by cloning showed that April, August, and October had more diverse microorganisms than June. The results of this study indicated that flooding of rice fields gave a significant impact on the indigenous microbial community structure; however, the initial structure was gradually recovered over time after a sudden flooding.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.225-233
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• 1991

This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of indigenous vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(VAMF) in the rhizosphere soil of horticultural crops grown under greenhouse and open-field condition, in the southern area of Kores. Soil samples collected from the rhizosphere of some sellected horticultural crops, such as cucumber, hot pepper, lettuca, tomato and eggplant grown under greenhouse or open-field condition. All tested crops are considered as mycorrhizal plants. The infection rate of horticultural crops investigated ranged from 38% to 70%, hot pepper and eggplant grown under greenhouse condition showed the highest infection being 66.0% and 70.0%, respectively. Spore densities were from 4.8 to 20.0g-1 on dried soil basis. Spore densities of VAMF in the rhizosphere soils under greenhouse condition were higher than that of open-field conditions. The highest distribution of spores in diameter ranged from $75{\mu}m$ to $106{\mu}m$ in the rhizosphere soil of lettuce, cucumber and tomato while those in hot pepper and eggplant ranged from $75{\mu}m$ to $250{\mu}m$. Glomus sp.-type spores predominated in the slightly acid soil(pH 6.3), while Acaulospora sp.-type spores greatly predominated in the very strongly acid field(pH 4.9).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.8-20
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• 2007

This report designs a landscape plan of six reservoirs in Sihung city which has possibilities both in development and in destruction. The report suggests how to create a leisure space in harmony with the surroundings in Sihung city. Building a leisure town will create the local residents' demand in recreational activities and improve the amenities. Therefore this study analyzes eco-friendliness of the land, conditions of fauna and flora, the quality of water and the usage figures of the six reservoirs so as to develop those six reservoirs more eco-friendly. Based on environmentalism, the leisure spot development plan attribute the ultimate importance to local residents' pleasant leisure time and recreations. With this master plan, the report suggests expanding the city's green space, since the city has under 50% out of the optimal percentage of green space per person. In addition, the report intends to plan each six reservoirs developed separately but organically connected at the same time that those six can put together and become a Sihung Green Way which makes the city's leisure space a belt. Apportioning the six reservoirs development levels in order to balance the development, accumulating and arranging buildings and facilities in available spaces according to the governing law, and creating resting area, promenade and parking lot to make an eco-city. Also the report suggests conserving environment and regulating contamination such as ban on fishing to move forward sustainable development. Since the adventives predominate the site, introducing indigenous plants should be necessary soon.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.199-214
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• 2020

The study investigates Atlas fabrics, the Ikat weaving method used by the Uygur People in Xinjiang, China. Based on domestic and foreign papers and other literature, different cultural characteristics of Ikat fabrics from various regions are compared. Following a theoretical investigation, characteristics of fabrics from the Indian Patola, Indonesian Ikat, Japanese Kasuri, and Uzbekistan Adras are summarized and compared with the characteristics of pattern, color, and manufacturing process of Atlas silk from Xinjiang China (also an Ikat fabric). The results are as follows. First, although the weaving process used for Ikat fabrics differs from country to country according to different national cultures, lifestyles, colors, patterns, and usage methods, they are all Ikat dyed fabrics. Therefore, they are all regarded as precious objects symbolizing a certain social status, and are used as a gift for special occasions, such as weddings. Second, the form of the pattern varies. Indian Patola has clear outlines and regular patterns, while the patterns of Japanese Kasuri are mainly inspired by folk life ideas. Indonesian Ikat contains influences from indigenous tribes, and Uzbekistan's and China's Atlas textiles are influenced by geography, religion, and national culture, including bright colors and pattern designs inspired by plants, musical instruments, and geometric figures. Finally, the patterns and colors of Xinjiang Atlas fabrics present strong ethnic characteristics. Unlike the Uzbekistan fabric which is mostly influenced by Islam, human and animal patterns would not feature in Xinjiang Atlas patterns, which mostly consist of long strips, repeated in a neat and orderly form.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.730-734
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• 2019

Cryopreservation is one of the ideal and suitable methods for long-term storage of plant germplasm. The plant contaminated with diseases and pathogens are decreased the multiplication rate, survival rate and high quality of plants after cryopreservation. The aim of this work was to improve a micropropagation method for lily in Korea, which is indigenous plant. In the last process of rinsing scales after surface-sterilization, we tried to control the diseases and pathogens lived within the tissue by rinsing in 0.03% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) instead of sterile distilled water. Bulb scales of Lilium were cultured in vitro on MS medium supplemented with Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM). The results showed that L. tsingtauense accessions were observed ranged from 53.9 to 100% with a mean value of 76.8% and L. hansonii accessions were checked from 84.5 to 85.5% with a mean of 85% survival rate. The newly small bulb formed from bulb-scales was transferred to MS medium. We checked the presence of microorganisms and survival rate after 3 weeks in culture after examination of bacterial incidences. The results indicated that the non-contamination rate were shown ranged from 75.0 to 94.1% with mean value of 83.2% in L. tsingtauense species, and that L. hansonii were observed 85.1 to 91.7% with mean value of 88.4%. This study will provide a valuable basis for establishment of effective axenic cultures for in vitro micropropagation of Korean native lily species.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.27-39
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• 2019

The object of this research is to compare zoology and botany name caused by language and science differences of South and North Korea since division. Biological data are collected North Korea biological information (flora and fauna, an illustrated flora and fauna book of North Korea, Etc.) and compared both side data based on national species list of korea, National Institute of Biological Resources. We could built 3,903 species of flora and 1,487 species flora on biological database. The criteria for comparative method is 5 types (korean name difference, scientific name difference, same species, similar species, North Korea endemic species). As a results, plants were identified korean name difference (911 species), scientific name difference (614 species), same species (880 species), North Korea endemic species (1,037 species) of 3,903 species, and animals were korean name difference (685 species), scientific name difference (104 species), same species (199 species), North Korea endemic species (226 species) of the 1,492 species. This results are expected to be in application with cooperation study for recovering bioinformatics differences of South and North Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.38-51
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• 2000

This study seeks to present creation techniques increasing biodiversity while excluding techniques that avoid rooftop as a place for revegetation or techniques that are standardized and ecologically undesirable. To this end, a theoretical study was conducted including the identification of issues that need to be considered in introducing biotope creation techniques at a rooftop space using eco-pond or eco-park creation techniques. Based on the result, a creation process and techniques were presented for the rooftop of Kyungdong Energy Company building located in Bundang, Sungnam city. The conclusions reached in this study are as follows. First, when structural problems such as load or leakage are resolved and when it is planned as a habitat within a range of carrying load, a rooftop may be habitats for various organisms. Second, same creation techniques for eco-ponds or eco-parks may be applied to create biotope in a rooftop. In fact, the introduction of a wetland ecosystem on a rooftop may contribute significantly in increasing biodiversity. In addition, it would be desirable to approach traditional rooftop revegetation methods in an ecological aspect and to introduce indigenous plants and to offer habitats to insects and birds. Third, in order to create rooftop biotope, there should be enough studies and experiments on resolving structural problems and on techniques or technologies to create habitats. Since the Kyongdong Energy Company rooftop biotope described in this study is the first experimental site in Korea, it requires a series of process to identify problems and to improve them by monitoring the site in the future. Through such studies and experiments, efficient rooftop biotope creation techniques should be developed and disseminated.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.179-187
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• 2016

As a subset investigation to discover indigenous prokaryotic species in Korea, a total of 21 bacterial strains assigned to the class Betaproteobacteria were isolated from a wide range of environmental samples which collected from fresh water, roots of plants, mineral water and soil from ginseng farm. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that 21 isolated strains were most closely related to the class Betaproteobacteria, with high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>99.1%) and constructed a robust phylogenetic clade with the closest species in the class Betaproteobacteria. These isolated species have no previous report or publication in Korea; therefore 17 species in 14 genera of 6 families in the order Burkholderiales, 1 species in the order Methylophilales, 2 species in 2 genera of 1 family in the order Neisseriales are reported for betaproteobacterial species found in Korea. Gram reaction, colony and cell morphology, basic biochemical characteristics, isolation source, and strain IDs are also described in the species description section and as an image.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.197-201
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• 2017

Populus. caspica L. is an Iranian indigenous poplar species which naturally distributed in the northern part of country. Unfortunately, overuse has removed many of the stems of better form, so that natural stands now usually appear small and crook. Therefore genetic variation for selection of new superior clone of this species is needed. Conventional hybridization system is currently used to induce genetic variation in poplar species but incompatibility barriers have been observed between them. In vitro ovule embryo culture was used to overcome incompatibility obstacle for interspecific hybridization between Populus caspica L. with Populus deltoids L.62/75. Female flowers of Populus caspica L. have artificially been pollinated with pollen grain of P. deltoides 62/75 in one direction using twig and pot crossing system. Ovaries at different ages (7, 14 and 21 days after pollination) were disinfected through 70% ethanol for 1 minute, 5% of sodium-hypochlorite solution for fifteen min followed by three time rising with sterile distil-water. Isolated ovaries were then transferred to MS hormone free medium containing 30 and 60 g/L sucrose for embryo development and germination. Collected data have been analyzed by two factorial experimental designs. The results indicated that there were significant differences between age of embryos for development and germination at ${\alpha}=0.01%$. Highest embryo germination (45%) was observed from 21 days old ovaries. No significant differences were observed between MS culture media containing 30 and 60 g/L for percentages of ovary-embryo germination and number of germinated embryo per ovary at ${\alpha}=0.05%$. Fourteen percentage of embryo germination obtained in MS medium supplemented with 60 g/L sucrose, while only 35% of isolated ovaries were able to germinate in MS containing 30 g/L sucrose. Induced plantlets in 4 cm height were transferred into pots containing soilless (1:1:1 peat, per lit and vermiculite) medium for acclimatization. After successful acclimatization, plants were delivered to nursery.