• Advances in Energy Research
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.97-115
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• 2015

Energy holds key to economic growth and prosperity of India. Currently, India has very high-energy import dependence, especially in the case of crude oil (80%) and natural gas (40%). Even coal import has been increasing over the years. Considering India's population growth, emphasis on manufacturing, production, and service industry, energy consumption is bound to increase. More fossil energy consumption means greater dependence on energy import leading to widening trade deficit and current account deficit. Therefore, exploitation of indigenous renewable energy production is necessary. The paper reviews the progress and growth of renewable energy production, distribution, and consumption in India. The paper highlights some of the enablers of renewable energy in India. The authors discuss the opportunities and challenges of increasing share of renewable energy to reduce energy import and address issues of energy security in India. The findings suggest that India is ready for a quantum leap in renewable production by 2022.

• 수완나부미
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.251-268
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• 2022

Over the last few decades, global trade activities showed a significant increase, resulting in a rise of the wider global economic growth. The achievement is partly due to the more integrated global trade system under global trade regime such as World Trade Organization (WTO) that standardized the practice of global trade. On the other hand, it could also be seen that regional trade negotiation became more important part of global trade activity. The trade negotiation itself was pushed and tailored by regional perspective, which indigenized trade agreement. This research aims to analyze the indigenization of ASEAN's trade negotiation model. How has the current trade negotiation model within the region represented indigenous needs and aspirations? This study also offers to revisit the conceptual framework in identifying the trade negotiation model to measure the indigeneity of Southeast Asian automotive industry's policy. This research concludes by explaining the case studies which measure the effect of indigenization to the practice of trade agreement in the region.

• 농촌계획
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2016

Tourism is often considered as one of the main industries to promote development and modernization in small South Pacific islands countries. In Fiji, this was recognized in the 1960s, and resulted in large-scale resort based tourism development in coastal areas. While tourism has obvious advantages to the economy, a lot of problems such as exclusive foreign control of the main hotels and resorts, considerable overseas leakage of earnings, the limited participation by indigenous resource owners, and localized environmental damages to reefs and mangroves are emerging. For sustainable tourism development, it is needed to set growth objectives and targets for tourism in terms of benefits to Fiji, and to concentrate support on 'Rural Tourism' such as community-based tourism that have lower leakage and put more into local economies. Through case study in this paper, to develop rural tourism at the local level, several recommendations are as follows: 1) to introduce various rural tourism programs such as experiencing Fiji's traditional culture, participating in activities, picking fruits and harvesting agro-products, 2) to enhance aggressive promotion and marketing strategies, 3) to build the capacity of local communities for improving the quality of tourism services, and 4) to provide the infrastructure for tourism business such as road accessing, water supply and disaster prevention.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.599-602
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• 2013

A male patient with neurocysticercosis was identified in Montai Village, Xay District, Oudomxay Province, Lao PDR in February 2004. He had a history of diagnosis for neurocysticercosis by a CT scan in Thailand after an onset of epileptic seizure in 1993. A pig in the same district was found to contain Taenia solium metacestodes (=cysticerci); the slaughtered pig body contained more than 2,000 cysticerci. In addition to morphological identification, molecular identification was also performed on the cysticerci by DNA sequencing analysis of the mitochondrial cox1 gene; they were confirmed as T. solium metacestodes. The patient is regarded as an indigenous case of neurocysticercosis infected in an endemic focus of T. solium taeniasis/cysticercosis in Oudomxay Province, Lao PDR.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.86-98
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• 2016

In this study, after the installation of a subsea pipeline, backfilling was performed in the trenched area. During these operations, a stability problem in the subsea pipeline occurred. The pipeline was directly impacted by environmental loading such as waves and currents that were caused by backfill material when scouring or sediment transport and siltation was carried out. Therefore, this study reviewed whether trenching was necessary, and conducted research into an indigenous seabed property that contains granular soil. A study of cohesive soil was also conducted in order to cross-correlate after calculating the values of the critical Shields parameter relevant to elements of the external environment such as waves and current, and the shear Shields parameter that depends on the actual shearing stress. In case of 1), sedimentation or erosion does not occur. In the case of 2), partial sedimentation or erosion occurs. If the case is 3), full sedimentation or erosion occurs. Therefore, in the cases of 1) or 2), problems in structural subsea pipeline stability will not occur even if partial sedimentation or erosion occurs. This should be reflected particularly in cases with granular and cohesive soil when a reduction in shear strength occurs by cyclic currents and waves. In addition, since backfilling material does not affect the original seabed shear strength, a set-up factor should be considered to use a reduced of the shear strength in the original seabed.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.343-347
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• 2013

Autochthonous human gnathostomiasis had never been reported in the Republic of Korea. We report here a case of Gnathostoma spinigerum infection in a 32-year-old Korean woman, presumed to have been infected via an indigenous route. The patient had experienced a painful migratory swelling near the left nasolabial fold area of the face for a year, with movement of the swelling to the mucosal area of the upper lip 2 weeks before surgical removal of the lesion. Histopathological examinations of the extracted tissue revealed inflammation with heavy eosinophilic infiltrations and sections of a nematode suggestive of a Gnathostoma sp. larva. The larva characteristically revealed about 25 intestinal cells with multiple (3-6) nuclei in each intestinal cell consistent with the 3rd-stage larva of G. spinigerum. The patient did not have any special history of travel abroad except a recent trip, 4 months before surgery, to China where she ate only cooked food. The patient is the first recorded autochthonous case of G. spinigerum infection in Korea.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.193-206
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• 2021

이 연구는 국립축산과학원 가금연구소에서 보유하고 있는 토종닭 순계 12계통의 육성기 성장능력을 파악하기 위해 생시(0주령)부터 16주령까지 2주 간격으로 체중, 증체량을 측정하고, 성장곡선을 추정하여 제시하였다. 각 주령별 체중에 대한 성별 효과와 계통 효과는 전 기간에서 각각 유의적인 차이를 보였으며 전 기간 체중은 수컷이 암컷보다 유의적으로 무겁게 나타났다. 계통별 체중 차이는 코니쉬 품종과 그 외 품종으로 구분되어 나타났고, 코니쉬 품종이 생시 체중을 제외하고 다른 품종에 비해 약 2배 정도 체중이 무거운 경향을 보였다. 증체량의 경우 생시부터 6주령까지 증체량이 빠르게 증가하는 경향과 이후 피크에 도달하고 12주령부터 14주령까지 기간에 증체량이 감소하는 경향은 모든 성별과 계통에서 공통적으로 나타났다. 그러나 성별과 계통에 따라 증체량의 피크 도달 시점과 횟수의 차이를 보였다. 주령별 체중 간 상관분석 결과, 토종닭 시장 출하 주령인 10주령과 8주령 체중에서 가장 높은 표현형 상관계수를 나타났다. 증체량과 증체량 간의 상관분석 결과는 0-2주령 증체량과 2~4주령 증체량 간 표현형 상관계수를 제외하고 -0.16에서 0.29로 낮은 표현형 상관을 보였다. 성장곡선 모형의 결정계수와 수정된 결정계수는 99.1~99.9로 계통과 성별에 상관없이 모두 높은 적합도를 나타냈다. 그러나 각 모형별 적합도는 성별과 계통에 따라 차이가 나타났다. 암컷의 성장 곡선은 D계통을 제외한 모든 계통에서 Von Betalanffy 모형이 가장 높은 적합도를 보였다. 반면에 수컷의 성장 곡선은 C계통을 제외한 모든 계통에서 Gompertz 모형이 가장 높은 적합도를 보였다. Logistic 모형은 모든 성별과 계통에서 모든 모형 중 가장 낮은 모형 적합도를 보였다. 성숙체중(α)의 경우 모든 성별과 계통에서 Von Bertalanffy, Gompertz, Logistic 모형 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 성장비(β)와 성숙률(γ)은 Logistic, Gompertz, Von Bertalanffy 모형 순으로 높게 나타났다. 성장곡선 모수인 α, β, γ는 암컷보다 수컷에서 높게 나타나는 경향을 보였다. 이 연구에서 수행한 가금연구소 보유 토종닭 순계 12계통의 육성기 성장 특성은 향후 토종닭 종계, 실용계를 생산하기 위한 교배조합 시험 설계와 순계의 개량방향, 그리고 사료 제한급이를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 것이다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.551-555
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• 2013

Complicated malaria is mainly caused by Plasmodium falciparum, but, increasingly, Plasmodium vivax is also being reported as a cause. Since the reemergence of indigenous vivax malaria in 1993, cases of severe malaria have been steadily reported in Korea. Herein, we report a case of vivax malaria complicated by adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that was successfully managed with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). A 59-year-old man presented at our hospital with fever and abdominal pain, which had persisted for 10 days. On admission, the patient had impaired consciousness, shock, hypoxia and haziness in both lungs, jaundice, thrombocytopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation, metabolic acidosis, and acute kidney injury. A peripheral blood smear and a rapid diagnostic test verified P. vivax mono-infection. Ten hours after admission, hypoxia became more severe, despite providing maximal ventilatory support. The administration of antimalarial agents, ECMO, and continuous venovenous hemofiltration resulted in an improvement of his vital signs and laboratory findings. He was discharged from the hospital 7 weeks later, without any sequelae.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.352-355
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• 2012

Hypospadias is a rare congenital malformation of the urethra reported in cattle. The urethral lumen of male indigenous Korean calf is open along the ventral aspect of the penis in the perineal region. Renal abscess and renal stone formation causing urinary tact infection has not been reported in hypospadia calves. The objective of this study was investigation for renal abscess and renal stone formation through autopsy. Histopathological examination and laboratory tests were performed. At autopsy, the pustules were formed on the right renal cortex, and the renal medulla abscess were formed on right and left part of the renal pelvis. Histopathological finding, this case was diagnosed as severe acute suppurative and necrotizing pyelonephritis, and severe chronic interstitial nephritis with fibrosis and moderate multifocal acute cystitis with edema. Milky exudate of the kidney has been identified as Actinomyces meyeri using the VITEK-2 system for identification of bacteria, and the stone has been identified as carbonate apatite using FT-IR system for quantification analysis. This case report describe the hypospadias complicated with urinary tract infection due to carbonate apatite stones and Actinomyces meyeri.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.395-399
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• 2008

Methanol and aqueous extract of leaves of Trema orientalis Linn. were subjected to the potential antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The pharmacological interest of this plant coupled with traditional use (antidiarrhoeal, antiseptic, analgesic etc) prompted to test for antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The antioxidant potential of the methanolic extract was determined on the basis of their scavenging activity of the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl free radical. $IC_{50}$ of the methanol extract of T. orientalis was $110.25\;{\mu}g/ml$ which indicated the strong antioxidant activity of the plant. However the aqueous extract showed mild antioxidant activity. In case of antibacterial activities test, the extract was subjected for its effectiveness against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in agar diffusion method. The zones of inhibition produced by the crude methanol and aqueous extract against few sensitive strains were measured and compared with those of standard antibiotic Gentamycin. It is evident that both extracts are active against the bacteria at low concentrations. The obtained results provide a support for the use of this plant in traditional medicine and suggest its further advance investigation.