• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.39-44
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• 2007

Objectives In recent years, we are concerned about anti-aging and longevity. And I heard that Mori Fructus has been used for promotion of health in local clinics. So I wanted to know immuno-ability of Mori Fructus and carried out this experiment. Methods We cultivated 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and Protein chip used for $ProteoPlex^{TM}$ 16-Well Murine Cytokine Array Kit. Results We known the immunity of Mori Fructus about 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes and gained the increase of Cytokines(IL-2, IL-4, IL-12p70, GM-CSF, INF-${\gamma}$, TNF-${\alpha}$). Conclusions So I guess that Mori Fructus has effect of immuno-ability, etc.

• Mycobiology
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.50-54
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• 2008

This study examined the chemical composition of A. blasiliensis and the chemical structural properties of an immuno-stimulating polysaccharide. The amino acids, free sugars, and organic acids by HPLC and fatty acids by GC were analyzed. The immuno-stimulating substance from A. blasiliensis was extracted with hot water and purified by ethanol precipitation. It underwent ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and gel filtration on Toyopearl HW 65F. Through GP-HPLC, the substance was found to be homogeneous. Its chemical structure was determined by $^{13}C-NMR$. Fatty acids, organic acids, and sugar alcohol composition consisted exclusively of linoleic acid, fumaric acid and mannitol, respectively. The amino acids were mainly glutamic acid, glycine, and arginine. By $^{13}C-NMR$ analysis, the immuno-stimulating substance was identified as ${\beta}-(1{\rightarrow}3)\;(1{\rightarrow}6)$-glucan, composed of a backbone with $(1{\rightarrow}3)$-linked D-glucopyranosyl residues branching a $(1{\rightarrow}6)$-linked D-glucopyranosyl residue. The ${\beta}$-glucan from A. blasiliensis showed pronounced immuno-stimulating activity on the antibody-production ability of B-lymphocytes by the hemolytic suspension assay. In these results, A. blasiliensis was estimated to have potent pharmacological properties and potential nutritional values.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.281-288
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• 2011

Lactobacillus salivarius JWS 58 (JWS 58) and Lactobacillus plantarum JWS 1354 (JWS 1354) are isolated from duck intestine and have ability to produce bacteriocin. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of JWS 58 and JWS 1354. The nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines (IL-$1{\beta}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$) were measured in C57BL/6 mouse peritoneal macrophages to determine immune enhancing effects of JWS 58 and JWS 1354. A Listeria (L.) monocytogenes challenge mice model was used to evaluate immune enhancement ability of JWS 58 and JWS 1354 in vivo. The results showed that JWS 58 and JWS 1354 increased the production of NO or cytokines by peritoneal macrophages and that oral administration of viable probiotic strains in mice elicited the immuno-modulatory effect upon L. monocytogenes challenge. JWS 1354 showed stronger immune enhancing effects than JWS 58. Collectively, this study demonstrated that Lactobacillus strain JWS 58 and JWS 1354 possess immune enhancing effect. Furthermore, two stains are expected to use feed supplement to prevent diseases by pathogenic bacteria through releasing bacteriocin and enhancing host immune responses in animal.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.736-740
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• 2007

Acanthopanax sessiliflorus SEEM extracts(AS) have been used to treat patient with diseases including cancer in Oriental countries. Recently, AS was known to have anti-cancer and immuno-stimulating activites. For these reasons, we investigated the effects of AS following gamma-ray irradiation on cytotoxicity for solid tumor cell line (S-180) and immune-potentiating ability such as proliferation of thymocytes and splenocytes. Finally we also investigated tumor weight and survival rate in tumor bearing mice. In our results, Treatment with AS suppressed proliferation of solid tumor cells (S-180) effectively. Treatment with AS accelerated thymocyte and splenocyte proliferation in tumor bearing mice. In addition, Treatment with AS reduced tumor weight and prolonged life of tumor bearing mice. In conclusion, we demonstrate that AS following gamma-ray irradiation is useful to treat patients with cancer, and also demonstrate that AS have both direct cytotoxic ability for cancer cells and indirect immune-stimulating action for thymocytes and splenocytes.

• Journal of Radiopharmaceuticals and Molecular Probes
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2021

⁸⁹Zr is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which has known as well-suited radioisotope for use in a monoclonal antibody-based imaging agent for immuno-PET. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the diagnostic ability of general trastuzumab and thio-trastuzumab as HER2 positive receptors based on Df hexadentate iron chelator. Desferrioxamine-p-SCN (Df-Bz-NCS) and desferroixamine-maleimide (Df-Mal) were purchased from Macrocyclics (Dallas, TX, USA). The trastuzumab was purchased from Roche (Schweiz), and thio-trastuzumab was obtained from professor Hyo-Jeong Hong group (Kangwon National University). The radioisotope ⁸⁹Zr was produced by domestic purification system and KIRAMS using medical cyclotron (50 MeV, Scantronix). The conjugates of Df-trastuzumab and Df-thio-trastuzumab were prepared with Df-Bz-NCS and Df-Mal under basic aqueous solution (pH 8-9) at room temperature, respectively. The conjugates purified by PD-10 column were mixed with dried ⁸⁹Zr chloride. ⁸⁹Zr-labeled conjugates were purified and concentrated by Amicon ultra centrifugal filter. The preparation step and time of ⁸⁹Zr-labeled conjugates was shorted as 4 steps within 2 hours. ⁸⁹Zr-labeled conjugates showed the highly radiochemical purity of over 98%, and were very stable until 7 days by the analysis of radio-ITLC method. Each radio-labeled conjugates were also exhibited the highly stability in both PBS buffer and mouse serum. Immuno-PET imaging of ⁸⁹Zr-labeled conjugates in mice bearing gastric cancer xenograft tumors with HER2 expression showed high tumor uptake in the NCI-N87 HER2-expressing. However, ⁸⁹Zr-Df-Mal-thio-trastuzumab showed a relatively lower tumor-to-background ratio than ⁸⁹Zr-Df-Bz-trastuzumab, as well as whole-body distribution. In the results, ⁸⁹Zr-Df-Bz-trastuzumab was evaluated to have a relatively higher HER2 diagnostic ability than ⁸⁹Zr-Df-Mal-thio-trastuzumab.

• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.84-90
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• 2006

During our search for macrophage stimulating compounds from medicinal plants, we isolated biopolymers from Acanthopanax sessiliflorus. Isolated fraction AS-5 showed maximum potential, and stimulated lysosonal enzymatic activity by 230% at $300\;{\mu}g/ml$. The nitric oxide (NO) producing ability of AS-5 $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ was $58\;{\mu}M$ when treated with interferon-$\gamma$ and lipopolysaccharide $20\;{\mu}g/ml$. The lymphocyte proliferating effects of isolated biopolymer fractions were also investigated. Highest lymphoproliferative activity (a 2.8-fold enhancement compared to saline treated group was exhibited by AS-3 at $200\;{\mu}g/ml$ followed by AS-5 and AS-6. The AS-3 fraction stimulated only T-lymphocytes and had little or no effect on B-lymphocyte proliferation. Partially methylated alditol acetates were prepared to elucidate the glycosyl linkage-compositions of the AS-3 and AS-5 biopolymers, and were analyzed by GC-MS. The AS-3 and AS-5 biopolymer fractions were found to contain 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-D-glucitol, 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-D-galacitol 3,4,6-tri-O-methyl-galacitol, 2-O-methyl-arabinitol and 2,4,6-tri-O-methyl-D-glucitol, 2,3,6-tri-O-methyl-D-galacitol linkages, respectively.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.287-292
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• 2005

The crude polysaccharides(C-CPF, C-CPM, C-CPB) derived from fruiting body, mycelia and mycelia free broth of cordyceps militaris were obtained by ethanol precipitation of hot water extracts. After a batch fermentation of C. militaris was carried out in a 5 L jar vessel, endo-polysaccharide and exo-polysaccharide were obtained. They were demonstrated as the hetero polysaccharides which were composed of glucsose, galactose and mannose by performed with HPAEC(high pH anion exchange chromatography) and conformation of random coil by its complex forming ability with congo red reagent. They were purified by ion exchange (DEAE-cellulose) and gel filtration chromatography. They were monitered by phenol-sulfuric acid method and Bradford method. The NO induction activities of crude polysaccharides and purified polysaccharides derived from mycelia free broth were enhanced rather than LPS(lipo polysaccharide) which was used as a general NO inducer. These effects presumably contibute to the antitumor activities. The homogenieties and molecular weights of polysaccharides were determined by using Sepharose CL-6B. The yield, molecular weights and NO induction activities of C-CPFN Fr.III, C-CPMN Fr.III, C-CPBN Fr.II were 0.387, 0.408 and 0.153, 127 K 210 K and 36 K, 40.79%, 88.72%, and 104.17%, respectively.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.45-56
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• 2000

Objectives : Meridian Scraping Therapy(MST: Kwal-Sa: 刮痧) has not well known in Korea. But it's a kind of Traditional Physical Therapy wide spreaded in China and Taiwan. So I want to introduce this new Therapy by summarizing the basic theories and practical manipulations. Conclusions : To analyse the meaning of the character Kwal-Sa, Kwal(刮) means scraping the skin by some tools and Sa(痧) means originally the red spots on skin of measles but in this therapy it's the red spot on skin after the treatment. Meridian Scraping Therapy is based on the meridiology and holism which are the basic theory of Oriental Medicine. The main effects of Meridian Scraping Therapy are draining of pathogenic factors, promoring the flow of ki and blood, tonify yang, balancing the harmony of intemal organs and enhancing the immuno-ability in body. Rhinoceros corpus is common matrial of MST-plate which is the tool of manipulation. And by this plate several manipulation is performed according to the symptom and the locations of pain. The merits of MST are that easily learned by practician, the effects of the treatment are very quickly manifest and no significant side-effects. And additionally this therapy performed not only for treat diseases but prevent it and preserve health.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.936-941
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• 2005

In this trial we assessed the effect of soluble alginates on murine cells. Mouse peritoneal monocytes were stimulated in vitro with a solution of alginate. The production of $TNF-\alpha$ and nitric oxide (NO), the expression of surface molecules CD80 and CD86, and the ability of monocytes to phagocyte bacteria were assessed, in order to evaluate the effect of alginate on cell functionality. We showed that mouse peritoneal monocytes stimulated with alginate produce NO and $TNF-\alpha$. In addition, alginate is able also to increase their phagocytic activity and to a lesser extent also to increase the expression of CD80. Even with different degrees, it implies that alginates per se act directly on immune response, being able to effectively stimulate proinflammatory activity. These findings corroborate the idea that alginates can represent interesting adjuvants to use to increase the efficacy of antigenic stimulation.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2009

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of Yukmijihwangtang on cerebral ischemia-induced learning and memory impairment by middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in rats. Methods: The ability of learning and memory of rats was measured using the eight-arm radial maze and the passive avoidance test, and profile of cholinergic neuron was assessed in the medial septum and hippocampus region by immuno-histochemistry. Results: 1. No differences were found between groups in the number of correct choices in acquisition performance during the eight-arm radial maze task. 2. No differences were found between groups on day 1 in the error rate in acquisition performance, which is defined as the number of enters into the same arm more than once within five minutes. After 5 to 6 days of test, the number of errors was significantly reduced in the Yukmijihwangtang group (forebrain ischemia group with Yukmijihwangtang treatment), compared with the ischemia group. 3. The memory processes significantly improved in the Yukmijihwangtang group according to results of the passive avoidance test. 4. The appearance of AchE (acetylcholinesterase) in the CA1 region of hippocampus significantly decreased in the ischemia group, compared with the sham group (untreated group). The appearance of AchE in the same region significantly increased in the Yukmijihwangtang group, compared with the ischemia group. 5. The appearance of ChAT (choline acetyltransferase) in the CA1 region of the hippocampus and medial septum decreased in the ischemia group, compared with the sham group. The appearance of ChAT in the same region significantly increased in the Yukmijihwangtang group, compared with the ischemia group Conclusions: This study provides evidence that Yukmijihwangtang is effective for reviving the ability of learning and memory and damaged neurons in rats with experimental cerebral ischemia.