• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.3733-3739
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• 2010

This paper suggests the measurement method of evaluation of management performance factors in health organization using AHP and Factor Analysis technique. To achieve this goal, this study applies AHP method to different size of hospitals. AHP method is deployed in three steps. At first step, the major factors, which indicate the management performance in health organizations, will be formed through factor analysis. At second step, the pairwise comparison between two factors will be performed to calculate the weights of each variables. At the last step, the order of priority of all factors will be determined. This order list will be used in measurement of the management performance in health organization. The results of this paper show that the financial factors take the top position, and followed by customer related factors, process factors and education & growth factors. This result could be the milestone for the measurement of management performance of medical organization in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.157-167
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• 2010

Density is the most important congestion indicator among the three fundamental flow variables, flow, speed and density. Measuring density in the field has two different ways, direct and indirect. Taking photos with wide views is one of direct ways, which is not widely used because of its cost and lacking of proper positions. Another direct density measuring method using two point detectors has been introduced with the concept of instantaneous density, average density and measurement interval. The relationship between accuracy and measurement interval has been investigated using the SIMULATION data produced by Paramics Application Programming Interface function. We analyze the affect of segment density accuracy by sensing gap each road condition such as sensing segment length, lane and LOS after gathering data by Paramics Application Programming Interface.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.155-172
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• 1995

This study is an empirical analysis on the equity in the delivery of heatlh care under the Korean Medical Insurance Corporation System. The purposes of this study are to find out effects of income on the health care utiliztion and measure the income-related inequity in the distribution of health care. This study was carried out based on the fact that the health insurance program has been organized to achieve the equity objective, "equal treatment for equal needs". Of 41, 828 insured persons who had been diagnosed in the 1993 Health Screening Test and utilifzation data from 1, January 1993 through 31, December 1993 were derived from the Benefit Managment File. Inequity was measured by means of I) share approach, ii) standardization concentration curve approach, iii) inequity index, iv) test for inequity. The major findings were as follows : 1. The expenditure shares of the top two quintile groups exceeded their morbidity shares, whereas the opposite was true of the bottom three quintile groups, Which showed a positive HI$_{LG}$ inequity index, suggesting the presence of some inequity favoring the rich group. 2. Compared with other residential areas, the rural area showed the highest positive HI$_{LG}$ irrespective of need indicatior applied. 3. Standardized expenditure concentration indices adjusted by age, gender and need structure were also found to be positive, and therefore still indicated that there has been inequity favoring the rich after the standardization. 4. The Loglikelihood Ratio (LR) test for the statistical significance of income-related inequity of medical care utilization was carried out using the logistic regression model. The resulting loglikelihood ratio test statistic value was 176, which did exceed the 0.5 percent critical value of the chi-square distribution with 28 degrees of freedom, which is 50.993. Therefore, the null hypothesis of no income-related inequity of medical care utilization was rejected at the 99.5 percent confidence level. 5. The Regression based F-test has been carried out for analyzing the income-related inequity of medical expenditure in terms of age, gender, morbidity indicators as explanary variables. The hypothesis of the absence of income-relate inequity was rejected for all need indicators at the 95% confidence level.nce level.

• Atmosphere
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2018

Sea ice plays an important role in modulating surface conditions at high and mid-latitudes. It reacts rapidly to climate change, therefore, it is a good indicator for capturing these changes from the Arctic climate. While many models have been used to study the predictability of climate variables, their performance in predicting sea ice was not well assessed. This study examines the predictability of the Arctic sea ice extent from ensemble prediction systems. The analysis is focused on verification of predictability in each model compared to the observation and prediction in particular, on lead time in Sub-seasonal to Seasonal (S2S) scales. The S2S database now provides quasi-real time ensemble forecasts and hindcasts up to about 60 days from 11 centers: BoM, CMA, ECCC, ECMWF, HMCR, ISAC-CNR, JMA, KMA, Meteo France, NCEP and UKMO. For multi model comparison, only models coupled with sea ice model were selected. Predictability is quantified by the climatology, bias, trends and correlation skill score computed from hindcasts over the period 1999 to 2009. Most of models are able to reproduce characteristics of the sea ice, but they have bias with seasonal dependence and lead time. All models show decreasing sea ice extent trends with a maximum magnitude in warm season. The Arctic sea ice extent can be skillfully predicted up 6 weeks ahead in S2S scales. But trend-independent skill is small and statistically significant for lead time over 6 weeks only in summer.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.135-142
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• 2003

Gas flux across the air-sea interface is often determined by the product of gas transfer velocity k) and the difference of concentrations in water and air. k is primarily controlled by wind stress on the air-sea interface, thus all parameterizations ofk involve wind speed, a rough indicator of wind stress, as one of the independent variables. We attempted to explore the spatial and temporal variations of k in the East (Japan) Sea using a database from Naet al. (1992). Three different parameterizations were employed: those of Liss and Merlivat (1986), Wanninkhof(1992), and Wanninkhofand McGillis (1999). The strong non-linear dependence of k on wind speed in all parameterizations leads us to examine the effect of time resolution, in which the binned wind speeds are averaged, on the estimation ofk. Two time resolutions of 12 hours (short-term) and one month (long-term) were chosen. The mean wind speeds were fed into the given parameterizations, resulting in six different transfer velocities of $CO_2$ ranging from 12 to 32 cm/h. In addition to the threefold difference depending on the choice of parameterization, the long-term average of wind speed results in a value ofk up to 20% higher than the short-term (12 hours) average of wind speed due to the non-Rayleigh wind distribution in the East (Japan) Sea. While it is not known which parameterization is more reliable, this study proposes that the time-averaged wind speed should not be used in areas where non-Ralyleigh wind distribution prevails such as the East (Japan) Sea. The net annual $CO_2$ flux was estimated using the value of k described above and the monthly ${\Delta}fCO_2$ of Oh et al. (1999); this ranges from 0.034 to 0.11 Gt-C/yr.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.185-198
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• 2015

This study drew performance management factors analyzed a causal link between acceptance and satisfaction of performance management to present the method for promoting acceptance on the performance management system that most of the public enterprises, government-affiliated organizations are implementing. To achieve this, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis were conducted in parallel through in-depth case studies and surveys. The results of this study are as follows. First, the analysis of the performance management factors with preceding studies shows that performance management indicators, performance management operations and performance management communications. Second, from the causal relationship of performance management factors affecting performance management acceptance reveals that performance management operation has statistical significance. Third, the analysis of the effect of performance management factors on the management satisfaction shows that operation and indicator of the performance management have statistical significance and reflecting the performance indicators to business, adequacy of target level, training, system support and CEO's Leadership have been revealed as important variables to the management satisfaction. Fourth, the result of the analysis on casual connection between acceptance and satisfaction of the performance management shows that improving management acceptance has a direct impact on satisfaction because performance management receptiveness were deemed statistically significant. Fifth, the result of the in-depth case studies on improving performance management acceptance shows that public enterprises have been putting in an effort to design indicators and try to encourage internal member's involvement during the monitoring and evaluation. The quantitative analysis based on survey has turned out that performance management operation and performance management indicators have statistical significance. The qualitative analysis by in-depth analysis shows that public enterprises put a lot of effort to performance management indicators and communication between internal members. As a result, commitment to performance management operation is required to improve the performance management acceptance. In other words, a detailed implementation plan for training, information system support, and CEO's leadership has to be established and ought to be pushed.

• The Korean Journal of Quaternary Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 1999

The effect of the relative abundances of planktonic foraminifera juveniles on the climatic and oceanographic history interpretations is documented for the first time (as far as we know) by use of the year-long time-series sediment trap samples. Statistical correlation analysis suggests that many climatic and oceanographic variables such as sinking flux (total number) of planktonic foraminifera, relative abundance of some climatic indicator species G. bulloides and N. dutertrei, temperature, and salinity do not show any significant correlations with the relative abundance of planktonic foraminifera juveniles. However, planktonic foraminifera juveniles show moderate correlations with species diversity indices (species richness, Shannon-Wiener index, and Equitability). These indicate that the juveniles do not affect the relative abundances(%) of species compositions but affect the species diversity indices. Based on this one-year trap result, special care is required when we use species diversity indices for the interpretations of paleoceanography when the juveniles are excluded from total planktonic foraminiferal countings.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.157-162
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• 2020

Blind rivet nuts are increasingly used in automotive for the joining of sheets. Their application, however, requires appropriate design guides to prevent catastrophic events arising from the failure of joints. In this study, the shaft shape of a frequently used M8 blind rivet nut is optimized based on 3D numerical analysis of the blind rivet nut considering the characteristics of thread. The thread needs to be modeled to suitably consider the fastening of the M8 bolt after the crimping process. FE analysis showed that while the friction in the contact between crimp flange and plate has no significant effect on the crimp geometry, shaft thickness (t) and shaft height (h) are the most significant design variables. The parameter study including various combinations of t and h reveals that they affect the gap (the distance between the crimped flange and the plate that develops through riveting) and the load acting on the plate. The gap is an indicator of the tightening force. It is found that t is inversely proportional to the gap, and proportional to the load, whereas h is proportional to the gap and inversely proportional to the load. Based on our FE analysis results, we propose the range 0.062 < t/h < 0.1 to ensure sufficient fastening (high clamping load, small gap) of the M8 blind rivet nut. The design guide for determining the t/h ratio proposed in this study can be used for general quantitative analysis of the size and the t/h ratio of blind rivet nuts.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.26 no.1 s.70
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• pp.31-36
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• 1987

A piecewise linear regression model able to describe disease progress curves with simplicity and flexibility was developed in this study. The model divides whole epidemic into several pieces of simple linear regression based on changes in pattern of disease progress in the epidemic and then incorporates the pieces of linear regression into a single mathematical function using indicator variables. When twelve epidemic data obtained from the field experiments were fitted to the piecewise linear regression model, logistic model and Gompertz model to compare statistical fit, goodness of fit was greatly improved with piecewise linear regression compared to other two models. Simplicity, flexibility, accuracy and ease in parameter estimation of the piece-wise linear regression model were described with examples of real epidemic data. The result in this study suggests that piecewise linear regression model is an useful technique for modeling plant disease epidemic.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.191-214
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate variables which have an influence on young children's peer interactions. The data of 966 4-year-old children and their parents and class teachers were extracted from the 5th Panel Study on Korean Children in 2012 by Korea Institute of Child Care and Education. The data were analyzed by means of ANOVA, Pearson's coefficient and multiple regression. The results were as follows: First, boys' play disruption and play disconnection were higher than girls', and girls' play interaction was higher than boys'. Second, sociability and activity of temperament, and teacher-child interaction were related to peer disruption. Third, teacher-child interaction and sociability of temperament significantly affected play interaction. Controlling parenting behavior of the mother was positively related to peer interaction in girls. Fourth, teacher-child interaction, sociability and emotionality of temperament significantly affected play disconnection. Social parenting behavior of the father was negatively related to play disconnection in boys. Lastly, teacher-child interaction was the clearest indicator for young children' peer interactions. These findings suggested a potential role of the teacher in young children's peer interactions.