• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제8권7호
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• pp.2246-2260
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• 2014

In this paper, a secure multilevel quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) scheme is proposed for the physical layer security (PLS) of the wireless communications. In the proposed scheme, each transmitted symbol's signal constellation (SC) is hopping with the control of two unique factors: amplitude distortion (AD) factor and phase hopping (PH) factor. With unknown the two factors, the eavesdropper cannot extract effective information from the received signal. We first introduce a security metric, referred to as secrecy gain, and drive a lower bound on the gain that the secrecy capacity can be improved. Then, we investigate the relationship among the secrecy gain, the signal to noise power ratios (SNRs) of the main and wiretap channels, and the secrecy capacity. Next, we analyze the security of the proposed scheme, and the results indicate that the secrecy capacity is improved by our scheme. Specifically, a positive secrecy capacity is always obtained, whether the quality of the main channel is better than that of the wiretap channel or not. Finally, the numerical results are provided to prove the analytical work, which further suggests the security of the proposed scheme.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.169-174
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• 2018

In this paper, we propose an estimation method using multiple in-phase and quadrature (IQ) signals of different frequencies to evaluate the sample-time errors in the sampling oscilloscope. The estimator is implemented by ODRPACK, and a novel iteration scheme is applied to achieve fast convergence without any prior information. Monte-Carlo simulation is conducted to confirm the proposed method. It clearly shows that the multiple IQ approach achieves more accurate results compared to the conventional method. Finally, the criteria for the frequency selection and the signal capture time are investigated.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.426-433
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 초음파현미경의 동작주파수 변화에 따라서 획득한 영상의 조합을 통하여 얻어진 영상들에 관하여 연구하였다. 고체내부의 영상을 복원하는 경우, 얻어진 영상들은 표면이 상태가 중첩되어 나타나게 된다. 이 경우 위상체 영상들은 내부 영상의 콘트라스트 개선에 활용되어 질 수 있다. 실험에서는 두가지 종류의 시편이 사용되었다. 첫째는 NPP내부에서 스팀 발생장치의 주 파이프의 매질측면에 1/4T, 1/2T, 3/4T의 홀 결함을 갖는 기준 블록이고 다른 시편은 직경이 1-2mm인 반구형태의 시편이다. 실험결과 기본의 영상처리 방법에 비하여 결함 형태에 대한 콘트라스트가 2배 정도의 향상을 보였다. 실험을 위하여 반사신호의 진폭과 위상을 동시에 획득할 수 있는 쿼드러춰 검출기를 사용한 초음파현미경 시스템을 구성하였다. 앞으로는 진폭과 위상영상의 재구성 방법과 결함영상의 콘트라스트를 개선시키기 위한 방법이 계속 연구되어져야겠다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.256-261
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• 2011

We demonstrate 3-Gb/s wireless link using a 60-GHz receiver front-end fabricated in $0.25-{\mu}m$ SiGe:C bipolar complementary metal oxide semiconductor (BiCMOS) and a mixed-mode quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) demodulator fabricated in 60-nm CMOS. The 60-GHz receiver consists of a low-noise amplifier and a down-conversion mixer. It has the peak conversion gain of 16 dB at 62 GHz and the 3-dB intermediate-frequency bandwidth of 6 GHz. The demodulator using 1-bit sampling scheme can demodulate up to 4.8-Gb/s QPSK signals. We achieve successful transmission of 3-Gb/s data in 60 GHz through 2-m wireless link.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.284-286
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• 1999

The 7-dial inductive voltage divider (IVD) which is divided the in put voltage precisely upto 10-7 were fabricated by using the toroidal cores made of super-mumetal strips of 0.025 mm thick and special decade switches. The cores ate of the initial permeability of 200,000 and magnetic flux density of 0.5 T. The in phase and quadrature ratio errors are evaluated to less than ${\pm}4{\times}10^{-7}$ and ${\pm}5{\times}10^{-6}$ rad. respectively. The fabrication techniques used are more discussed in this paper.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제32권9C호
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• pp.810-819
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• 2007

90도 위상 천이기나 필터와 같은 불완전한 시스템 요소에 의해 생성되는 I(inphase)축과 Q(quadrature)축 간의 불균형은 피할 수 없는 물리적 현상으로 동기 변/복조 시스템(coherent modulation/demodulation system) 구현에 있어서 성능 열화를 유발한다. 본 논문에서는 AWGN (additive white Gaussian noise) 채널 환경에서 수신기의 I/Q 불균형이 존재하는 경우, DVB(digital video broadcasting)-S2 시스템에서 사용되는 변조방식에 대한 정확하고 일반화된 심벌 오류 확률을 2차원 결합 가우시안 Q-함수(two-dimensional joint Gaussian Q-function)의 선형 결합(linear combination)의 형태로 유도한다.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.194-198
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• 2003

Recently, the use of TCP/IP protocols over wireless LANs poses significant problems. In this paper, we have analyzed transmission control protocol (TCP) packet transmission time for mobile IP over wireless local area networks (LANs) using a proposed a new random backoff scheme. We call it as a proxy backoff scheme. It is considered the transmission time of TCP packet on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in additive white gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. From the results, a proposed proxy backoff scheme produces a better performance than an original random backoff in mobile IP over wireless LANs environment. Also, in OFDM/quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) medium access control (MAC), we have obtained that the transmission time in wireless channel decreases as the TCP packet size increases.

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 2000년도 제11회 정기총회 및 00년 동계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.126-127
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• 2000

Resonance fluorescence is the manifestation of the interaction between the physical system under consideration and the vacuum-field fluctuation. The fluorescence spectrum provides such physical informations as the energy-level structure of the system, instabilities and relative populations of the energy levels, etc.. One of the typical fluorescence spectra is the Mollow triplet appearing when two-level atoms are driven by a strong coherent field in free space$^{(1)}$ . In the weak field limit, the singlet instead of the triplet is obtained with a reduced linewidth due to the squeezing of one quadrature phase of the induced atomic dipole$^{(2)}$ . On the other hand, when the atoms are put inside a cavity rather than in free space, a doublet spectrum due to the vacuum Rabi-splitting is achieved, showing clearly the coupling of atoms and the cavity in the single-quantum limit$^{(3)}$ . (omitted)

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.227-232
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• 2016

In this study, the performance of a 32-quadrature amplitude position modulation (QAPM) system is analyzed under a Rician fading channel condition when the maximal ratio combining (MRC) diversity technique is used in the receiver. The fading channel is modeled as a frequency non-selective slow Rician fading channel corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). QAPM is available to improve BER performance without amplifying transmit power, and MRC diversity makes the performance improvement of QAPM system even bigger by intentionally maximizing SNR. Error performances are shown for the 32-QAPM system and a 32-phase silence shift keying (PSSK) system in order to examine the effects of fading severity, for various values of the Rician parameter, K. The dependence of error rates on MRC diversity is also analyzed. The simulation results show that the BER performance of the 32-QAPM system is better than that of the 32-PSSK system under the above mentioned conditions.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.893-898
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 무선 멀티미디어 통신 시스템 환경에서 고속의 전송데이터를 전송할 시스템을 이루기 위해 적응변조 방식을 적용한 Truncated Type-II Hybrid ARQ 방식과 부호화 기법을 제안하였다. 여기서, 나카가미 페이딩 채널 환경으로 적응변조방식을 해석하였다. 적응변조 시스템은 나카가미 페이딩 지수에 따라서 변조 레벨과 심볼율을 제어할 수 있다. Eb/No가 높거나 나카가미 페이딩 지수 m이 높을 경우 이 시스템은 높은 변조 레벨과 높은 심볼율을 선택하여 전송 효율을 증가시키는데 목적이 있다. 이와 반대로, Eb/No가 낮을 경우, 전송 성능 감소를 막기 위해 낮은 변조 레벨과 낮은 심볼율을 선택한다. 변조 방법으로는 QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM 방식을 채용하였다. Truncated Type-II Hybrid ARQ 기법에 의한 적응변조 방식은 실시간 처리 및 고 신뢰도가 요구되는 무선 멀티미디어 통신 시스템에 적용이 가능하리라 판단된다.