• Korean small business review
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.117-154
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• 2021

With the arrival of the Internet age, which is characterised by interconnection, the importance of networks is increasing in entrepreneurial activities and networked incubation (NI) has emerged as a mainstream concept in business incubation (BI). However, detailed studies on operation models of NI have been scarcely conducted. In this respect, this paper suggests a knowledge-focused networked incubation (KNI) model optimised for the study BI was established by theoretical analysis, and has been applied. The initial diagnosis of the effectiveness of the KNI model was also conducted through descriptive statistics, case studies, and the Industrial Depth Interview (IDI). This study is significant in that it has elaborated an NI operation model that meets the down-to-earth needs of incubatees and also is universally applicable.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.109-114
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• 2005

The founding purpose of Business Incubation System is to induce those businessmen who have technology and promising business ideas but are lacking fund, information, and management skill, and to speed up their business establishment and enhance the level of success by providing them with managerial knowledge, production technology, design, and equipment. While some universities made Business Incubation Center to achieve the above purpose, some other universities, especially the local ones, believed that Business Incubation Center, if managed successfully, could be an accelerator picking up the sluggish local economies. This study studied the motivators that let them move in an Incubating Center, their request for support, their level of expert utilization, and the role of head of a Center. This study found a significant level of correlation among the variables such as industrial-educational cooperation, the development of common items, utilization of professors with matching majors, utilization of research professors, and transfer of technology.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.9
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• pp.1601-1608
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• 2014

Plasma reactor was used for the inactivation of Phytophthora capsici which is phytophthora blight pathogen in aquiculture. Effects of first voltage, second voltage, air flow rate, pH, incubation water concentration were examined. At the low $1^{st}$ voltage, under 80 V, the lag phase was noticed within 30 sec, however, it was not shown over 100 V. The variation of optimum operation condition was not shown by the variation of microorganisms. However, the inactivation rate was different by the variation of species of microorganisms. The inactivation rate and efficiency were increased by the increase of $2^{nd}$ voltage. The highest initial inactivation rate was shown at pH 3 and the rate was decreased by the increase of pH. The inactivation rate increased by the increase of air flow rate, however, it was shown as similar at the rate of 4 L/min and 5 L/min. The inactivation rate was distinctly decreased at the three times concentration of incubation solution comparing at the distilled water and basic incubation solution.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.19-42
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• 2011

This research focuses on the case studies for operating scheme of technology venture incubation centers located at science parks, technology parks, and foreign universities. Technology venture incubation centers in foreign countries commonly vitalize local economy, create job markets, and promote new venture industry. There is a distinct difference in many ways between foreign and domestic incubation centers. Foreign countries consider the position of incubation centers at national policy level. They characterize the operation of incubation centers into technology fields. They install the networks cooperating with experts and promote the management. Tenant companies moved in incubation centers enhance the degree of completion through industry-university cooperation. Universities and research centers utilize the results of R&D to make the business, accelerate to venture establishment with technical skills, and foster technology entrepreneurs by spin-offs. Through case studies we propose implications helpful to manage domestic technology incubation centers and management methods to be successful centers.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.143-147
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• 1988

In order to investigate the mechanism of regulation of progesterone production, quail were hypophysectomized at various times during the ovulation cycle, and granulose cells were isolated from follicles 4 hr after the operation. They were incubated in vitro at $40^{\circ}C$ with or without LH or dibutyryl cyclic AMP, and the amounts of progesterone produced during 3 hr of incubation were measured by radioimmunoassay. Hypophysectomy at 8 hr or 20 hr before the predicted time of ovulation caused a reduced responsiveness of F1 granulosa cells to exogenous LH or dibutyrul cyclic AMP. Although hypophysectomy at 24 hr before ovulation caused a slight reduction of responsiveness of F1 granulosa cells, the reduction of the progesterone production during the incubation without any stimuli was prominent by the sham operation. These results suggest that the presence of pituitary gland influences the ability of the granulose cells to produce progesterone in response to LH or dibutyryl cyclic AMP.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.31-44
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• 2015

Local governments in Korea are involved in three types of online shopping sites : 'direct operation', 'outsourced operation', and 'sales agency.' They are different in terms of the site operator and the charging mechanism among a local government, the site operator, and local producers. This study analyzes their differences in site traffic, local producers' participation, promotion, and partnership. The results from the investigation of 72 shopping sites are the following. First, shopping sites of the 'direct operation' type and the 'outsourced operation' type show significantly higher participation of local producers. Second, the 'marketing agency' type has significantly higher number of promotional activities than the 'oursourced type' which has significantly higher number than the 'direct operation' type. Third, the number of partnerships in the 'marketing agency' type is the highest. The 'direct operation' type is the second and significantly higher than the 'outsourced type.' On the basis of the analysis results, this paper suggests an incubation ecosystem model as a better way of involvement by local governments in online shopping sites.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.879-887
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• 2014

Bacteria that mediate the anaerobic oxidation of ammonium (anammox) have been detected in natural ecosystems, as well as various wastewater treatment systems. In this study, sludge from a particular landfill leachate anaerobic treatment system was selected as the incubation seed for anammox microorganism enrichment owing to its possible anammox activity. Transmission electron microscopy observation, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis, and cloning/sequencing techniques were applied to identify the diversity of anammox microorganisms throughout the incubation. During the early stage of operation, the diversity of anammox microorganisms was similar to the original complex microbes in the seed sludge. However, as incubation time increased, the anammox microorganism diversity within the system that was originally dominated by Candidatus (Ca.) Brocadia sp. was replaced by Ca. Anammoxoglobus propionicus. The domination of Ca. Anammoxoglobus propionicus produced a stable removal of ammonia (70 mg-N/l) and nitrite (90 mg-N/l), and the total nitrogen removal efficiency was maintained at nearly 95%. The fluorescence in situ hybridization results showed that Ca. Anammoxoglobus propionicus was successfully enriched from $1.8{\pm}0.6%$ initially to $65{\pm}5%$ after 481 days of operation. Therefore, the present results demonstrated the feasibility of enriching Ca. Anammoxoglobus propionicus from leachate sludge, even though the original cell count was extremely low. Application of this seldom found anammox organism could offer an alternative to current ammonia-nitrogen treatment.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.448-456
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• 2021

Background Locoregional stem cell delivery is very important for increasing the efficiency of cell therapy. Amnisite BA (Amnisite) is a freeze-dried amniotic membrane harvested from bovine placenta. The objective of this study was to investigate the retention of cells of the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) on Amnisite and to determine the effects of cell-loaded Amnisite in a porcine radiation-induced chronic wound model. Methods Initially, experiments were conducted to find the most suitable hydration and incubation conditions for the attachment of SVF cells extracted from pig fat to Amnisite. Before seeding, SVFs were labeled with PKH67. The SVF cell-loaded Amnisite (group S), Amnisite only (group A), and polyurethane foam (group C) were applied to treat radiation-induced chronic wounds in a porcine model. Biopsy was performed at 10, 14, and 21 days post-operation for histological analysis. Results Retaining the SVF on Amnisite required 30 minutes for hydration and 1 hour for incubation. A PKH67 fluorescence study showed that Amnisite successfully delivered the SVF to the wounds. In histological analysis, group S showed increased re-epithelialization and revascularization with decreased inflammation at 10 days post-operation. Conclusions SVFs had acceptable adherence on hydrated Amnisite, with successful cell delivery to a radiation-induced chronic wound model.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.37-40
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• 2003

The antibacterial action of violet pigment, a mixture of violacein and deoxyviolacein, isolated from phychrotrophic bacterium RT102 strain was examined, and the operational conditions for the effective production of violet pigment were studied. The antibacterial activity of the violet pigment was confirmed for several bacteria such as Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the high concentration of violet pigment, above about 15mg/L, caused not only growth inhibition but also death of cells. The growth properties of RT102 strain were clarified under various incubation conditions such as pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen concentration. The maximum violet pigment concentration, i.e. 3.7 g/L, and the maximum productivity of violet pigment, i.e. 0.12 g .L$\^$-1/H$\^$-1/, were obtained in a batch culture of pH 6, 20$^{\circ}C$, and 1 mg/L of dissolved oxygen concentration.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.43-63
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• 2022

The aim of this review is to communicate some essential knowledge of the underlying mechanism of the corrosion of structural containment alloys during molten salt reactor operation in the context of prospective online monitoring in future MSR installations. The formation of metal halide species and the progression of their concentration in the molten salt do reflect containment corrosion, tracing the depletion of alloying metals at the alloy salt interface will assure safe conditions during reactor operation. Even though the progress of alloying metal halides concentrations in the molten salt do strongly understate actual corrosion rates, their prospective 1^st order kinetics followed by near-linearly increase is attributed to homogeneous matrix corrosion. The service life of the structural containment alloy is derived from homogeneous matrix corrosion and near-surface void formation but less so from intergranular cracking (IGC) and pitting corrosion. Online monitoring of corrosion species is of particular interest for molten chloride systems since besides the expected formation of chromium chloride species CrCl₂ and CrCl₃, other metal chloride species such as FeCl₂, FeCl₃, MoCl₂, MnCl₂ and NiCl₂ will form, depending on the selected structural alloy. The metal chloride concentrations should follow, after an incubation period of about 10,000 hours, a linear projection with a positive slope and a steady increase of < 1 ppm per day. During the incubation period, metal concentration show 1^st order kinetics and increasing linearly with time^1/2. Ideally, a linear increase reflects homogeneous matrix corrosion, while a sharp increase in the metal chloride concentration could set a warning flag for potential material failure within the projected service life, e.g. as result of intergranular cracking or pitting corrosion. Continuous monitoring of metal chloride concentrations can therefore provide direct information about the mechanism of the ongoing corrosion scenario and offer valuable information for a timely warning of prospective material failure.